浅析林区投资

本文对林区投资现状、投资存在的误区、建设投资的筹集、运作和管理方式等作了探讨     

Ecological Community Structure Analyses in the Formulation,Implementation, and Enforcement of Law and Policy

Most of what is currently known about ecosystems derives from two sources: comprehensive studies by classical ecologists and economically motivated studies by resource specialists. The former have traditionally concentrated on natural or long-undisturbed ecosystems, the latter on those few species in managed or polluted ecosystems that are harvested, hunted, or fished. A recent genre of legislation, drafted with insight provided by the scientific community, recognizes the dearth of ecological information on managed or polluted communities (which are becoming far more ubiquitous and important) and dramatically raises the requirements for comprehensive data and data analyses to guide managerial and pollution abatement policies. This paper describes several important current efforts to use ecological community structure analyses to implement and enforce such legislation and some effects of such analyses on environmental policy.     

Bootstrap—An exploration

We review a few unusual aspects of Bootstrap and some of the recent theoretical as well as methodological advances. We discuss the handling of non-linearity by Bootstrap through a numerical example in Section  2. Application to the estimation of high-dimensional inverse covariance matrix is presented in Section  3 with emphasis on the Augmented Bootstrap and a Bayesian version of it. Another high dimensional example, namely, Random Forest and its offshoot random survival forest (Ishwaran et al. (2008)  [32]) are discussed in Section  4. Bootstrap for massive data, introduced by Kleiner et al. (2011) [35], is discussed in Section  4. In Section  5, we discuss some aspects of Bootstrap in the context of hypothesis testing in high-dimension.     

论科学发展观视域中的“森林重庆”建设

＂森林重庆＂建设是重庆市为开拓科学发展新局面提交的一份新答卷。这份新答卷不仅蕴含着重庆市践行科学发展观的新思路,而且也体现了重庆市具体落实胡锦涛总书记的＂314＂总体部署的新实践以及增强和提升重庆市的软实力与国际竞争力的新举措。     

印度文学的森林书写

森林在数千年间一直是印度文学的一个中心场景.从上古的吠陀、史诗到中古诗人迦梨陀娑,再到近现代诗人泰戈尔,都有丰富的森林书写.诗人笔下的森林既有外在于人的纯自然的森林,更有与人的生活有着密切关系的人化的森林,特别是其中的净修林,既是修道场所,也是教育基地,具有启迪智慧、净化心灵的作用,在文学审美中形成了以追求解脱为标志的平静味.随着仙人文化影响的深入,森林栖居由修道方式演变成生活方式,成为简朴自然生活的象征.这样的森林书写是印度森林文明的结晶,其中蕴涵着原生态主义的思想和智慧.     

林下植被对祥云新松叶蜂结茧空间格局的影响

在树冠投影及其各层次和方向上,植被丰富林地的茧的聚集强度大于不丰富林地。树间,植被丰富林地茧的个体群中大个体群分布的面积小于植被不丰富林地,为20株云南松约40m~2,植被不丰富林地为30株云南松约60m~2。植被丰富林地的相对茧口密度低于不丰富林地,主要集中在 m-σ与 m 之间,占46.88%。     

论法律视角下的集体森林资源资产评估

我国集体森林资源资产评估中存在资源产权变动的多样性、经营方式多元化以及评估工作滞后性、不完善性等特点,从法律的视角发现当前评估工作存在评估法律法规建设滞后、评估管理办法不健全、评估主体资质不清晰、评估责任条款不明确等困境,建议从建立集体森林资源资产评估主体制度、政府评估服务制度、评估监督管理体制以及评估法律责任制度等方面加以完善。     

Environmental security and labor migration in Nepal

Do changes in environmental security that result from declining access to forest resources shape labor migration in a context where household production and consumption are intimately dependent on natural resources? Using 1996 household data from the Chitwan Valley of Nepal, we examined if a decrease in access to firewood increased the likelihood of migration of individuals for work. The results of multinomial logistic regression showed that, environmental insecurity was a significant predictor for migration regardless of destination, domestic or international. Labor requirements for household maintenance also played an important role in the decision to migrate. Management of forest resources and poverty alleviation by providing firewood substitutes and economic opportunities at the local level is likely to change the labor migration flow, which could be an important issue for future research.     

Riotous Citizens: Ethnic Conflict in Multicultural Britain

Forest struggles and movements in India were a part of the rich tradition of anti-colonial struggle. In North Bengal, the recorded history of forest movements dates back to the 1960s and the movements themselves have been continuous ever since. However, despite the sincere efforts of those movements the livelihood opportunities of the forest dwellers worsened daily. The 1972 Wildlife Act together with the 1980 Forest Conservation Act strengthened further the oppressive structure of the forest bureaucracy. After the introduction of the Joint Forest Management Programme in the 1990s backed by the 1988 Forest Policy in India, it was expected that the forest dwellers would become more empowered economically and socially in lieu of their participation in the forest protection activities. But this failed miserably in the region and in 2000, against such a backdrop, a movement was started to demand land and livelihood rights for the forest dwellers. Following the Notification of the Forest Rights Act (2006) the movement has gained a new momentum while continuing its struggle against the biased implementation of the Act. This article presents a brief account of the movement in order to assess its significance and changing focuses over the years.     

集体林权制度改革对南方集体林区书业产出的影响评价——基于3S技术的构想

新一轮集体林权制度改革至今已十年,其是否达到了提高森林数量和质量的预期目标,成为学术界亟待回答的问题。林毅夫教授1992年在研究家庭联产承包责任制对农业产出的影响时提出了经典的分析框架,但是与农业生产不同,林业生产存在着投入产出在时间上的不匹配,这使得林毅夫教授的框架在林业中的应用受到限制。本研究拟采用流量产出指标——森林蓄积增量,并结合3s技术（Rs、GIS、GPS）来解决这一瓶颈问题,并在此基础上评价集体林改对林业产出的边际贡献。