自由软件正当性的理由及其启示

限制软件的自由会导致许多负面影响，而倡导自由软件并不会导致没人愿意开发软件，也并不必然导致软件开发的效率和质量降低。自由软件运动提醒我们对知识产权法立法目的的关注，即促进社会公共利益的发展，而促进社会公共利益的发展并非当然地是向知识产权人提供尽可能大的人为激励才能实现。软件自身的特点促使我们在通过版权制度对其加以保护时应更加谨慎。     

系统可视必动态模拟软件平台的研究

对适用于社会经济系统可视性动态模拟的通用型软件平台进行了研究，提出了采用系统对象模型的建模方法。为了实现通用的可视化能力，文中对典型的计算机图形进行了抽象和分类，并介绍了自行设计的软件平台原型，包括语法协议、语法解释器流程和工作流程。     

自动推理与教育软件智能平台

阐述了如下内容：①自动推理的发展与教育技术；②教育软件智能平台的基本构成；③教育软件智能平台应有的功能，并进行了教育软件智能平台实例演示．     

最迟预分配容错实时调度算法设计与分析

提出一种多类型任务集的容错实时调度算法,详细分析该算法的调度机制,证明了该算法的正确性,并给出了该算法的可调度条件,最后通过模拟实验分析了算法的性能。实验表明,调度算法的性能与系统负载、任务出错概率、任务的计算时间等系统参数相关。     

关于认定软件最终用户法律责任的探讨

自1999年微软诉亚都公司擅自复制、使用盗版软件,侵害其知识产权一案时起,对于如何认定软件最终用户的法律责任在学界掀起了广泛而持久的争论,即最终用户使用未经授权的软件是否应承担侵权责任,2002年《计算机软件保护条例》的修订更加剧了这种争论。由于我国目前的经济发展水平决定了我国不能采取过高的软件保护标准,所以对最终用户使用未经授权软件问题应持宽容态度。具体而言,只需追究营利性最终用户的法律责任,而对公益单位和个人用户免责。     

Pricing Software Upgrades: The Role of Product Improvement and User Costs

The computer software industry is an extreme example of rapid new product introduction. However, many consumers are sophisticated enough to anticipate the availability of upgrades in the future. This creates the possibility that consumers might either postpone purchase or buy early on and never upgrade. In response, many software producers offer special upgrade pricing to old customers in order to mitigate the effects of strategic consumer behavior. We analyze the optimality of upgrade pricing by characterizing the relationship between magnitude of product improvement and the equilibrium pricing structure, particularly in the context of user upgrade costs. This upgrade cost (such as the cost of upgrading complementary hardware or drivers) is incurred by the user when she buys the new version but is not captured by the upgrade price for the software. Our approach is to formulate a game theoretic model where consumers can look ahead and anticipate prices and product qualities while the firm can offer special upgrade pricing. We classify upgrades as minor, moderate or large based on the primitive parameters. We find that at sufficiently large user costs, upgrade pricing is an effective tool for minor and large upgrades but not moderate upgrades. Thus, upgrade pricing is suboptimal for the firm for a middle range of product improvement. User upgrade costs have both direct and indirect effects on the pricing decision. The indirect effect arises because the upgrade cost is a critical factor in determining whether all old consumers would upgrade to a new product or not, and this further alters the product improvement threshold at which special upgrade pricing becomes optimal. Finally, we also analyze the impact of upgrade pricing on the total coverage of the market.     

Motivating job design as a factor in open source governance

Successful open source software (OSS) projects can be considered as examples of how ambitious work results can be achieved in web-based collaboration even when monetary incentives are low or absent. While former explorations of motivational processes in OSS projects primarily focused on person-oriented aspects such as motives, interests, and expected benefits of contributors, job-related factors have been largely neglected. After discussing the limitations of a person-oriented focus, a research perspective is suggested that concentrates on job design and work context in OSS based on frameworks from work psychology. A theoretical analysis is presented discussing job characteristics of successful OSS projects as potential explanations of the high motivation of OSS contributors. Compared to a person-oriented perspective, the results of a job-oriented approach might be better transferable to other projects (both OSS and “closed source” software development) and provide guidelines for the governance of successful web-based collaboration.

电子政务软件开发项目价格估算方法的研究与实现原型

软件价格估算作为软件工程研究的一个重要领域,在电子政务软件开发项目中的作用尤为重要,其主要是通过采用科学的指标体系和方法,为项目决策与项目前期预算估计、中期投资控制与项目管理、后期开支审核及目标实现提供详尽的依据和保障。本文从系统性、可比性和可操作性等方面研究了专门针对电子政务信息化项目的取费标准、评估指标和方法,为该评估体系开发了一个原型系统,并采用实际案例进行了分析和验证。     

六西格玛软件过程度量模型的建立与实证分析

软件过程度量是软件过程管理的重要内容,也是进行软件过程控制和软件过程改进的基础。结合六西格玛DMAIC流程建立了软件过程度量模型,其中包括定义度量内容、采集度量数据、分析影响因素、改进影响因素、度量分析及决策。将软件度量过程与六西格玛改进相结合,充分利用六西格玛完善的体系结构和其改进方案流程,为软件流程改进提供更有效的解决方案。该度量模型不但为软件过程改进提供了具体的量化工具,而且为软件持续过程改进提供了理论支持。