Inventory safety stocks of kanban control systems

Efficient production control systems should be flexible and lean. Pull control systems, especially kanban systems, lead to optimized organizational structures and order processes. This is due to their high transparency in practice. Up to now, their ability to adapt to dramatic changes in the order mix flexibility has been rated low. Existing kanban systems are based on non-adapting mathematical methods of buffer dimensioning and central organization. In this paper, the practical relevant methods of mathematical buffer dimensioning are described exemplarly. A new mathematical procedure is developed focusing on dynamic buffer stocks dimensioning including safety inventories. Its opportunities in practical employment are discussed. A realization of an electronic kanban system is described.     

论人才柔性和技术MBA培养

论文首先分析了现代企业变革带来的企业柔性化需求 ,提出了人才柔性概念 ,指出了人才柔性的重要意义。然后 ,讨论了国内外技术MBA的培养现状、技术MBA的柔性特点以及技术MBA的培养目标。最后 ,阐述了IT MBA的重要地位 ,提出了IT MBA柔性人才培养措施的建议。     

Effect of tool sharing on the reliability of flexible manufacturing systems

A manufacturer invests on FMS to enhance the availability of resources in order to maintain uninterrupted production. Tool failures pose a major obstacle to this objective. In this paper, a mathematical model has been developed to determine the spares requirement of the tooling system in FMS, so that a desired tooling system reliability is achieved while overall tooling cost is minimized. The influence of tool sharing on cost, reliability, spares requirement and tool magazine capacity of the FMS are analysed. The tools and tool transporter are subject to general failure distributions.     

Training in two-tier labor markets: The role of job match quality

This study examines training investments in two-tier labor markets, focusing on the role of job match quality. Temporary workers are in general more likely than permanent workers to leave their employer and therefore are less likely to receive employer-funded training. However, as firms prefer to continue productive job matches, we hypothesize that the negative effect of holding a temporary contract on the probability to be trained diminishes with the quality of the job match. Using a recent longitudinal survey from the Netherlands, we find that temporary workers indeed participate less frequently in firm-sponsored training. However, this effect is fully driven by mismatches: holding a temporary contract does not significantly decrease the probability to receive training for workers in good job matches. Depending on match quality, a temporary job can either be a stepping stone or a dead-end.     

Feelin' groovy♪: appropriating time in home‐based telework

In this paper we present some findings from an empirical study into teleworking that challenge the received wisdom that principles of efficiency and speed determine the organisation of public and private lives. Instead, we make a case that emerging forms of work organisation such as telework entail opportunities for some individuals to rethink the relationship between life and work and to engage in questions of ‘how to live one's life’. Drawing on our research study, which combined participant observation with interview conversations with 25 teleworkers and their families, we argue that teleworking, the epitome of flexibility and instantaneousness, can, rather than always contributing to the acceleration of life, provide potential for regeneration, re‐evaluation and slowing down.     

基于动态联盟的国民经济动员组织研究

随着经济动员应用领域拓展到应对紧急事件的范畴,传统的宝塔型集中调控模式已经不适应快速动员的需要。组织结构僵化,系统缺乏柔性严重地制约了经济动员的实施。构建基于动态联盟的国民经济动员系统的组织模式,为提高系统的柔性和各级动员组织的自主性和灵活性提出了一种思路。     

The implications of irreversibility in emergency response decisions

The irreversibility effect implies that a decision maker who neglects the prospect of receiving more complete information at later stages of a sequential decision problem will in certain cases too easily take an irreversible decision, as he ignores the existence of a positive option value in favour of reversible decisions. This option value represents the decision maker's flexibility to adapt subsequent decisions to the obtained information. In this paper we show that the economic models dealing with irreversibility as used in environmental and capital investment decision making can be extended to emergency response decisions that produce important irreversible effects. In particular, we concentrate on the decision whether or not to evacuate an industrial area threatened by a possible nuclear accident. We show in a simple two-period evacuation decision model that non-optimal conclusions may be drawn when evacuation is regarded as a `now or never decision'. The robustness of these results is verified by means of a sensitivity analysis of the various model parameters. The importance of `options thinking' in this decision context is illustrated in an example.     

契约型战略联盟的灵活性期权价值研究

当面对较高程度的不确定性时,企业可以选择契约型战略联盟作为战略投资的治理模式,根据相关不确定因素的发展变化而选择不同的合作伙伴,这样,不但确保了战略投资灵活期权价值的实现,而且此治理模式本身也具有较灵活的期权价值.契约型联盟可以分为紧密型战略联盟和松散型战略联盟.本文应用期权动态规划定价模型,对紧密型联盟治理模式和松散型联盟契约治理模式的灵活性期权价值做了模型分析,并进行了相关参数的敏感性比较.分析结果表明,在一定范围内.当战略投资相关因素的不确定性程度较高时,应该选择较灵活的治理模式,如松散型战略联盟.     

An economic evaluation model of product mix flexibility

This paper develops a product mix flexibility model comprising labor flexibility, machine flexibility, routing flexibility, and information technology, with the product mix flexibility measured by an economic index. Outputs from the model can be useful in making suitable production decisions to produce multiple products in an uncertain environment. Example solutions are given. How the product mix flexibility is affected by flexibility factors is discussed, and the results show that the bottleneck plays the most important role. This paper can help economic evaluation when product mix flexibility and the factors affecting flexibility are to be improved. It can also assist in making enterprise flexibility promotion decisions.     

人民币汇率与利率之间的动态关系 ——基于VAR-GARCH模型的实证研究

 加强利率政策和汇率政策的协调配合是提高货币政策效果的要求,制定出合理的利率政策其要件之一就是确认人民币汇率弹性增大对利率稳定性的影响程度。本文利用二元VAR-GARCH模型,对人民币汇率与利率之间的动态关系进行实证研究。结果表明,汇率改革前后,汇率与利率之间的动态关系发生了系统性的改变,人民币汇率弹性的增大降低了利率波动的幅度。实证检验证明,从长期来看,汇改后人民币汇率弹性的增大能稳定利率波动,但短期内人民币弹性的增大实际上加剧了利率的波动。