防止误将油门当刹车事故装置开发设计

驾驶汽车过程中，错踩油门（油门当刹车），引发的交通事故屡见不鲜。本装置根据发生交通故事前驾驶员紧急制动时，踩踏刹车踏板的力度远远大于踩踏油门踏板力度的事实，通过检测踩踏油门踏板力度，对驾驶员的操作进行判断，当检测到误操作时，自动切断发动机喷油电路，并使车辆强制锁定在紧急制动状态，直至重新起动发动机，从而防止此类交通事故的发生。     

论杰克·伦敦《马丁·伊登》中马丁的异化

杰克.伦敦的小说《马丁.伊登》一直备受评论界的重视,对主人公马丁.伊登的评论更是层出不穷。文章从异化的角度剖析马丁形象,认为马丁是由于无法与异化的自我相认同,无法抵挡异化感的侵袭才选择自杀作为逃避的手段。     

Avoiding 'data snooping' in multilevel and mixed effects models

Summary.  Multilevel or mixed effects models are commonly applied to hierarchical data. The level 2 residuals, which are otherwise known as random effects, are often of both substantive and diagnostic interest. Substantively, they are frequently used for institutional comparisons or rankings. Diagnostically, they are used to assess the model assumptions at the group level. Inference on the level 2 residuals, however, typically does not account for 'data snooping', i.e. for the harmful effects of carrying out a multitude of hypothesis tests at the same time. We provide a very general framework that encompasses both of the following inference problems: inference on the 'absolute' level 2 residuals to determine which are significantly different from 0, and inference on any prespecified number of pairwise comparisons. Thus, the user has the choice of testing the comparisons of interest. As our methods are flexible with respect to the estimation method that is invoked, the user may choose the desired estimation method accordingly. We demonstrate the methods with the London education authority data, the wafer data and the National Educational Longitudinal Study data.     

音乐欣赏教学与人格中的“自我”

“自我”是人格的核心组成部分,它在人格中起着调节和控制的作用。要成为健全人格的人,必须加强对自我的塑造。音乐欣赏教学就是一条良好的塑造自我的途径,它为自我意识的强化、促进自我各方面的完善起着不可忽视的作用。     

陶渊明散文的性情本色及艺术风貌

陶渊明的散文以“自况”的方式对人生的体认,表现了自我内心安贫乐道以及面临贫困的躁动不安,从而演化为憧憬乘化应运或桃花源式的生活。在这样的过程中,他的散文重“适性”,情感的平和与涌动都是“适性”的自然结果,并因之形成自我散文雅、丽、淡的多元审美格局。但他散文最根本的审美品质是“真淳”,这与他在崇尚个性自由时受孔子安贫乐道和庄子顺应自然思想的深刻影响相关联。     

从Bachman的语言测试模式谈语言测试方法对测试成绩的影响

Bachman的语言测试模式认为,语言的使用是一个动态的过程,各种知识、技能和心理过程交织在一起,相互影响、相互作用。因此,文章指出,在语言测试中,自然也应该把交际能力的各种因素结合为一个整体加以测试。在设计语言测试时,应注意测试方法对考生实际交际能力以及测试成绩的影响,旨在为测试设计者在实践中提供借鉴。     

英语语言测试设计原则简论

英语语言测试不断地经历改革和发展,除了越来越重视考试的信度和效度外,考试的真实性、互动性和可行性也越来越受关注.笔者在此对上述三种特征一一进行了阐述,说明了真实性、互动性和可行性在英语语言测试中的重要地性     

人的本真自我活动——关于世界杯足球赛的人学思考

人是自然界具有自觉意识的独特存在物。人的活动既有盲目的本能活动、有目的的社会生产劳动活动,还有“无目的的目的性”的自我实现活动(体育艺术等)。从本能到劳动再到体育,显示出人的本质自我的生成过程。世界杯足球赛作为当今人类最大规模的一项体育活动,它是人类长期有目的的劳动奋斗的结果,是人类在超越现实生存基础上的本真自我活动。     

衰落信道中二维扩频系统的抗单音干扰性能

针对二进制相移键控调制的二维扩频系统,分析了其抗单音干扰的性能。通过采用导引符号辅助相干解调进行信道估计的方法,给出了二维扩频系统在单音干扰环境中的误比特率分析结果,并对理论分析进行了仿真。仿真结果表明二者能够吻合及单音干扰对于系统性能的影响。     

Nonparametric Methods in Continuous Time Model Specification

Some popular parametric diffusion processes have been assumed as such underlying diffusion processes. This paper considers an important case where both the drift and volatility functions of the underlying diffusion process are unknown functions of the underlying process, and then proposes using two novel testing procedures for the parametric specification of both the drift and diffusion functions. The finite-sample properties of the proposed tests are assessed through using data generated from four popular parametric models. In our implementation, we suggest using a simulated critical value for each case in addition to the use of an asymptotic critical value. Our detailed studies show that there is little size distortion when using a simulated critical value while the proposed tests have some size distortions when using an asymptotic critical value in each case.