新时代我国养老保障高质量发展的内容、体系和机制

面对即将快速进入深度老龄化社会的趋势,我国养老保障制度在已经实现城乡居民养老制度合一和“应保尽保”的基础上,其高质量发展需要进一步解决内容、体系和机制三个层面的基本问题。内容上,通过完善养老保障制度,进一步增强养老保险基金的筹资能力和支付能力；通过加强基层和社区医疗机构配置,强化“以医助养”；通过“师范化”的人才培养,尽快培育一支具有专业素养和爱心、以市场化经营为出路的为老服务队伍,形成“钱、医、人”三位一体。体系上,再造“三层次”,建构“三支柱”,形成以国民养老金为第一支柱、职业养老金为第二支柱和个人养老金为第三支柱的养老保障体系。机制上,重点解决养老全国统筹中基金统与制度统的关系,鼓励延迟退休,改渐进型延迟退休为选择型延迟退休,在养老金给付上进一步强化给付与缴费联动,激励缴费积极性,凸显多缴多得原则。     

A new reproducing kernel-based nonlinear dimension reduction method for survival data

Based on the theories of sliced inverse regression (SIR) and reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS), a new approach RDSIR (RKHS-based Double SIR) to nonlinear dimension reduction for survival data is proposed. An isometric isomorphism is constructed based on the RKHS property, then the nonlinear function in the RKHS can be represented by the inner product of two elements that reside in the isomorphic feature space. Due to the censorship of survival data, double slicing is used to estimate the weight function to adjust for the censoring bias. The nonlinear sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) subspace is estimated by a generalized eigen-decomposition problem. The asymptotic property of the estimator is established based on the perturbation theory. Finally, the performance of RDSIR is illustrated on simulated and real data. The numerical results show that RDSIR is comparable with the linear SDR method. Most importantly, RDSIR can also effectively extract nonlinearity from survival data.     

关于量纲分析教学的探讨

量纲分析是大学物理课教学的重要内容之一.提高量纲分析内容的教学效果要做到注重培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力;强调与其它具体的教学内容相结合;帮助学生要从学习中学会学习.