国外重铸反馈研究

20世纪90年代,国外二语习得领域对重铸反馈的研究兴趣逐渐兴起,经过二十年发展,重铸研究现已成为该领域的研究焦点之一,其重点探究重铸反馈的效果,但国内相关的研究还较少。本文从重铸促进学习者二语发展的效果、影响重铸效果的学习者内部因素和外部因素的角度出发,梳理国外重铸研究,并讨论国外研究对我国的启示。     

图书出版业二维码应用策略探讨

伴随着二维码市场的迅速升温,图书出版业再次掀起二维码热潮。文章介绍了二维码应用于图书出版业的独特优势,并从内容与服务、产业链、盈利模式、配套资源、受众习惯、应用技巧等几个方面探讨了出版业应用二维码的策略与发展前景。     

线上与线下交易行为浅究——从中国中小企业B2B电子商务模式分析

本文主要从中国中小企业B2B电子商务模式的角度,结合中国中小企业B2B电子商务发展现状、结合阿里巴巴的实例,对B2B企业电子商务活动中线上与线下交易行为分离的原因分析。并针对其原因,阐述理论支持和解决方案。同时阐释本人经分析产生的,对中国中小企业B2B电子商务活动中线上和线下行为发展趋势的预测,以及因中小企业B2B电子商务活动而产生的支付问题的发展趋势的预测。     

基于逆向供应的V2G市场电价策略研究

本文讨论了电动汽车普及后电力公司借助V2G技术建立V2G市场的市场运行模式,对电力公司在不同价格策略下,电动汽车保有者参与V2G市场向电力公司反向供电的响应度进行对比、分析.结果表明:电力公司采取分时电价策略时,可以以较不采用分时电价情景低的反向购电价格获得更高的V2G市场响应度,在不损失电动汽车保有者效益的情况下,使电力公司获得更高的总收益.     

Efficiency Evaluation in Search Advertising

In this article, we use data envelopment analysis combined with principal component analysis to evaluate the efficiency of online retailers in search advertising. We examine various efficiency model specifications involving several resource and performance‐related variables in search advertising. Our analysis based on 200 retailers suggests different efficiency patterns for multichannel and Web‐only retailers. The results of our efficiency pattern analysis indicate that the performance metrics, impressions, online sales, click‐through rate, and conversion rate together reveal differences in efficiency mainly for multichannel retailers. On the other hand, ad positions in sponsored and organic links reveal differences in efficiency for Web‐only retailers. In terms of overall efficiency, we find that multichannel retailers occupy relatively most of the top positions. These results contribute to organizational level understanding of search advertising practices in online retailing and offer insights into keyword management, resource utilization, and performance metrics in search advertising campaigns.     

Factors associated with breastfeeding to 3 months postpartum among women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: An exploratory study

ProblemBreastfeeding has significant health benefits for maternal and infant health, yet women with pre-pregnancy diabetes (type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus) are often less likely to breastfeed compared with other childbearing women.BackgroundIntention to breastfeed and making the decision to breastfeed during pregnancy are significant predictors of breastfeeding in the general population, but intention to breastfeed has not been assessed during pregnancy among women with pre-pregnancy diabetes.AimTo investigate factors associated with breastfeeding to three months postpartum, including demographic, health and reproductive characteristics, perceived support and pre-birth intention to breastfeed, among women with pre-pregnancy diabetes.MethodsA prospective cohort of women with pre-pregnancy diabetes was recruited at three metropolitan hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. Women completed surveys during the third trimester of pregnancy (including intention to breastfeed) and at approximately 3 months postpartum (including current breastfeeding). Factors associated with any breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum were investigated using logistic regression.FindingsPregnancy surveys were completed by 79 women; three-month postpartum data were available for 47 women. Of these, more than two-thirds (n = 32, 68%) indicated that they were breastfeeding. Controlling for other relevant variables, only pre-birth intention to breastfeed was significantly associated with any breastfeeding at three months (Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% confidence intervals, p) = 20.49 (20.18–20.80, 0.017)).DiscussionPre-birth intention to breastfeed was the only significant predictor of continued breastfeeding to 3 months postpartum.ConclusionPregnancy provides an important opportunity for health professionals to educate and support women with pre-pregnancy diabetes about their breastfeeding intentions.     

Comparison of normal variance estimators under multiple criteria and towards a compromise estimator

For estimating a normal variance under the squared error loss function it is well known that the best affine (location and scale) equivariant estimator, which is better than the maximum likelihood estimator as well as the unbiased estimator, is also inadmissible. The improved estimators, e.g., stein type, brown type and Brewster–Zidek type, are all scale equivariant but not location invariant. Lately, a good amount of research has been done to compare the improved estimators in terms of risk, but comparatively less attention had been paid to compare these estimators in terms of the Pitman nearness criterion (PNC) as well as the stochastic domination criterion (SDC). In this paper, we have undertaken a comprehensive study to compare various variance estimators in terms of the PNC and the SDC, which has been long overdue. Finally, using the results for risk, the PNC and the SDC, we propose a compromise estimator (sort of a robust estimator) which appears to work ‘well’ under all the criteria discussed above.     

Four general multivariate stationary extremal Markovian processes

Two general multivariate stationary Markovian process with maximization structure (denoted by Max-AR(1) and MaxI-AR(1)) are developed respectively. Max-AR(1) is a subclass of MaxI-AR(1). The characterization of the Max-AR(1) and MaxI-AR(1) to be stationary is studied. Some properties of the two maximization processes are derived. Two more related general multivariate stochastic Markovian process with minification structure are analogously constructed (denoted by Min-AR(1) and MinI-AR(1)). Some well known maximization and minification processes are special cases of these four extermal Markovian processes. Two of them are simulated and some point estimations are provided as an illustration of the wide application of these four processes.     

Technologie,délocalisations et tâches constitutives des professions au Royaume‐Uni

Les auteurs examinent l'évolution des tâches accomplies par les travailleurs au Royaume‐Uni entre 1997 et 2006, qu'elle soit due à une reconfiguration des professions elles‐mêmes (marge intensive) ou à une variation de leur part respective dans l'emploi (marge extensive). Ils se fondent notamment dans cet examen sur des données de la Skills Survey, enquête britannique sur les compétences. Leur analyse montre que la variation à la marge intensive est notable et aussi importante que la variation à la marge extensive. Une analyse économétrique fait ressortir en outre que le progrès technique joue un rôle dans l'évolution à la marge intensive, mais pas les délocalisations.