高校知识工作者的激励模型及模糊综合评价

知识经济下,高校作为知识传授和创新的桥头堡,如何极大地激励高校知识工作者的创新潜能和科教热情,成为中国高校的一大难题。本文在几种激励理论的基础之上,提出高校知识工作者的激励模型,并对其建立了模糊综合评价模型,为制定高校知识工作者的激励政策提供有用的依据。     

旅游服务补救质量的综合模糊评价方法探讨

旅游服务补救是目前旅游服务的一个重要组成部分,对旅游服务补救质量进行合理、客观的评价具有很大的应用价值。本文综合运用层次分析和模糊数学的评价模型构建了服务补救评价指标体系,对服务补救质量进行量化分析,并实证检验了该评价方法,研究结果可以有效地指导旅游企业改进服务质量管理。     

顾客价值及其评估方法研究

本文从经济价值、物理价值和心理价值三个方面对顾客价值进行了界定,基于顾客价值的这三个方面非线性相关的假设,顾客价值可以看成是一个由这三个维度构成的价值空间中的矢量。作为一种顾客感知的价值,很难对顾客价值进行精确计量。因此,本文采用模糊数学的方法,在对目标消费者进行调查的基础上,分别对经济价值、功能价值和心理价值进行模糊评价,从而确定顾客价值矢量的大小和方向。     

A fuzzy set approach for R&D portfolio selection using a real options valuation model

Making R&D portfolio decision is difficult, because long lead times of R&D and market and technology dynamics lead to unavailable and unreliable collected data for portfolio management. The objective of this research is to develop a fuzzy R&D portfolio selection model to hedge against the R&D uncertainty. Fuzzy set theory is applied to model uncertain and flexible project information. Since traditional project valuation methods often underestimate the risky project, a fuzzy compound-options model is used to evaluate the value of each R&D project. The R&D portfolio selection problem is formulated as a fuzzy zero–one integer programming model that can handle both uncertain and flexible parameters to determine the optimal project portfolio. A new transformation method based on qualitative possibility theory is developed to convert the fuzzy portfolio selection model into a crisp mathematical model from the risk-averse perspective. The transformed model can be solved by an optimization technique. An example is used to illustrate the proposed approach. We conclude that the proposed approach can assist decision makers in selecting suitable R&D portfolios, while there is a lack of reliable project information.     

基于MATLAB语言仿真的自动舵模糊控制系统

论述了一种基于MATLAB语言的自动舵模糊控制仿真系统,通过MATLAB语言中SIMULINK模块和模糊控制工具箱实现自动舵模糊控制仿真。实践证明,该方法具有效率高、实用性强的特点。     

Dynamic Benchmarks for Operations Evaluation Using Soft Computing Methods*

New dynamic benchmarks are developed as performance metrics for operational activities in the ingot mill of an aluminium smelter. This new type of high-level performance measure enables both a systematic and a holistic appraisal of operations performance that is not possible at present. The benchmarks also allow changes in performance of each distinct resource group to be clearly identified. The method for computing such measures is based on a wide range of shop-floor data, and possibility theory is used to model the soft characteristics of much of the input. Fuzzy performance estimates are dynamically updated with special attention to combining the different forms of uncertainty that exist in the input information. Although these procedures are site specific, the methodology is applicable to other types of manufacturing systems.     

THE INVESTIGATION OF COST VARIANCES: A FUZZY SET THEORY APPROACH*

In a standard costing system, deviations (variances) of actual cost from standard cost should be investigated in order to help management identify the causes of the variances and who is responsible for them before corrective actions are taken. In reality, however, actual cost rarely equals standard cost and so many variances occur that it is impractical and uneconomical to investigate all of them. These two conflicting factors—the necessity of investigating cost variances and the impracticality of investigating all the variances—present management with the problem of deciding which variances to investigate. In this paper a model, based on fuzzy set theory, for the cost-variance investigation is proposed and applied to an actual investigation problem faced by a manufacturing company.     

The role of professional judgement in social work assessment: a comparison between Norway and England

ABSTRACT

Good quality assessment has a significant role to play in contributing to better outcomes for children in need of protection, so it is important to understand what supports best practice. This paper focuses on the role of professional judgement in assessment, and compares two very different national approaches. In England, governmental responses to perceived failings in the child protection system have led to a highly proceduralised and bureaucratised system and a corresponding down playing of the role of professional judgement. In Norway, professional discretion and judgement have been seen as key to the assessment process, and governmental response to criticism of child protection practice has been to support their use through provision of increased resources. However, too much emphasis on professional judgement and too little procedure may be as problematic as the reverse [Report of Auditor General of Norway. (2012). Document 3:15. Norway: Fagbokforlaget]. So this paper explores the different ways in which professional judgement is understood and addressed in each system and asks what we can learn from them in terms of best assessment practice. Acknowledging child protection as a ‘wicked problem’, we propose a model of Grounded Professional Judgement based on notions of epistemic responsibility and accountability to support the exercise of professional judgement in situations of uncertainty.     

Fuzzy clustering of probability density functions

Basing on L¹-distance and representing element of cluster, the article proposes new three algorithms in Fuzzy Clustering of probability density Functions (FCF). They are hierarchical approach, non-hierarchical approach and the algorithm to determine the optimal number of clusters and the initial partition matrix to improve the qualities of established clusters in non-hierarchical approach. With proposed algorithms, FCF has more advantageous than Non-fuzzy Clustering of probability density Functions. These algorithms are applied for recognizing images from Texture and Corel database and practical problem about studying and training marks of students at an university. Many Matlab programs are established for computation in proposed algorithms. These programs are not only used to compute effectively the numerical examples of this article but also to be applied for many different realistic problems.     

A New Kid in Town? Active Inclusion Elements in European Minimum Income Schemes

This article assesses the current variation in activation strategies directed towards able‐bodied persons of working age relying on a minimum income guarantee in 19 EU member states. First, we argue that the active inclusion notion developed by the European Commission in its Recommendation on the active inclusion of persons excluded from the labour market provides a useful tool to categorize current activation strategies towards minimum income protection (MIP) recipients. Consequently, we assess the empirical viability of active inclusion strategies in a fuzzy set ideal type analysis of purpose‐collected institutional data. We find that there are only few countries where the activation discourse has remained a dead letter. Most countries implement policy measures that aim to discourage benefit dependency among MIP recipients. Nevertheless, behind the realities of activation strategies towards MIP recipients seldom lies the notion of active inclusion as defined by the European Commission. Particularly, many countries focus predominantly on incentives to increase labour market participation rates of MIP recipients, rather than enabling measures.