"同治中兴"与中法战争爱国诗歌

中法战争爱国诗歌在近代爱国诗歌中"别具一格"。诗歌揭示出"同治中兴"背景下主战派与主和派营垒非常分明,争论异常激烈。由于这次战争中国不败而败,爱国诗篇中极端愤慨之气喷泄而出,与近代其他几次爱国诗潮相比,中法战争爱国诗歌更多地从"哀其不幸"转向"怒其不争"。在战场上取得一些胜利的激励下,鸦片战争以来长期受屈辱的爱国诗人们抒发出一种慷慨激昂的英雄主义气概,一种扬我国威的"天朝中土"情结。这些特点是近代其他爱国诗潮中较少出现的。     

法国高校招考制度及其启示

中学毕业会考制度是法国学制中一种特有的考试制度,具有权威、合理、多样等鲜明特点。法国的高校招考实行"证书制",但各校由于层次高低不同,录取新生的标准和办法也各异。我国的高考改革可以从法国高校招考制度得出一些有益的启示与借鉴。     

What motivates internal whistleblowing? A typology adapted to the French context

Transparency and ethics are nowadays often cited as a way to remedy various difficulties faced by companies. However, whistleblowing employees who are an example of this are potentially confronted with silence or reprisals. The researchers have sought to apprehend the reasons pushing to whistleblow but the motivations are complex. Although some studies have tried to create profiles of whistleblowers, they have been led in cultural and legislative contexts where the whistleblower may be internal or external to the company, act out of revenge, or be financially rewarded for the information reported, none of which the Sapin II law in France permits. Using a qualitative method based on ten life narratives from French employees who have whistleblown, our article seeks to understand their primary motivations for taking this action. The research will first present the French definition of a whistleblower and the motivations identified in the Anglo-Saxon context from which most studies originate. Following the detailed presentation of the methodology, we will explain the typology of four profiles obtained from the analysis of our results and discuss similarities/differences with the Anglo-Saxon work. In a context where many organizations are promoting the establishment of a genuine ethical and democratic spirit, this typology will aim to identify the arguments that can be used upstream to encourage the process. It can also be used as a tool for training managers and employees to better understand whistleblowing, explaining to them that it is part of a predominantly positive approach, thereby limiting reprisals and stimulating the feedback on dysfunctions within the organization.     

Ageing Populations and Housing Needs: Comparing Strategic Policy Discourses in France and England

Set against a broad European policy agenda which promotes ‘ageing in place’ and representations of older people as active, independent citizens, this article compares recent English and French policy discourses on population ageing and its implications for the housing needs of increasingly large numbers of older citizens. Through analysis of six recent strategic policy statements representing each government's official responses to population ageing and its social policy implications for the 21st century, we demonstrate how differences in the social representation of the ageing process and of older peoples themselves permeate policy discourse, influencing the perceptions of the housing needs of older citizens and the role that housing itself may play in promoting independent living. In England, demographic ageing, housing and its role in facilitating independent living and active ageing are explicitly articulated, whilst in France, the housing environment has until recently, been portrayed as one which must accommodate the illness, incapacity and dependency of later life. Our article offers explanations for these differences in terms of cultural variations in the social representations or ‘constructions’ of later life, divergences in political philosophies and welfare principles.     

粤西地域武术文化探析

粤西地域武术文化受雷州半岛的雷阳文化影响,在形成和发展过程中,深受雷州半岛海洋文化中的海盗文化、本土文化中的游神文化、红土文化中的抗法斗争精神的影响,体现了南海的湛蓝,岭南的碧绿与抗法重镇红土地的深红3种文化特质.     

论近代早期法国胡格诺教徒移居英国及其影响

16世纪欧洲宗教改革开始后,法国的胡格诺教徒不断遭到维护天主教当局的镇压,他们逃离祖国,寻求避难,其中相当多的人来到了英国.在将近两百年的历史中,胡格诺移民在英国寻得了生存之地,同时也为英国的经济发展和社会进步做出了贡献.从另一角度说,近代英国的崛起,离不开胡格诺教徒等外来因素的积极性影响.     

法国殖民统治下越南儒学教育的嬗变与终结

从中国引入的封建儒学教育,是古代越南社会最为重要的教育方式。自近代法国殖民者入侵越南以来,在其殖民统治下,经由拉丁越南文取代汉字,建立法式学校,儒学教育的改造,新学的破灭,以及以法国教育制度取代儒学教育制度等一系列的嬗变,古代越南的儒学教育最终走向了末路。     

Boundaries of Frenchness: cultural citizenship and France’s middle-class North African second-generation

Based on 45 interviews in the Paris metropolitan area, I focus on the middle-class segment of France’s North African second-generation and use the framework of cultural citizenship to explain why these individuals continue to experience symbolic exclusion despite their attainment of a middle-class status. Even though they are successful in terms of professional and educational accomplishments and are assimilated by traditional measures, they nonetheless feel excluded from mainstream French society. Because of this exclusion, they do not feel they are perceived as full citizens. I also discuss how this segment of France’s second-generation draws boundaries around being French and how they relate to these boundaries. Despite their citizenship and their ties to France, they are often perceived as foreigners and have their ‘Frenchness’ contested by their compatriots. I argue they are denied cultural citizenship, because of their North African ethnic origin, which would allow them to be accepted by others as part of France. Applying cultural citizenship as an analytical framework provides an understanding of the socio-cultural realities of being a minority and reveals how citizenship operates in everyday life.     

法国语言政策与其“文化多样性”主张的悖论

法国政府强调保护文化的特性和文化的多样性,赞同＂语言多样性是文化多样性的基本要素之一＂观点。但是,法国的语言政策作为其公共政策的一部分,却与＂语言多样性＂主张存在诸多相悖之处。一方面,法国一直维护法语的独尊地位;另一方面,关于外语和方言的教学,虽然赞同＂语言多样性＂的主张,但实践中却显得非常无力。     

法国PACS制度的法律性质简析

法国于2000年开始实施的“紧密关系民事协议”（PACS）制度，是一种两人共同生活模式的全新尝试。PACS制度在关系的成立、解除和法律效力等方面均有别于婚姻，并没有动摇婚姻制度的稳固地位。但是这种新制度导致了许多难解之题，PACS的性质模糊，前途不定。