A spanning heuristic for the unordered and ordered matching identification problem

The matching identification problem (MIP) is a combinatoric search problem related to the fields of learning from examples, boolean functions, and knowledge acquisition. The MIP involves identifying a single “goal” item from a large set of items. Because there is commonly a cost associated with evaluating each guess, the goal item should be identified in as few guesses as possible. As in most search problems, the items have a similar structure, which allows an evaluation of each guessed item. In other words, each guessed item elicits partial information about the goal item, i.e. how similar the guess is to the goal. With this information the goal is more quickly identified.The unordered MIP has been studied by Mehrez and Steinberg (ORSA J. Comput. 7 (1995) 211) in which they proposed two different types of algorithms. The purpose of the present paper is to suggest an improved Spanning Heuristic algorithm. Its improvement increases as the problem size increases. Further results and comparisons are derived for the unordered and ordered cases.This research shows that when the search space is very large, it is better to inquire from items that are known not to be the goal (they have been ruled out by previous guesses), for the purpose of acquiring more information about the goal. As the search space is narrowed, it is better to guess items that have not been ruled out.     

企业并购初期的组织结构设计与成本优化

本文研究了过渡结构在企业并购中的应用,并证明了过渡结构的应用使得企业并购体管理幅度隐性增大,从而降低组织成本。     

网络能力、资源获取与新企业绩效关系实证研究

网络能力是在网络导向驱动下,利用关系技巧和合作技巧进行一系列网络构建和网络管理活动,以实现资源获取目标的能力.在中国转型经济时期,网络能力对于新企业克服资源约束,实现生存和成长具有重要作用.拓展了网络能力的理论内涵,将网络能力划分为网络导向、网络构建和网络管理三个维度,建立了网络能力、资源获取与新创企业绩效关系模型,以322家新企业为样本进行实证分析.研究结果表明,网络导向对网络构建和网络管理具有显著正影响,网络构建和网络管理对知识资源获取和运营资源获取具有正影响,知识资源与新企业绩效显著正相关,知识资源获取对运营资源获取具有正影响.研究结论还表明运营资源对新企业绩效无显著影响,但知识资源可以加强两者之间关系,说明新企业只有具备很强的资源管理能力才能将运营资源转化为企业绩效.     

Effects of Firm-specific and Country-specific Advantages on Relative Acquisition Size in Service Sector Cross-Border Acquisitions: An Empirical Examination

Using a sample of 348 service sector cross-border acquisitions by U.S. firms in 44 countries during 1990–2006, our study seeks to identify factors that influence relative acquisition size (acquisition transaction value as a percentage of acquiring firm's asset value). Our findings indicate that firm-specific advantages (FSAs) in the form of available financial slack and target industry knowledge were positively associated with relative acquisition size. However, contrary to expectations, we observed a negative relationship between cross-border acquisition experience and relative acquisition size. In addition, our results suggest that country-specific advantages (CSAs) associated with higher market potential, lower political risk, and greater cultural similarity contributed to increased relative acquisition size in service industry cross-border acquisitions. Finally, our analysis reveals that the relationship between available financial slack and relative acquisition size is contingent on cultural similarity with the relationship being more pronounced when cultural similarity is high.     

先前经验、学习风格与创业能力的实证研究

如何提升创业者的创业能力是目前创业实践中亟待解决的问题。在将经验和能力区分开的基础上,从创业学习的视角出发,深入挖掘创业者先前经验与创业能力之间的作用关系机制,探讨创业者经验向创业能力转化的内在机理,采用探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析、层级回归分析等方法,对173家中国新创企业的调查问卷进行分析。研究结果表明,学习风格在创业者先前经验与创业能力的关系中发挥调节作用,不同类型的先前经验对不同类型的创业能力产生影响,创业者的学习风格也并非像以往研究所认为的那样存在优劣之分,而是存在一个匹配关系,当创业者的信息获取/转化方式与他的先前经验类型相匹配时,这一类型的经验才能更好的转化为创业能力。     

联盟还是并购:基于环境动态性和企业家精神调节作用的研究

通过分析吉利集团和比亚迪公司的案例,探讨了联盟战略、并购战略作为获取外部技术的2种有效途径,其作用受到外部环境动态性、企业家精神以及二者交互影响的问题,并构建了相应的理论框架。研究结果表明,当外部环境动态性高时,企业应选择联盟战略作为主导技术获取方式;当内部企业家精神高时,企业应选择并购战略作为主导技术获取方式;企业家精神高的企业在环境动态性高时,应选择并购战略来获取技术。     

非对称情况下的多物品拍卖

本文讨论当投标人之间存在不同的预算约束时两物品的序贯增价拍卖,对于物品之间不同的关系(互补、替代或者不相干的关系),物品价值大小的不同及与预算大小之间的关系,在一个简单的完全信息模型下,我们分不同情况讨论投标人的均衡出价策略,并发现对卖方来说,先拍卖价值高的物品是弱占优的策略。     

基于业务流程技术的企业过程性知识获取方法

企业的知识管理正在成为人们关注的热点,本文针对如何获取企业中过程性知识的问题进行了研究。在讨论了知识分类及业务流程技术的基础之上,给出了利用业务流程技术获取企业过程性知识的方法。     

输入输出的认知过程与大学英语口语教学

输入和输出是二语习得过程中缺一不可的两个重要阶段,从输入到输出学习者必须经历一系列的认知过程。口语作为一种输出技能与输入输出的认知过程有着密不可分的联系。调查表明,大学英语口语教学中存在一系列的输入输出问题。要彻底解决口语教学中的输入输出问题,必须进一步完善口语教学中现有的输入输出模式,促进学习者口语输出能力的提高,提高大学英语口语教学的效率。     

英语股市新闻报道本体隐喻分析

本体隐喻就是用具体的物或人来表征抽象的概念。通过本体隐喻,股市被概念化成眼看得见的有形的物体或手摸得着的流动的水,或活蹦乱跳的,抑或可以杀戮,抑或死而复生的人。股市的本体隐喻不仅使得报道更生动易懂,而且证实了人类认知的特点和规律。