论品特威胁喜剧中的疾病情感隐喻

人本观基础上的后现代主义视野下的隐喻观可以看作是隐喻发展的第四阶段。隐喻表达在抽象情感的理解与表达中起着至关重要的作用。从疾病是情感的维度对品特威胁戏剧进行语言考察,可以看出剧中大量出现的疾病是情感的隐喻,盲、哑、疯、麻风病、风湿病、癫痫病等各种疾病映射了剧中人物内心的极度压抑,以及人物内心的不安、惊恐与危机感,折射出了存在主义的哲学思想。情感隐喻具有经验基础,是为戏剧主题服务的。     

浅谈培养跨世纪新型体卫教师的必要性

本文从分析当今威胁人类健康的“疾病谱”“死因谱”出发，论述了跨世纪的学校体育工作者，不仅应掌握体育专业知识，还应懂得健康教育，从而阐明师专体卫专业增开五门辅修课程的必要性。     

A case–control study relating railroad worker mortality to diesel exhaust exposure using a threshold regression model

A case–control study of lung cancer mortality in U.S. railroad workers in jobs with and without diesel exhaust exposure is reanalyzed using a new threshold regression methodology. The study included 1256 workers who died of lung cancer and 2385 controls who died primarily of circulatory system diseases. Diesel exhaust exposure was assessed using railroad job history from the US Railroad Retirement Board and an industrial hygiene survey. Smoking habits were available from next-of-kin and potential asbestos exposure was assessed by job history review. The new analysis reassesses lung cancer mortality and examines circulatory system disease mortality. Jobs with regular exposure to diesel exhaust had a survival pattern characterized by an initial delay in mortality, followed by a rapid deterioration of health prior to death. The pattern is seen in subjects dying of lung cancer, circulatory system diseases, and other causes. The unique pattern is illustrated using a new type of Kaplan–Meier survival plot in which the time scale represents a measure of disease progression rather than calendar time. The disease progression scale accounts for a healthy-worker effect when describing the effects of cumulative exposures on mortality.     

Stories in Decisions: How At-Risk Individuals Decide to Request Predictive Testing for Huntington Disease

Huntington Disease (HD) is a hereditary neurological disease that typically occurs in mid-life. There is no prevention or cure, but persons at risk may request predictive genetic testing to learn whether or not they will develop the disease later in life. Many studies describe why such persons request this knowledge. Few consider how people actually make this novel decision. Drawing on in-depth interviews with sixteen test candidates, this article differentiates three types of stories about—as well as embedded in—the experience of deciding. Each type of story sheds a different light on the meaning and experience of making this decision. Stories of having to know reveal that decision-making may be experienced as a self-evident act while stories of evolving toward it feature an incremental process of weighing up the implications. Stories of taking the decision feature a pivotal point which involves the narrator in seeing anew the opportunity to make a choice. Emphasizing previously neglected temporal, biographical and phenomenological dimensions of decision-making, this typology underscores the relevance of narrative in complex processes of decision-making. It also illustrates the inadequacy of understanding decision-making purely through the lens of rational choice.     

Modelling spatially correlated data via mixtures: a Bayesian approach

Summary. The paper develops mixture models for spatially indexed data. We confine attention to the case of finite, typically irregular, patterns of points or regions with prescribed spatial relationships, and to problems where it is only the weights in the mixture that vary from one location to another. Our specific focus is on Poisson-distributed data, and applications in disease mapping. We work in a Bayesian framework, with the Poisson parameters drawn from gamma priors, and an unknown number of components. We propose two alternative models for spatially dependent weights, based on transformations of autoregressive Gaussian processes: in one (the logistic normal model), the mixture component labels are exchangeable; in the other (the grouped continuous model), they are ordered. Reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for posterior inference are developed. Finally, the performances of both of these formulations are examined on synthetic data and real data on mortality from a rare disease.     

用荧光微球-流式细胞术检测流行性出血热的初步研究

发展了一种应用荧光微球进行流行性出血热流式细胞术检测的新方法。方法为先在荧光微球表面连接上流行性出血热特定的抗体以及相应的抗原等物质,然后,通过TEM(透射电子显微镜)和流式细胞仪等技术对实验结果进行了表征和解释。方法的进一步研究正在进行中。     

乌骨鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)的诊治报告

报道了两个乌骨鸡场2～4周龄乌骨鸡暴发鸡传染性法氏囊病的流行情况；临床症状，病理剖检及组织学、血清学诊断结果；经抗法氏囊病高免卵黄抗体治疗，取得了满意的效果。建议乌骨鸡养殖场应按合理的免疫程序对乌骨鸡进行IBD免疫接种。     

1931年江淮大水防疫机制探析

1931年江淮大水发生后,国民政府救济水灾委员会（以下简称“国水委”）与国家防疫机构合组灾区卫生防疫组。从医疗防疫资源的动员与整合、防疫布控格局的构建、医学与公共卫生管理的结合运用等方面,探索新的救灾防疫体制、机制建设,取得了较为可观的成效。     

College students’ knowledge about Sickle Cell Disease

ABSTRACT

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a serious health problem affecting millions around the world. Key to prevention is knowledge about the disease and the reproductive implications. This study explored college students’ knowledge about SCD. Participants included 416 college students at a North Texas campus between October and December 2014. A cross-sectional survey design using an 18-question survey was used. Although most participants had heard of SCD, 21% had never heard of the disease. Furthermore, participants lacked knowledge regarding the differences between the disease and carrier status, prevalence, reproductive implications, prevention, and testing. Findings showed that couples had more knowledge about SCD compared to singles and there were no significant differences between those with children and those without indicating a need for education before they start dating. Most participants had not undergone SCD carrier screening and had no interest in screening. The Universal Prevention approach would be a suitable approach and should be utilized in improving knowledge about SCD.     

基于vSEIdRm模型的人口迁移以及离汉交通管控对新冠肺炎疫情发展的影响分析

不同于传统( Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Removed)SEIR流行病传播动力学模型,本文在近期研究的Varying Coefficient Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Diagnosed-Removed (vSEIdR)模型基础上加上人口迁徙(Migration) 模块,设计开发了vSEIdRm模型,该模型考虑了跨区域人口迁徙对疫情传播的影响,并允许流行病传播参数随时间变化。本文首先对人口迁移数据进行统计分析,建立其与各省新冠肺炎疫情发展的联系。之后,基于vSEIdRm模型估计了疫情初期各省份来自武汉的输入病例数,并定量刻画了离汉交通管控的效果。研究结果显示,离汉交通管控措施有效地减少了各省份的疫情规模。