Apron strings of working mothers: Maternal employment and housework in cross-national perspective

This paper asks whether maternal employment has a lasting influence on the division of household labor for married women and men. Employing multi-level models with 2002 ISSP survey data for 31 countries, we test the lagged accommodation hypothesis that a long societal history of maternal employment contributes to more egalitarian household arrangements. Our results find that living in a country with a legacy of high maternal employment is positively associated with housework task-sharing, even controlling for the personal socialization experience of growing up with a mother who worked for pay. In formerly socialist countries, however, there is less gender parity in housework than predicted by the high historical level of maternal employment.     

“东方战线”探源

第二次世界大战爆发前后,英、法曾经与苏联交涉、谈判,希望苏联能够在东方牵制德国,对德作战,形成两面夹击德国的局面.“东方战线”是在苏德战争爆发后形成的.“东方战线”的含义经历了一个演变过程.苏联出兵侵占西部邻国领土不应该被看成是建立“东方战线”.     

Exit, Voice, Loyalty in Transition: A Theoretical Framework

On the grounds of borrowing and reforming Hirschman’s terminology, ‘exit, voice, loyalty’, we show both a conceptual and a methodological framework that can be used to raise questions in transitology studies. These issues include the following points: are there any models being developed concerning the transition countries?; are there any similar models in Western Europe?; is there any convergence between the models of both Eastern and Western Europe? If the answer to the last issue is yes, then in which areas? Or if it is a no, is it true that a special economic, social and also political system is developing in Eastern Europe? Another issue concerns how strong the growth potential of the different models is. It also examines which are the successful models and which are not, and what is the role of the economic and political elite in the development of these models. This study includes only the theoretical framework.     

论东欧新马克思主义的理论定位

"东欧新马克思主义"指的是第二次世界大战后在东欧国家兴起的一种马克思主义流派,其历史大体上分为两个时期:20世纪50-70年代,东欧新马克思主义作为稳定的学术派别存在,具体地说,包括南斯拉夫实践派、布达佩斯学派以及波兰和捷克斯洛伐克等国的新马克思主义;70年代后.东欧新马克思主义者作为个体融入到西方学术界,但其学术创作仍然有着东欧新马克思主义的深刻烙印.东欧新马克思主义与通常意义上的西方马克思主义以及70年代后欧美新马克思主义共同构成了20世纪新马克思主义的基本格局,其中,东欧新马克思主义鲜明的理论特色在于:其一,对马克思思想独特的、深刻的阐述;其二,对社会主义理论与实践、历史与命运的反思和对社会主义改革的理论设计;其三,对现代性的独特的理论反思.     

苏东演变的主要历史教训与反腐败问题

本文概述了苏东演变的两个主要历史教训。并根据我国国情，提出如何反对腐败，建立制度化、法律化的民主制的若干看法。     

东汉时期水利工程的修建及特点

东汉中央政权对水利工程的修建主要体现在大型水利工程的治理方面,但数量不多,同时,更关注对水利工程的管理,因为考绩制度的要求、农作技术的发展,地方官员对水利工程的修建十分重视。这类水利工程多是由旧有工程改造而来,并多集中在东汉前期。民间豪强修建的水利工程比较普遍,在规模和功能方面与政府所修建的并不相同,并且他们试图要染指地方公共水利工程。东汉经济形态的转变,豪强势力的逐渐扩张和经营形式的变化,依附关系的发展,以及政局的混乱等均是东汉水利工程格局的成因。     

中国智慧与西方的进步

东方在公元500到1800年这一历史时期远比西方发达。东方在西方现代文明的兴起过程中起着举足轻重的作用。东方影响的来源主要是中国。具有儒道精神传统的民族正不断建立生产和技术上的国际标准,而英美民族似乎无法再与之竞争。如果西方毫不理解东方文明的深邃和博大,那么,当东方的民族从西方的扩张和侵入所带来的震惊和破坏中苏醒过来时,西方就会变得脆弱和不堪一击。西方的方式跟中国的方式相比,存在更大的局限性。西方文明的未来出路在东方。     

Ministers' Perceptions of Foster Care,Adoptions, and the Role of the Black Church

ABSTRACT

Results from survey research of 51 Black ministers indicate that the Black church is potentially an untapped resource for the placement of African American children in permanent homes. The study population indicated knowledge of the need for African American foster care and adoptive families but did not include this need as part of the focus of work for their respective churches. Implications for additional research are highlighted.     

东汉镜铭的省体字

省体字是正字的简省字体,有简省部件和简省笔画.省体字作为东汉镜铭最常见的书写形态,表现出了丰富多样的省体特征,同时与汉代隶变关系密切,既反映了汉代篆书向隶书演变的进程,又受到汉代隶变和草书的影响与渗透.镜铭省体字的形成一方面受到隶变与东汉用字混乱,缺少规范的影响,另一方面又与东汉私人铸镜繁荣,民间镜工文化水平不高直接相关.     

东汉至宋代汉语相似比类形比句句式研究

形比句是比较句的一个类别，指谓语是形容词及形容词性成分的比较句。从调查的语料来看，东汉至宋这一阶段，相似比类形比句句式的肯定形式主要有九种类型：X与YA、X如YA、X似YA、X似Y样A、XA如Y、XA若Y、XA似Y、XA如似Y、X比YA，否定形式主要有两种类型：X不与YA、X与Y不A，否定形式的用量要远远小于肯定形式。肯定形式中，XA如Y型句式的用量和使用比例最大，其他几种多见于唐宋时期。