中国古典美学与避暑山庄

中国园林的发展演变,经历了由大变小的过程,这也是“自然天成” 的美学原则形成的过程。到了清代追求质朴自然成为时尚。康熙乾隆构建避暑山庄的万树园时,运用了因势造园的法则。在处理万树园与周围景观关系时,运用了虚实相生和自然过渡的方法,构筑了一幅天然的画图。     

中朝汉籍交流的文化史章

第一次公布了西北大学图书馆珍藏的朝鲜汉籍 49种 35 7册 ,按经、史、子、集四部分类研究了其独特的学术价值 ,特别是对收藏的李朝“奎章阁”皇家藏书源流作了系统论述 ,指出了中朝传统文化双向交流的源远流长 ,以期引起国际汉学界的重视     

Banking on fewer children: financial intermediation,fertility and economic development

This paper shows that financial intermediation can influence fertility and labor allocation decisions by raising market wages. The increase in wages induces some households to abandon “traditional” labor intensive methods of production managed at the household level and supply labor to “modern” sector firms. Since it is optimal for households in the modern sector to have fewer children, the labor allocation decision leads to lower national fertility. A panel VAR using financial intermediation, fertility and industrial employment share data in 87 countries is estimated. The empirical results show that the data are consistent with the theoretical predictions. Received: 20 October 1997/Accepted: 31 August 1998     

The social “R & D” paradigm in child and youth services: Building knowledge convivially

Adaptation of agricultural and industrial research and development models offers new methods for bridging the worlds of research and practice in child and youth services. Social R & D methodologies provide effective means for generating new social technologies because they are product oriented and use a wide array of traditional and nontraditional data sources. This article discusses one social R & D paradigm—Developmental Research and Utilization. Permanency planning and community support systems research are used to illustrate the past and potential application of this methodology to the field of child and youth services.     

Planning for permanency planning in foster care

The perceived severity of the problem of “drift” in the foster care system has encouraged agencies nationwide to accept permanency planning, but perhaps with limited attention to the planning process. This article examines the phenomenon of permanency planning from a planning perspective by focusing on: (a) definition of the permanency planning problem, (b) understanding of issues relevant to permanency planning (caseworker, program and systemic), (c) appreciation of the operational context (political, economic and social factors), and (d) evaluation of available options and possible consequences in developing or improving a permanency planning program. Permanency planning is not a simple, ready-made program applicable to any situation; it involves coordinated efforts by workers, service systems, and society in general, and requires time, commitment and resources. Successful planning for permanency planning can permit more children to grow up in homes providing continuity and stability.     

“叱石成羊”传说新解

叱石成羊的传说包含了"化石"和"仙乡奇遇"两个母题,因而是一个复合的故事,它形象生动地演绎了葛洪的神仙道教思想,寄托了隐士们的隐逸情怀.     

Controlling health care costs: An evaluation of strategies

There has been much discussion about the factors underlying inflation in the health care sector and the means to moderate increases in health expenditures. This paper identifies various costcontainment strategies and synthesizes research findings that may be helpful in evaluating their effectiveness. The review demonstrates the complexity of the issues and relationships that must be confronted and understood in cost containment. The delivery system is shown to be not well-suited to improving efficiency and restraining health care expenditure. Any single strategy, whether it involves restructuring the market or more direct regulation, cannot in itself accomplish the combination of expenditure control and adequacy of services that is socially desirable. A number of mutually reinforcing strategies are required. Finally, more empirical and analytical information on incentives, provider and regulatory decisionmaking, costs of regulation, and the dynamics of negotiation, is essential for the design of an effective costcontainment program.     

政治抱负和人文理想相融合的体育思想——纪念毛泽东诞辰110周年

从毛泽东体育思想的孕育和催生到他的<体育之研究>与"游泳"诗二首的发表,再到建国后毛泽东体育思想在全国的实践,都贯穿着一个中心思想,即他的政治抱负的施展和人文理想的追求是融为一体的.也是他作为一代著名政治家和领袖人物,其体育思想与他人相异之处.     

发展中国体育产业组织的理性思考

随着社会的进步,体育成为人们生活中必不可少的组成部分,由此形成了商机,出现了体育产业。根据产业组织理论,中国体育产业进入成长期,其市场结构、市场行为都不十分理想,因此,要抓住机遇,保护体育这一"幼稚产业",组建体育集团,培养体育产业管理人员,促进国内竞赛国际化,使中国体育产业走上健康发展之路。     

“兴亡今古恨，酹酒问渔樵”——从李杨故事文人诠释模式变迁看《长生殿》的主题蕴含

前人于李杨情事的解读,或偏重于史家之论,或致力于诗家抒怀.前者囿于史家视角本身的偏颇而难免偏执之讥,有些作品甚而流于庸俗与无聊;后者虽因写作者本人身世感情的融入而寄慨遥深,但"女色祸国"这一历史定论的传统惯性,又使得他们常常在重"情"与重"史"之间摇摆不定,从而在作品中于明皇深致悲悯,于杨妃却多所讥刺.洪昇之创作<长生殿>,一则是出于对前人有关李杨故事解读模式的不满,再则是欲借这一故事融入自身的身世感伤.前者构成了<长生殿>外在的文本风貌帝妃之恋("情")与安史之乱("史")的错综扭结;后者则构成了充溢于<长生殿>文本之深层的悲剧意蕴人生不永、情缘易逝、世事沧桑的人生幻灭感.