机构改革背景下的中国计划生育新去向

结合实践对机构改革背景下的中国计划生育未来走向进行了探讨。认为:中国人口形势的根本性变化、计划生育负效应逐渐显现、法外职能拓展过度及职能交叉与计划生育工作特色渐失、自我封闭和思想僵化、未对变化了的人口形势适时作出政策回应是导致人口计生部门被撤并的主要原因。人口计生部门多对突然降临的机构改革缺少必要的心理准备,思想上出现一时混乱实属必然。伴随着机构改革,人口计生工作被弱化、卫生与计生冲突不可避免。而计划生育政策调整以及伴随而来的历史遗留问题的消解是国家卫生计生委与国家发改委将面临的无法回避的新问题。     

Family Work in Oncology: Trusting the Narrative

The author describes her work with a dying patient, work that extends from the patient to his wife and adult offspring, and has transformative benefits for the family.     

The Significance of Shift Work: Current Status and Future Directions

This paper provides a review and synthesis of research literature on the effects of shift work on workers’ physical health, mental health/well-being, and family life. The focus is on current knowledge, unanswered questions, and new directions for future research. The selection of research literature is guided by a general conceptual framework that identifies predictor variables, moderating variables, and outcome variables. The paper concludes with a discussion of the variables that should be incorporated into an agenda for future research.     

Parents’ income and children’s school drop-out at 16 in England and Wales: evidence from the 1970 British Cohort Study

This paper investigates the effect of parents’ income on children’s drop-out from school at age 16 using data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70). Unlike previous papers using the same data set, we use a continuous measure of income derived from the grouped income variable available in the BCS70, we employ instrumental variable techniques to address the issue of endogeneity of family income and take account of the potential endogeneity of income response with respect to a child’s education by jointly modelling the school drop-out decision and response to the family income question. Our estimates show the exogeneity of response to the income question with a child’s education and are in line with the previous literature finding a statistically significant small negative effect of family income on school drop-out at 16. On the contrary, other non-pecuniary parental effects, such as parental education and social class, turn out to be both significant and of a sizeable magnitude. Early versions of this paper benefited from presentations at the University of Warwick, the ZEW Summer Workshop 2002 on Human Capital, the European Society for Population Economics 2002 Conference and the European Economic Association 2002 Conference and comments by Martin Andrews, Lorenzo Cappellari, Charlotte Lauer, Derek Leslie, Jeremy Smith, Mark Stewart, and two anonymous referees. The BCS70 data were kindly provided by, and used with permission of, the UK Data Archive (UKDA, University of Essex). Funding from the ESRC is gratefully acknowledged. The usual disclaimer applies.     

妇女遭受家庭暴力的现状、原因与对策

家庭是组成社会的细胞,日益严重的家庭暴力破坏了家庭和社会的稳定。妇女遭受家庭暴力问题近年来引起世界各国的普遍关注。本文通过对妇女遭受家庭暴力的现状和原因分析,力求提出行之有效的预防和解决家庭暴力的对策。     

社会抚养费征收法律规范中的问题与建议

我国现行社会抚养费征收法律规范在征收实践应用中显露出不尽适应计划生育工作和人口计划生育法治发展需要的问题,产生这些问题的原因主要在于征收制度功能定位不清晰、制度设计科学性不强、法律规范过于原则不具有可操作性。目前完善社会抚养费征收法律规范应突出法制统一、明确功能定位、体现社会公平和具有可操作性等原则,重点对法律规范中征收对象、标准、地域管辖和自由裁量权限等方面的内容加以完善。     

清代遂宁张氏家族诗人初探

清代蜀申遂宁张氏家族,诗人辈出,其中以文华殿大学士兼吏部尚书张鹏翮及其玄孙张问陶为代表,为清代文坛增辉颇多,本文对此加以评述。     

Family Policies in Germany and France: The Role of Enterprises and Social Partners

Although France and Germany are commonly classified as Bismarckian welfare regimes, they differ significantly in terms of family policy. For a long time, social and family policy in (West) Germany was focused on the male-breadwinner model of married couples. This was based on the expectation that women, in particular married women with children, would withdraw from the labour market permanently, or at least temporarily. Whereas care by mothers was massively subsidized by state family policy, the expansion of the childcare infrastructure was neglected and progressed only very slowly compared to the situation in many other countries of Europe. France, on the contrary, is one of the European countries where childcare services are particularly widespread, giving mothers the option to combine paid work and motherhood. Nevertheless, significant changes are happening in both countries. Concern over the demographic trends and low birth rates (in particular in Germany) have refocused attention on family policy in recent years. In Germany, it has now become a key field of debate and policy, and new actors have appeared on the scene. This article proposes to compare the latest developments in both countries, highlighting the contribution of enterprises and social partners to work–life balance, re-analysing the different types of familialism characterizing both countries.     

Themes and Trends of Journal of Family and Economic Issues: A Review of Twenty Years (1988–2007)

This review article examines the progress and impact of the Journal of Family and Economic Issues (JFEI) between 1988–2007. Over the past 20 years, JFEI has become a major journal publishing articles on the relationship between families and economic systems. JFEI contributed to both the economic and family studies disciplines by publishing articles that explore the interface of these two disciplines. Between 1988 and 2007, JFEI published articles on a variety of themes not often found in other economic or family studies journals such as family resource management, consumer attitudes and behaviors, and economic issues and family relationships. Other unique characteristics of JFEI include many collaborative multidisciplinary studies and many studies analyzing international or cross-cultural samples.     

台湾中部的移民和家庭变迁

在20世纪50和60年代，尽管扩展家庭作为传统理想家庭仍然在台湾受到广泛的推崇。但城市里更多的经济机会吸引了台湾中部的移民从农村涌向城市。虽然移民比以前有更多的机会生活在扩展家庭中，但是他们比非移民更倾向于携妻挈子早些离开出生家庭，而且趋向于认为兄弟关系不如夫妻关系来得重要。数据显示，一个男性移民的兄弟人数、排行、家庭经济背景等都影响着他迁往城市的机率，而且迁移并未完全阻断移民与移出家庭之间的联系。