基于资产配置的损失厌恶效用参数研究

利用单期经济环境中具有损失厌恶效用的投资者的资产配置问题分析了Kahneman和Tversky提出的前景理论中损失厌恶效用的曲率参数和损失厌恶系数的取值范围及其之间的关系,得出两个曲率参数α,β不相等,且β大于α;同时发现损失厌恶系数λ的下界不是固定不变的,而是随着市场环境的变化而改变;投资于风险资产的比例是曲率参数β,α之差的函数,并随着β-α增加而增加.本文使用中国股票市场的收益数据对理论分析进行了实证检验,实证结果与理论分析结果基本一致,并发现中国市场下的损失厌恶系数下界远小于英美等发达国家市场.     

渐消记忆型自适应线性回归模型参数估计算法及应用

本文讨论了根据经济信息的不断更新,调整原有线性回归模型的必要性,介绍了一种渐消记忆型自适应线性回归模型参数估计算法,并给出了应用实例.     

多响应稳健参数设计的贝叶斯建模与优化

针对多响应稳健参数设计问题,在贝叶斯统计建模的框架下,结合质量损失函数和后验概率方法构建了一种新的优化模型.该方法不仅运用后验概率方法评估了各响应落在规格限内的期望概率(即优化结果的可靠性),而且运用质量损失函数度量了多变量过程的稳健性.此外,进一步地结合实例讨论了期望概率对优化结果的影响、联合概率与边缘概率之间的关系以及如何获得质量损失与后验概率之间的最佳平衡点.研究结果表明:所提方法能够在优化过程中较好地兼顾多元过程的稳健性和优化结果的可靠性,从而为实现多响应稳健参数设计提供了各方面(如多元过程的稳健性、优化结果的可靠性)均较满意的优化结果.     

无穷直线上含参变未知函数的Hilbert问题

给出了一类参变未知函数Hilbert问题的数学提法,依据解析函数边值问题的经典理论,讨论了此边值问题的可解性条件,给出了该问题的可解性定理.     

State estimation for nonlinear state-space transmission models of tuberculosis

Given the high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and the mortality rate associated with the disease, numerous models, such as the Gammaitoni and Nucci (GN) model, were developed to model the risk of transmission. These models typically rely on a quanta generation rate as a measurement of infectivity. Since the quanta generation rate cannot be measured directly, the unique contribution of this work is to develop state estimators to estimate the quanta generation rate from available measurements. To estimate the quanta generation rate, the GN model is adapted into an augmented single-room GN model and a simplified two-room GN model. Both models are shown to be observable, i.e., it is theoretically possible to estimate the quanta generation rate given available measurements. Kalman filters are used to estimate the quanta generation rate. First, a continuous-time extended Kalman filter is used for both adapted models using a simulation and measurement sampling rate of 60 s. Accurate quanta generate rate estimates are achieved in both cases. A more realistic scenario is also considered with a measurement sampling rate of one day. For these estimates, a hybrid extended Kalman filter (HEKF) is used. Accurate quanta generation rate estimates are achieved for the more realistic scenario. Future work could potentially use the HEKFs, the adapted models, and real-time measurements in a control system feedback loop to reduce the transmission of TB in confined spaces such as hospitals.     

Estimation for change point of discretely observed ergodic diffusion processes

We treat the change point problem in ergodic diffusion processes from discrete observations. Tonaki et al. (2021a) proposed adaptive tests for detecting changes in the diffusion and drift parameters in ergodic diffusion process models. When any change in the diffusion or drift parameter is detected by this or any other method, the next question to consider is where the change point is located. Therefore, we propose the method to estimate the change point of the parameter for two cases: the case where there is a change in the diffusion parameter, and the case where there is no change in the diffusion parameter but a change in the drift parameter. Furthermore, we present rates of convergence and distributional results of the change point estimators. Some examples and simulation results are also given.     

Asymptotic Efficiency in Parametric Structural Models with Parameter‐Dependent Support

In certain auction, search, and related models, the boundary of the support of the observed data depends on some of the parameters of interest. For such nonregular models, standard asymptotic distribution theory does not apply. Previous work has focused on characterizing the nonstandard limiting distributions of particular estimators in these models. In contrast, we study the problem of constructing efficient point estimators. We show that the maximum likelihood estimator is generally inefficient, but that the Bayes estimator is efficient according to the local asymptotic minmax criterion for conventional loss functions. We provide intuition for this result using Le Cam's limits of experiments framework.     

Estimation of Continuous‐Time Markov Processes Sampled at Random Time Intervals

We introduce a family of generalized‐method‐of‐moments estimators of the parameters of a continuous‐time Markov process observed at random time intervals. The results include strong consistency, asymptotic normality, and a characterization of standard errors. Sampling is at an arrival intensity that is allowed to depend on the underlying Markov process and on the parameter vector to be estimated. We focus on financial applications, including tick‐based sampling, allowing for jump diffusions, regime‐switching diffusions, and reflected diffusions.     

估计灰色Verhulst模型参数的LS-SVM方法及应用

估计灰色Verhulst模型中的参数通常采用最小二乘法，这种基于大样本理论的经验风险最小化方法无法保证小样本预测下模型的推广性能.为提高灰色Verhulst模型的预测精度，本文提出了基于LS-SVM算法估计模型参数的方法.首先根据Verhulst灰色差分方程的特点，通过构造以背景值序列和原始序列为训练样本的LS-SVM模型，将一维样本空间里的Verhulst模型转化为一个二维特征空间里的LS-SVM模型，进而将Verhulst模型的灰参数的估计问题转化为一个LS-SVM模型的回归系数估计问题.然后通过核函数构造法，结合模型特点合理构造了LS-SVM模型的核函数，基于LS-SVM算法求解回归系数，进而得到Verhulst模型的参数估计.实验结果表明该方法是可行的有效的，可保证Verhulst模型具有良好推广性，相比于传统参数估计方法本文预测精度更高.     

气流纺开清棉工艺初步探讨

为适应气流纺所使用的低级原棉紧缺的状况,减少纺纱成本,从气流纺配棉和工艺参数调整方面入手,对气流纺开清棉工艺作了分析、改进,更好地实现了利用气流纺设备纺中号、粗号纱,取得了良好经济效益.