WTO下的美国和欧洲反倾销法及我国的对策

世界贸易组织 (WTO)反倾销守则最终将世界范围内的反倾销立法与实践统一起来。然而 ,作为反倾销措施适用最多的美国与欧共体 ,其国内立法和具体司法实践仍有很大不同 ,加上新的反倾销守则在诸如反规避措施的规定上未达成一致意见。因此 ,在今后相当长的时期内 ,反倾销守则将与各国国内立法与实践并存 ,这在反倾销措施日益成为贸易保护主义者首选手段的国际经济环境中显得更为重要     

西部地区投资软环境与体制创新

西部地区投资软环境建设中存在着商品市场观念淡薄、资本市场观念缺乏及“八重八轻”问题。要改善西部地区的投资软环境 ,就必须树立新观念 ,深化体制改革 ,加强体制创新 ,处理好“八重八轻”问题。     

新资本结构理论综述

随着资本结构研究的深入,理论界进一步放宽MM定理的基本假设。以Jensen,Myers,Ross,Leland,Harris,Hart等学者为代表的新资本结构理论引入最新的研究方法,对资本结构展开分析。本文按照新资本结构理论发展的历史轨迹,全面评述了资本结构理论中最为重要的各种理论,同时系统地描述了各有关理论的基本内容。     

The State, Institutional Transition and the Creation of New Urban Poverty in China

Since the 1990s, the introduction of a market economy and the process of rapid urbanization have been accompanied by a new urban poverty related to lay‐offs and unemployment as well as by large‐scale rural–urban migration, which is different from the traditional urban poverty of the ‘Three Nos’ (no relatives or dependants, no working capacity and no source of income). This article focuses on new urban poverty in China under market transition and discusses the causes of poverty creation. Instead of considering Chinese new urban poverty only as a result of market mechanisms, it argues that the state as the manipulator of institutions and policies does matter in the creation of new urban poverty, and that the cleavages between the old and new institutions further intensify it. Specifically, the following aspects of the creation of new urban poverty are examined in detail: the adjustment of industrial policy, the reform of state‐owned enterprises, evolution of the household registration system, and the transformation of the welfare state.     

突出创新思维培养 强化综合素质教育——艺术设计教育教学改革探讨

本文分析了当前艺术设计教育普遍存在的问题,强调艺术设计教学的特殊性,提出了艺术设计人才培养的新思路、新办法。     

推进公平是市场经济体制下政府的重要职能

推进公平是政府在市场经济体制下必须履行的重要职能 ,政府推进公平是协调经济利益关系、维持社会稳定的需要 ,是提高效率的保证 ,是对“市场缺陷”的弥补。公平是发展社会主义市场经济的最终目标之一。政府干预市场是为了实现效率与公平的兼顾与协调。为防止两极分化 ,我国政府须在推进起点公平、结果公平、环境公平上应采取切实可行的措施。     

The relationship between paid work and parenthood--a comparison of structures,concepts and developments in the UK and Austria

This article investigates and compares the dominant concepts of public policy concerning the employment-parenthood interface in the UK and Austria. These two countries have been chosen because they represent very different public policy conceptions, particularly in approaching the work-family issue. In order to show the consequences of these policies the paper focuses on working time and time away from employment, when children are very young, and relates these aspects to currently introduced and changed regulatory structures, such as working time regulations and statutory parental leave. The active labour market and family policy in Austria, generally, supports the reconciliation of employment and parenthood. However, the Austrian work-family 'system' suffers from the underlying notion of the male breadwinner model in public support structures and low normative support of employed mothers. The cultural barriers for a more equal distribution of the burdens of combining employment and parenthood seem to be lower in the UK. The market as the political focus, in general, allows more equal opportunities for (qualified) women in the labour market and within families. But the highly flexible and polarised labour market, passive public policy and weak legal protection of employed parents creates a difficult relationship between paid work and family life for many parents, in particular for low-skilled, low-paid parents, above all mothers. These analyses provide the basis for conclusions for public policy aiming at the reconciliation of paid work and parenthood. Ce texte cherche à comparer les concepts dominants de la politique gouvernementale concernant l'interface travail-parent en Grande-Bretagne et en Autriche. Ces deux pays ont été choisis parce qu'ils présentent des concepts de politique gouvernementale très différents, en particulier en ce qui concerne la question de la famille et le travail. Ce texte montre les conséquences de la pratique de ces politiques sur le temps au travail rémunéréet le temps passé à l'extérieur de l'emploi ou sans emploi, et ce, dans un contexte o[ugrave] les enfants sont jeunes. Le texte fait la relation entre ces éléments et la pratique des structures de contrôle existantes et modifiées telles que les lois (ou: les règlements) sur le temps passéau travail et sur les congé parentaux. En général, le marché du travail et la politique de la famille en Autriche encourage la conciliation entre l'emploi et la responsabilité de parent. Par contre, ce système de travail- famille autrichien est un concept qui est fondé à la fois sur le modèle de l'homme comme fournisseur principal du revenu familial dans les structures de soutien public ainsi que sur normes de soutien peu élevées pour les mères employées. Les barrières culturelles face àune distribution plus égalitaire de la responsabilité travail-famille semblent être moins élevées en Grande-Bretagne. En général, le marché et la politique du marché du travail ont offerts plus d'opportunités aux femmes qualifiées. Mais la volatilité (et la polarisation) du marché du travail, la politique gouvernementale passive et la faible protection légale pour les parentstravailleurs créent tous une relation difficile pour les parents entre le travail rémunéré et la vie de famille--en particulier pour ceux qui sont moins qualifiés et mal rémunérés, dont surtout les mères de famille. Cette analyse nous guide vers la nécessité d'une politique gouvernementale qui vise la conciliation entre le travail rémunéré et la responsabilité parentale.     

Global Visions: Global Civil Society and the Lessons of European Environmentalism

To illuminate the obstacles to the development of a global civil society, the experience of the most developed transnational social movement—the environmental movement—in the most developed supranational political system—the European Union—is considered. National differences are shown to be persistent and there is little evidence of Europeanization. It is argued that the impediments to the development of a global civil society are yet greater and that, despite the advent of antiglobalization protests, global civil society remains an aspiration rather thanan accomplished fact     

社会主义市场经济与自由

社会主义市场经济体制的建立确保了经济自由的实现。这种自由表现为自由的经济主体。自由的生产、自由的交换、自由的消费等等。社会主义市场经济是实现人的自由的现实途径。     

Sampling Returns for Realized Variance Calculations: Tick Time or Transaction Time?

This article introduces a new model for transaction prices in the presence of market microstructure noise in order to study the properties of the price process on two different time scales, namely, transaction time where prices are sampled with every transaction and tick time where prices are sampled with every price change. Both sampling schemes have been used in the literature on realized variance, but a formal investigation into their properties has been lacking. Our empirical and theoretical results indicate that the return dynamics in transaction time are very different from those in tick time and the choice of sampling scheme can therefore have an important impact on the properties of realized variance. For RV we find that tick time sampling is superior to transaction time sampling in terms of mean-squared-error, especially when the level of noise, number of ticks, or the arrival frequency of efficient price moves is low. Importantly, we show that while the microstructure noise may appear close to IID in transaction time, in tick time it is highly dependent. As a result, bias correction procedures that rely on the noise being independent, can fail in tick time and are better implemented in transaction time.