The public and private purposes of case records

Social welfare agencies have official reasons and requirements for the construction of case records. Sociologists have detected a set of unofficial reasons that shape case records in practice. This paper suggests that case records that record the lives of children in child welfare systems are written, inter alia, to deny the failure of interventions, to justify the refusal to serve “bad clients,” and to justify the decision to extend hegemony over “good” clients.     

The social “R & D” paradigm in child and youth services: Building knowledge convivially

Adaptation of agricultural and industrial research and development models offers new methods for bridging the worlds of research and practice in child and youth services. Social R & D methodologies provide effective means for generating new social technologies because they are product oriented and use a wide array of traditional and nontraditional data sources. This article discusses one social R & D paradigm—Developmental Research and Utilization. Permanency planning and community support systems research are used to illustrate the past and potential application of this methodology to the field of child and youth services.     

Food security, consumption diversification and foreign exchange balances in Indonesia: Results from a multi-commodity simulation

Many countries adopt economic development strategies, within which an important element is the maintenance of low and stable food prices. In Indonesia, this is achieved principally through government subsidies to consumers of imported rice, the total cost of which fluctuates considerably from year to year, depending on world price movements and domestic production performance. Higher and possibly less stable domestic food prices appear inevitable in Indonesia, however, as the spectre of reduced oil revenues increases the government's concern with the cost of its food policy. Results from a stochastic simulation model of the agricultural sector show that the food price risk to which consumers and producers would be exposed in the absence of the stabilizing component of Indonesia's food policy would be considerable, rendering this component an unlikely area for significant change. A viable policy option appears to be the continuance of rice and wheat price stabilization, but with a graduated increase in the relative price of rice, reaching a total of 10% by 1985. Such a policy could result in net self-sufficiency in foreign exchange from staple food trade by 1990 and an improvement in aggregate economic surplus, although the expected decade improvement in food-energy consumption per capita would fall from 10% to 8%.     

唐代文殊信仰兴盛的政治背景

文殊信仰在唐代达到顶峰与王权推动有直接关系。从政治角度入手探析其在唐代兴盛的原因。首先,唐初开放性的宗教政策促进了佛教的发展,为其兴盛奠定先机;其次,皇室对文殊道场的推崇在全国范围内强化了文殊信仰的传播和深入;再次,武则天的支持使文殊信仰盛行全国;最后,具护国护王性质的密教文殊信仰顺应"安史之乱"之后的政治需求,获得代宗朝的全力支持而达到信仰顶峰。     

《论法的精神》的研究方法

本着“让存在自己显现自身”的现象学释义学精神。以“方法是主客体的中介 ,是概念的内在规定和对象的原则”作为指导 ,阐发《论法的精神》所贯穿的“整体的、历史的、比较的实证研究方法”。这一方法使孟德斯鸠与古典自然学派区别开来 ,由此对“孟德斯鸠属于自然法学派”的传统观点提出质疑     

论南宋浙东学派的军事思想

南宋浙东学派的学者们 ,在国家陷于分裂 ,民族处于危难之际 ,参考、研究古人用兵的进退得失 ,分析历史 ,立足现实 ,提出了丰富的军事理论 ,为实现国家的统一、百姓免于战火 ,提供了宝贵的借鉴。本文试从他们的战争观及其如何运用军事战略战术两个方面来论述其军事思想。     

近代"社会契约论"的主要思想来源

近代“社会契约论”对国家性质的解释虽然武断但却是成功的。从理论上分析近代“社会契约论”的思想来源无疑对认识其真正的价值有着深刻的意义。我们认为 ,伊壁鸠鲁的“原子”的“社会契约论”为近代的国家起源理论提供了一个范式 ,而斯多葛派的自然法为近代的国家起源理论提供了系统的理论基础。近代“社会契约论”以斯多葛派自然法理论为基础 ,以伊壁鸠鲁的“社会契约论”为范式 ,建立了一个以人的独立性与人的普遍性相结合的理性世界。     

传统德治主义的几点思考

德治的理念孕育于夏商,诞生在西周初年.春秋战国时期传到民间后,经过儒家学派的阐释和发展,演变成为一种系统的政治理论.汉武帝罢黜百家、独尊儒术,传统德治主义重又回到官方哲学的地位上,遂成为后世封建政治的指导思想之一.这样一个发展演变过程,事实上成为古代社会政治文明进步的标尺之一.德治本是一种治国方法,后来拓展到社会职司的本质层次上.以德治国要求统治阶级明德慎罚,教化先行;要求他们以身作则,不懈于治;要求他们勤劳民事,以民为本,然而这些要求都是从主体方面提出来的.被治理对象--广大人民群众在传统德治主义中的主动地位是不存在的.缺乏来自于下层人民群众的参与,没有一个有力的法律监督机制做保障,这是传统德治主义实践失败的根本原因之所在.     

千年学府精神追寻--南宋时期岳麓书院"忠孝廉节"校训诠释

岳麓书院"忠孝廉节"校训,是南宋时期岳麓著名主教张栻确定的,由著名思想家朱熹亲书于讲堂.以此明确地把"忠孝廉节"奉为校训,并作为办学的重要教育理念,这在中国教育史上是罕见的.它集中地体现了对人性的关怀和以德育人的精神.