汽泡周围温度场的观测

本文利用光测技术的新发展，针对流动核态沸腾中汽泡温度场观测的一系列难点．提出了解决的力案，并成功地观测厂汽泡温度场，这为研究性态流动沸腾的机理打下了基础．     

内插螺旋线管传热与阻力特性的试验研究

用插入螺旋线圈来增加管内放热系数,是一种简单和有效的强化换热方式。本文详述了作者在实验室所进行的管内螺旋线圈强化传热的实验研究情况及结果。     

均速管在两相流测量中总压孔开孔位置的确定方法

本文根据均速管流量计在气(汽)液两相流测量中存在的问题,提出了利用两相流速分布规律重新确定总压孔开孔位置的改进方法。针对垂直上升圆管中气液两相流的速度分布式,具体给出了开孔位置的计算方法及结果,由此得到的均速管如被用于两相流测量,在测量精度、测量范围上都有所改善。     

Shopfloor control practices in three Pacific basin countries: a comparative view of small machine tool industry

The strategic importance of manufacturing decisions to the competitive position of a firm is well known. As the sphere of competition has expanded from regional to national to international, successful manufacturing decisions have become ever more complex. The success of manufacturing strategics ultimately rests on proper tactical implementation at the shopfloor level. In order to explore various operating policies and procedures at a basic level, and to contrast them with some commonly held beliefs, this paper examines and compares the shopfloor practices of companies in the small machines too! industry in selected countries in the Pacific rim, namely; Japan,

China and South Korea. While many popular views on manufacturing practices in these countries are supported by the study, the results challenge other commonly held views.     

A new method for order release

A new method for determining when to release jobs into a probabilistic manufacturing line is described. This new heuristic releases jobs only if their predicted waiting times are sufficiently estimated using simulation. Moreover, we use simulation to examine the performance of this heuristic and others CONWIP, Starvation Avoidance for a manufacturing flow line with exponential machine processing, failure, and repair times. The reasons why it is appropriate to compare order release mechanisms using tradeoff curves of lead time versus customer service are described. The simulation experiments show that the new 'waiting time heuristic' is superior to other order release mechanisms in situations where low lead time is required. small. Waiting times are     

A human - computer interactive approach based on activity - section analysis for BPR

In any business process reengineering (BPR) project, a thorough understanding of various tasks and activities of the organization is required. Very often this idea is captured using a simple flow chart or static representation diagram. The weakness here is that the process design complexity is not adequately represented by the use of flow charts, and this allows for limited human-computer interaction during the process design and analysis. In this paper, we propose an enhanced flow chart approach; the concept of activity-section flow chart to support BPR, which is a combination of the existing activity flow chart and section flow chart. Using this approach, a human-computer interactive model for BPR is developed. This model can identify the unreasonable activity loops and excessive business rounds between sections by the adjacent and reachable matrices. Via the human-computer interaction, the process can be revised by human experience. This approach provides an efficient tool for BPR of large-scale systems. It has been applied to the material supply management system of an iron and steel works, and satisfactory results have been achieved.     

Single machine group scheduling to minimize mean flow time subject to due date constraints

This paper considers a single machine group scheduling problem. All jobs are classified into groups and the jobs within a group are processed contiguously on the machine. A sequence-independent setup time is incurred between each two consecutively scheduled groups. This paper presents a solution procedure which utilizes Smith's algorithm and a proposed modified Smith's algorithm to find an optimal job sequence and an optimal group sequence which minimizes the mean flow time of jobs subject to the constraint that no jobs are tardy. The complexity of the algorithm is shown to have a polynomial running time in the number of groups and jobs.     

科技人力资源的区域集聚

随着知识经济的发展, 科技人力资源越来越成为各国和区域发展的主要动力来源, 科技人力资源的区域集聚也就成为高新技术产业集聚的主要特征。为了在一定区域内集聚到合理的科技人力资源, 需要从宏观环境因素、中观组织因素和微观个体因素来研究分析科技人力资源区域集聚的影响因素。而科技人力资源区域集聚效应的发挥则取决于个体素质、群体数量和整体结构等三个方面。     

Rapid Socio-Economic Transition and Material Flows in Japan

Material Flow Accounting (MFA) is a useful tool to describe interactions between the environment and human activities. An international comparison of economy-wide material flows over the past 25 years was undertaken for five industrialized countries and successfully described the similarities and dissimilarities of the studied countries. This paper shows the relevance of MFA to Japanese environmental policy issues and summarizes the characteristics of recent Japanese material flows based on the outcomes of the international comparison study. In addition, it attempts to analyze longer-term trends in demographic changes and economic growth, as well as changes in material and energy production/consumption. An attempt is also made to offer some insights on the upcoming matured and aging society.     

机泵系统流量调节方案的优化设计

本文旨在对任一机泵系统流量调节的各种方案进行优化设计,为此建立了以投资回收期为目标函数、满足流量分布等为约束条件的数学模型。同时通过对单台、并联机泵系统各种调节方案的节能计算公式的推导,最终得出目标函数的最优解。