Acculturation,Ethnicity, and Air Pollution Perceptions

A globalizing world increases immigration between nations, raising the question of how acculturation (or its lack) of immigrants and their descendants to host societies affects risk perceptions. A survey of Paterson, New Jersey, residents tested acculturation's associations with attitudes to air pollution and its management, and knowledge of and self‐reported behaviors concerning air pollution. Linguistic and temporal proxy measures for acculturation were independent variables along with ethnicity, plus controls for gender, age, education, and income in multivariate analyses. About one‐fifth of contrasts between non‐Hispanic whites, non‐Hispanic blacks, English‐interviewed Hispanics, and Spanish‐interviewed Hispanics were statistically significant (Bonferroni‐corrected) and of medium or higher affect size, with most featuring the Spanish‐interviewed Hispanics. Knowledge variables featured the most significant differences. Specifically, Spanish‐interviewed Hispanics reported less concern, familiarity with pollution, recognition of high pollution, and vigorous outdoor activity, and greater belief that government overregulates pollution than English‐interviewed Hispanics (and than the other two groups on most of these variables too). English‐interviewed Hispanics did not differ from non‐Hispanic whites, but did on several variables from non‐Hispanic blacks. Temporal proxies of acculturation among the foreign‐born were far less significant, but concern and familiarity with air pollution increased with time spent in the United States, while belief in overregulation and a positive trend in New Jersey pollution increased with time in the nation of origin. Implications of these acculturation and ethnicity findings for risk perception/communication research and practice are discussed.     

人口、经济增长对环境影响的库兹涅茨曲线分析——以昆山市为例

采用昆山市1991-2007年人口、经济相关数据,对昆山市人口、经济发展现状和环境质量进行了库兹涅茨曲线拟合分析,发现昆山市目前工业废水排放量、工业废气排放量分别与经济增长呈倒N型和正N型曲线关系,工业固体废物排放方面则不存在明显曲线,人口增长速度较快但对环境影响不明显。这说明昆山市目前已进入人口、经济增长与环境质量关系转折的关键点,转折的实现需要积极的环境政策响应。     

Volcanoes -Recovery from Rage

Abstract

The transition town movement started in the United Kingdom in 2005, with the aim of addressing peak oil and climate change through self-organising community groups. A “transition model” was proposed to guide individual transition town initiatives in their governance processes. More than 40 community groups in Australia have since become recognised as official transition town initiatives by the Transition Network in the United Kingdom. This study explored the adoption of the transition model by community members in one small rural Australian town. The qualitative study used semistructured interviews with 10 active members of this transition town initiative to gather information on its governance processes, aims, gender relations, and carbon reduction strategies. Preliminary findings have indicated that the transition town model offers guidance to facilitate the self-organising required to enable community groups with skilled communicators to promote changes in lifestyle practices of local people in ways that may reduce carbon emissions.     

马克思主义大众化视阈下大学生社会实践发展路径探析*

大学生社会实践是高校推进马克思主义大众化的重要途径。但是，大学生社会实践中还存在的很多问题，制约着马克思主义大众化的推广。高校在实际工作中，要积极探索大学生社会实践的发展路径，积极构建推进马克思主义大众化的长效机制。     

公共管理创新视阈下促进社会组织发展的路径探析

公共管理创新中社会组织发挥着重要作用。我国社会组织在发展中还存在着许多问题,为此应该在公共管理创新视阈下积极探索促进社会组织发展的路径,不断进行观念、机制和法制的创新,以加强社会组织建设和发展。     

Environmental regulatory influence and product innovation: the contingency effects of organizational characteristics

This paper examines the relationship between environmental regulatory influence and product innovation in a multi-industry sample of manufacturing organizations. Our theory argues that the influence of environmental regulation on the level of product innovation in a manufacturing organization is at least partially contingent on the organization's internal characteristics—in particular, its structural flexibility and production process flexibility. Hypotheses are derived from our theory and tested, and the results are consistent with the conclusion that structural flexibility and production process flexibility moderate the environmental regulatory influence–product innovation relationship. Whether environmental regulation inhibits or promotes product innovation seems to depend at least in part on certain internal features of an organization. We discuss implications of our results for future organization studies research on environmental regulation, and for research on other types of external constraints on organizational performance.     

环境审美:科学认知还是情感参与?——从两种环境审美观看中西哲学自然观的整合

当前西方环境美学中两种有代表性的看法——艾伦.卡尔松的“科学认知主义”和阿诺德.伯林特的“参与式美学”——从一个角度折射出了中西传统哲学在自然观方面存在的一些内在差异,由此启示我们应该通过批判地汲取中西传统哲学中的有关合理因素,对它们展开有机的整合,以解决当代环境美学面临的一些重要的理论和实践问题。     

双权值最短路径问题的一种解决算法

物流配送方案中,费用、时间是客户最关心的两个问题。物流企业需要基于这两个客户所关心的问题,提出一套低成本的物流配送方案。本文探求使用费用、时间双权值有向图最短路径问题,解决这种配送方案,并进行算法的时间复杂度分析。     

甘肃省主导产业的选择基准与培植路径

产业是国民经济运行的骨骼,结构优化意味着效益。通过资源倾斜配置的非均衡增长战略培植主导产业来带动和影响其他产业可以优化产业升级,实现区域经济跨越式发展。本文以甘肃省为例,通过量化基准选定主导产业,并探讨其培植路径,以期对甘肃"工业强省"战略和全面建设小康社会有所借鉴。     

Comparing Estimates of the Effects of Air Pollution on Human Mortality Obtained Using Different Regression Methodologies

Studies using regression techniques report their results using a variety of statistics. Evaluation of the consistency of findings, such as in a metaanalysis, requires calculating the statistical estimates of the effect reported in each study in a comparable manner. In this paper, we consider multiple linear regression, multiple Poisson regression, and logistic regression estimates. We present results that are needed to calculate, on a common basis, the slope of the regression function at a specified value, the elasticity function of the regression function at a specified value, the relative risk at a specified value, and the odds ratio at a specified value. We apply these results to studies of the association of daily mortality in an area to the daily air pollution level of ozone and PM₁₀. We calculate the estimated slope of the number of deaths per billion population associated with an increase of 1 ppb of ozone level in studies of daily mortality in three urban areas. These studies, in Los Angeles, New York, and St. Louis, produced very comparable results on a common basis, especially when compared to the coefficients as reported. We also calculated the estimated elasticity function of the daily mortality and daily PM₁₀ level for eight areas and found that the elasticities varied within a factor of roughly two, much less than the variability in the coefficients as reported.