需求导向的多元生态化大学英语课程体系构建——以独立学院为个案研究

以需求分析理论和多元生态化大学英语课程体系理论为基础,分析了大学英语教学中的各类需求信息,并围绕独立学院大学英语课程体系的构建,进行理论分析和探究,提出了＂分阶段、模块化、应用性、行业性、个性化、多元化＂的独立学院多元生态化大学英语课程体系构建的理念,并以此确立了新课程体系的框架模型和内容。     

Life's a Gas? The Training Needs of Practitioners and Carers Working with Young People Misusing Volatile Substances

Volatile substance abuse (the deliberate inhalation of substances such as gas fuels, glues, aerosols or other solvent‐based products) by young people does not attract high level attention within the broader arena of drugs education and prevention programmes. Given the prevalence of volatile substances in the lives of vulnerable groups of young people, however, and the risks associated with their misuse, social work education and training might justifiably give a higher profile to the associated needs of young people in need and/or in public care. This paper reports on the findings from a study in England of the training needs of social workers, residential and foster carers in relation to volatile substance abuse by young people, and identifies the implications for further development of training materials and resources.     

Preparing Social Workers for Practice: Re-evaluating Student Learning Needs

Among the key developmental priorities that have been identified in the current process of reform taking place in social work in the UK is the need to improve social work students' preparedness to meet the challenges they will encounter in practice. This paper contributes to the current debate about this issue by reporting a research study that focused on final year undergraduates' experience of academic and practice learning and considered the impact of demographic factors, including age, gender, disability, previous experience and qualifications, on their perceptions of preparedness. The results indicate that students were satisfied with most aspects of preparatory teaching and learning. However, the findings also highlight areas in which students' preparation could be further enhanced, including their skills in dealing with conflict and managing risk. The results suggest that social work programmes should not overly depend on practice learning to prepare students to address the challenges presented by increasingly complex working environments and that educators need to work closely in collaboration with employing partners to ensure that the curriculum keeps up to date with the changing learning needs of practitioners.     

残疾人特殊性及其需求分析

近年来,我国残疾人社会保障事业取得了很大的成绩,残疾人社会保障和社会福利水平不断提高,但是我国残疾人社会保障还滞后于整个社会保障事业,残疾人的基本生活状况与健全人的生活水平还存在着较大差距,残疾人社会保障事业还滞后于经济社会的发展。本文认为残疾人社会保障不同于一般意义上的社会保障,只有在充分认识到残疾人特殊性及其需求的基础上,才能探索和建构出适宜残疾人的社会保障模式。     

职业场—企业社会工作实践的困惑与思索

职业场中的种种矛盾与冲突究其实质是在于工业化体系与人性生活需求的对峙与并存。企业社会工作实践所要面对的就是这一矛盾反映出的种种员工问题、社会政策、企业社会责任的落实与关怀。在这个实践之中,社会工作专业伦理与社会伦理以及社会学理论建设诸方面存在着不同程度的冲突与悖论,从而产生了很多困惑。解决这些困惑,思索其理论与实践的发展,则是我国企业社会工作当前所要担当的任务。     

马斯洛需要层次理论对大学生树立正确恋爱观的启示

马斯洛需要层次理论对大学生树立正确恋爱观在理论和实践上都具有借鉴意义。     

彝族学生英语学习需求分析

本研究分析了彝族学生英语学习的需求,还调查了他们与汉族学生不同的需求,从而为彝族学生的英语教学提供参考与帮助。调查发现彝族学生与汉族学生在许多方面都存在差异,其中性格差异显著。彝族学生生性开朗,喜欢与他人交流合作,从而在语言学习中,也喜欢与他人合作学习,喜欢课堂分组活动。本文根据调查所收集的信息,就彝族学生的英语教学,对现在的高中英语教学大纲提出了几条建议。     

从“需要”概念透视黑格尔的市民社会观

在黑格尔的《法哲学原理》中,市民社会发生在伦理阶段中家庭解体之后。家庭的解体使伦理精神丧失,从而使个人的任性获得了自由,特殊性原则成为普遍的原则。市民社会是有限性和偶然性的领域,各种冲动、任性和情欲作为需要的形式充斥其中。因此,需要的体系就成了黑格尔市民社会理论中的一个重要的因素,值得我们给予其特殊的关注。     

人本主义心理学与马斯洛的需要层次论

马斯洛的需要层次论,1978年以来在我国的教育学、心理学、管理学等多种领域被广泛引用。马斯洛根据他长期的调查研究,比较实事求是地提出人的需要的层次,以此作为研究人的动机的依据。在引用过程中,出现四个层次,五个层次和六个层次几种提法,对马斯洛的自我实现观点也有不同的解释。随着长时间的广泛介绍和引用,这一理论被加上了不同的内容和不同的解释。尽管对马斯洛的这个理论有不同的解释,但他所表述的内容只有一个。因此,十分必要的是,应该清楚马斯洛的需要层次论和自我实现的原原本本的内容,了解他原来的表述。只有比较正确地了解了这个理论的实际内容以及其历史背景,才能比较全面地解释它,接受它或提出意见。     

Governmentality of adulthood: a critical discourse analysis of the 2014 Special Educational Needs and Disability Code of Practice

Produced and published by the coalition government, the publication of the 2014 Special Educational Needs and Disability Code of Practice: 0–25 years (2014 SENCoP) sets out to overhaul the management of special educational needs (SEN) provision across England and Wales. This paper employs a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the 2014 SENCoP to reveal the ideologies and aims that this policy is built upon. Following a Foucauldian framework of governmentality, this article focuses upon the way in which ‘a successful transition to adulthood’ is constructed within the policy, particularly in relation to the wider Conservative narrative of a ‘Big Society.’ Developing this analysis, the article draws upon the current political landscape of a Conservative government and the shift towards the creation of a ‘shared society’ in attempt to locate ‘adulthood’ within its wider political, economic, and cultural context. This analysis reveals the neoliberal values underpinning the 2014 SENCoP, whereby educational support is reduced to the practice of shaping and sculpting the future generation of citizens. By deconstructing notions of employment, independence, participation, and health, this article reveals the 2014 SENCoP as a tool of government, written to the demands of the economy rather than the unique needs, aspirations, and ambitions of children and young people labelled with SEN.