利益集团博弈与决策均衡点的形成

目前,我国存在着不同的利益集团,在国家决策过程中,进行着激烈博弈。文章首先分析利益集团的形成背景及其划分;其次,提出了利益集团博弈中决策均衡点的形成依据;最后,提出了决策均衡点的实现机制。     

关于农村客运税费减免的纳什均衡动态分析

在交通管理部门进行农村客运税费减免的过程中,各种税费及其相关因素之间存在博弈关系。在此关系上,建立目标数学模型,采用变异系数法确定有关计算参数,用动态规划法对模型求解,最后通过实际计算结果与专家决策法结论进行对比,验证了税费减免方法的可行性及准确性。     

以亚洲均势为例试析均势博弈中的媒体

在国际政治秩序新格局的形成中，媒体作用重大影响深广。这在当今亚洲均势博弈中尤为突出。媒体在这种均势博弈中，既起着“晴雨表”的作用，又是各方博弈的手段，同时还是博弈的内容之一。因此，我国媒体要充分认识到自己肩负的重任，在塑造中国国家形象的过程中积极参与。发出自己的声音，为维持亚洲均势作出更大贡献。     

应试教育与“囚徒困境”

运用博弈论的原理,对应试教育的实质作剖析,探究导致这一现象的根源。在实践和观察的基础上,引入赋予明确意义的字母并构造博弈矩阵,用定量分析的方法,深刻地揭示了现象背后的深层次原因。     

Illegal immigration booms and welfare in the host country

We assess the effects of an important influx of illegal immigration on production and welfare, applied to the Spanish economy during the nineties, through a calibrated general equilibrium model. Immigrants are perfect substitutes of unskilled native workers, according to their productivity, but they are unevenly rewarded. In a first simulation we analyse the effects of an exogenous increase of illegal workers equal to the estimates for the period. In another simulation an equivalent expansion in unskilled legal immigrants is then considered. Finally, a comparison of both simulations provides the scenario of illegal immigrants being legalised. The outcome suggests that the amount of remittances and the role of labour market mechanisms (e.g. trade unions) play an important role in overall results.     

用二项式分布解析理想气体平衡态

本文从随机理论中的二项式分布出发,定量的分析了孤立系统中理想气体的最可几分布———理想气体的热平衡态,同时给出偏差与相对偏差。     

Entry rates and the risks of misalignment in the EU8

New member states will join the EMU in the coming years. Setting the central parity at which they will join has been and will be a challenging task, as there is a considerable amount of uncertainty, both from a theoretical and an empirical perspective, surrounding the determination of the optimal exchange rate. Given the probable difficulty in evaluating the equilibrium rate it is thus advisable to focus on the effects of a misalignment of the entry rate for the economy, as it has implications for countries’ real and nominal convergence. An overvalued exchange rate would have an adverse impact on a country's competitiveness and its growth, while an undervalued currency would contribute to an overheating of the economy and an excessive inflation. The objective of this paper is to better understand the role of the entry rates for short run inflation and GDP developments and their implications for the inflation criterion and the real convergence process. Having estimated equilibrium exchange rates for eight out of ten countries that entered the EU in May 2004: Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia we conduct simulations showing what their adjustments to equilibrium would be if their entry rates deviated from the optimal ones.     

四苯骈卟啉钴(Ⅱ)配合物的轴向配位反应物理化学性质研究

用分光光度法测定了四苯骈卟啉钴(Ⅱ)与咪唑、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、2.4-二甲基吡啶配位反应的速率常数、活化能、平衡常数。研究了反应前后体系紫外可见光谱的变化,讨论了配体的磁性和空间位阻对配位反应的影响。     

地方视域中的国家政权建设: 实践与反思

文章从地方社会视域中反思国家政权建设实践的区域差异,指出国家政权建设应突破单向度的国家进入-地方回应框架,实现国家性力量与社区性力量的均衡。通过对不同区域基层治理状况的分析可以发现,当下我国基层治理表现出均衡与失衡两种治理型式,均衡型治理存在于宗族力量较强或村民小组完备的地区,缺乏上述社区性力量的地区则陷入治理失衡的困境。这些差异的存在要求国家政权建设应摆脱国家/社会二元对立的单向思维,选择统一又有区别的建设路径,实现乡村社会的善治与稳定。     

浅谈适度贫困人口

贫困与发展是一个跨世纪跨国界的重大历史课题。要彻底消灭贫困非朝夕之功可成,客观地去面对贫困人口问题才是当前之要务。本文提出适度贫困人口理论,正是想从阐述贫困人口的发展历程及其存在的现实必然性,从另一个角度探讨贫困人口问题与经济发展的关系;概述测度贫困人口的方法,并探讨衡量适度贫困人口的方法。