法律现实主义者的怀疑主义进路

作为美国法律现实主义的重要代表人物之一的杰罗姆.弗兰克,将如何切实可行地使人们过上幸福的生活视为自己生命的主题。因为深受霍姆斯与汉德两位大法官的影响,他选择怀疑主义进路进行回应。实用主义的哲学立场、视角主义的历史观、民主政治的政治理想、多种心理学渊源作为弗兰克怀疑主义进路重要的理论支撑,为他坚定怀疑主义进路提供了明确指引和充足动力,也是他从怀疑主义进路确立法律现实主义思想的主要理据。     

李欧梵与中国现代文学批评的空间维度

海外华人学者李欧梵善于在占有和使用包括印刷文化和都市生活公共空间等广义文本的基础上提出一些中国命题,这些命题既采用了西方20世纪文学、社会学研究较新的理论视角,又立足于中国的基本历史、文化背景之中。在雷蒙德·威廉斯“乡村”、“城市”以及“大都市”等理论范畴及空间批评理论的启发下,李欧梵以“现代性”为基点发掘中国现代文学批评中的空间维度,揭示了“新文学”传统中以乡村为核心的空间叙事对城市文学的压制。     

文化批评:当代文化研究的一种视野——兼论诺斯洛普·弗莱与F.R.利维斯的文化批评观

文化批评作为文化研究的一个方面,既是对文学研究的发展,也是对文化研究的开拓。文化批评主要表现在文学的语境观和彰显文学的人文性和价值等方面。文化批评先驱诺斯洛普.弗莱和F.R.利维斯的批评思想都集中体现了这些主张。在经典文学以及文学教育方面,他们都不约而同地提出了在文化语境中观照文学、理解经典文学的作用并在大学教育中发挥文学的人文性等观点,推动了文化批评在当代文化研究中的发展。     

梦境与现实--简析赵健秀的《唐老亚》

本文旨在分析赵健秀的长篇小说《唐老亚》，探究其如何通过梦境，神话与现实书写来钩沉被隐没的历史，重建美国华裔男性形象。     

简析威廉斯文化唯物主义思想——纪念雷蒙德·威廉斯诞辰九十周年

作为西方国家极具影响力的马克思主义信仰者,雷蒙·威廉斯创立的文化唯物主义是种新型的西方马克思主义理论形态,他依照马克思主义的唯物主义立场,发展了自己的文化唯物论;特别是在构建文化唯物主义理论核心范畴中,用别样的视角,原创性地阐述了文化观、重新评介和阐发了对＂基础——上层建筑＂的解读。理解和理清这两个核心问题是认识文化唯物主义的关键。     

Bivariate Constant-Stress Accelerated Degradation Model and Inference

To assess the reliability of highly reliable products that have two or more performance characteristics (PCs) in an accurate manner, relations between the PCs should be taken duly into account. If they are not independent, it would then become important to describe the dependence of the PCs. For many products, the constant-stress degradation test cannot provide sufficient data for reliability evaluation and for this reason, accelerated degradation test is usually performed. In this article, we assume that a product has two PCs and that the PCs are governed by a Wiener process with a time scale transformation, and the relationship between the PCs is described by the Frank copula function. The copula parameter is dependent on stress and assumed to be a function of stress level that can be described by a logistic function. Based on these assumptions, a bivariate constant-stress accelerated degradation model is proposed here. The direct likelihood estimation of parameters of such a model becomes analytically intractable, and so the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is developed here for this model for obtaining the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) efficiently. For an illustration of the proposed model and the method of inference, a simulated example is presented along with the associated computational results.     

美国大众文化的意识形态功能与华裔作家的解构策略

美国的大众文化表达了美国大众包括精英阶层的思想、观念、价值观的文化生活方式,它的全球化在一定程度上展示了一种自上而下的霸权意识和种族主义倾向.华裔作家赵健秀在他的两部长篇小说《唐老亚》和《甘加丁之路》中,通过互文、戏仿、反讽等手段消解、颠覆了大众文化中的种族刻板印象,不仅如此,他还挪用中国传统文化中的英雄以重塑属于华裔男性的文化偶像,希望华裔能主动积极地介入大众文化,操演自己的华裔美国人特色.     

Quality of life in the evaluation of community support systems

As a result of the authors' experience in conducting an evaluation of the community support system (CSS) program in New York State, they have identified five reasons for focusing on quality of life (QOL) as a desired outcome for programs for the chronically ill. These reasons are presented and problems in QOL evaluative research are discussed. Psychological indicators are distinguished from social indicators of QOL, and two methods of operationalizing perceived QOL, the psychological well-being and life domains methods, are examined. A conceptual model is presented and the results of an exploratory study of the QOL of 118 chronic psychiatric patients receiving CSS services are presented.     

论形式自由与实际自由的二分——托克维尔、马克思、雷蒙·阿隆自由观比较

雷蒙·阿隆对自由概念的划分标志着人类对于自由问题认识的深化。其中形式自由中仍然涵盖了之前康德思辨自由概念注重形式合法性的因素,而实际自由则是在此基础上对自由问题的一种升华与现实化、具体化,马克思的贡献就在于沿着托克维尔这种现实化、具体化的方向走到了极致。而雷蒙·阿隆相比于马克思则又表现出了向传统自由观回归的明确倾向。与托克维尔相比,他的自由观中有了更多的现实主义考虑,而不再局限于像传统哲学那样将自由的所谓先天形式置于绝对优先的地位。     

Residual life estimation based on bivariate Wiener degradation process with time-scale transformations

The issue of residual life (RL) estimation plays an important role for products while they are in use, especially for expensive and reliability-critical products. For many products, they may have two or more performance characteristics (PCs). Here, an adaptive method of RL estimation based on bivariate Wiener degradation process with time-scale transformations is presented. It is assumed that a product has two PCs, and that each PC is governed by a Wiener process with a time-scale transformation. The dependency of PCs is characterized by the Frank copula function. Parameters are estimated by using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Once new degradation information is available, the RL is re-estimated in an adaptive manner. A numerical example about fatigue cracks is given to demonstrate the usefulness and validity of the proposed method.