Manufacturing Proactiveness and Performance*

Since Skinner's [40] landmark article depicting the manufacturing function as the “missing link” in corporate strategic processes, a portion of the blame for inferior performance in many firms has been attributed to the subordinate strategic position of manufacturing. It has been argued that part of the solution to misalignments between the capabilities possessed by manufacturing and the requirements dictated by customers is for manufacturing to take a more proactive stance. However, little research has been reported which examines manufacturing proactiveness empirically. In this paper, we address this gap by developing an operational definition of manufacturing proactiveness and testing empirically whether a link exists between proactiveness and performance based on data collected from a sample of manufacturers. Based on the manufacturing strategy literature, we identify two major dimensions of manufacturing proactiveness: (1) the degree of manufacturing's involvement in the strategic processes of the business unit; and (2) the degree of commitment to a long-term program of investments in manufacturing structure and infrastructure aimed at building capabilities in anticipation of their need. We develop reliable scales for measuring each of the dimensions of proactiveness and use the data to provide evidence of a clear link between manufacturing proactiveness and business performance. We show that investments in structural programs coupled with either high levels of manufacturing involvement in strategic processes or planned investments in infrastructural programs correlate with higher than average performance.     

传播学视野下师生有效交往的现实理路

教师与学生是制约学校教育有效性的两个重要影响因素。师生能否有效交往的基础在于主体间性的实现。传播学理论中传播的本质、概念、传播载体及传播模式昭示着传者和受者之间的信息传播是主体间非常有效的一种交往态势。因此,在构建师生有效交往的现实理路上可以借鉴和创新信息传播的模式,具体表现为三个方面：突破传统的教学过程,向生活世界延伸;改变独白的话语体系,向对话理解转型;消除单行叙事方式,迁延出整体互动格局。     

论高校思想政治理论课权威的建设

高校思想政治理论课是当前我国宣传思想工作的重要载体,思想政治理论课需要获得社会的尊重并树立自身的权威。随着我国社会政治文化的发展,过去建构在权力基础上的高校思想政治理论课强制性权威受到了挑战与质疑,出现了功能弱化趋势,如理论权威的弱化、课程权威的弱化、学科权威的弱化与组织权威的弱化等。新时期,高校思想政治理论课应注重自觉性权威的建设,如道德表率权威、知识蕴涵权威、价值判断权威与表达方式权威等等,同时坚持强制性权威与自觉性权威的辩证统一,才能发挥其价值引领的重要阵地作用。     

供应链中双重混合渠道分销的价格竞争及均衡分析

分销渠道决策是企业能否将产品送达市场并获利的决定因素,因此,分销渠道一直是商家的必争之地。随着网络及信息技术的快速发展,渠道之争也跃进到了虚拟分销渠道之上。本文针对制造商与零售商同时具有实体与网络两种分销渠道的双重混合分销渠道结构模式,分别基于分散控制和集中控制两种情况建立博弈模型,研究了制造商与零售商的价格竞争策略。最后通过数值实验分析了不同条件下制造商与零售商的均衡价格、销售量及利润的变化趋势,并得出了具有启发性结论。     

考虑排放许可与交易的生产优化

本文旨在研究排放许可与交易机制对排放依赖性企业生产策略的影响。生产商可通过三种渠道获得排放许可:政府配额、市场交易和净化处理,并在不同渠道间取得平衡。本文分析了净化处理成本的特点,分别对确定净化水平与可控净化水平情况展开讨论,建立企业生产优化模型,得到了有排放限额下的最优生产策略。通过分析模型,得到了优先选择净化处理的充分必要条件,即"存在净化空间";此外还证实了最优策略的唯一存在性。最后通过数值分析说明了本文模型的应用,并采用灵敏度分析对参数影响加以分析。     

中国企业战略管理行为的情景嵌入式研究

伴随着中国经济的迅速崛起和中国企业的巨大需要,国内战略学者急需增加自信和采取更加符合中国实际的研究视角.根据中国经济转型所表现出的渐进性、分权式和试验性的特点及其对中国企业经营环境和战略行为的影响,强调应该对转型期中国企业战略管理行为进行情景嵌入式的研究,重点分析制度影响、共同演化和例外企业,从而使我国战略学者在知识创新和指导实践2个方面实现根本性的提升.     

多标度条件下资本市场波动的级串方向和结构

对上证综指多标度条件下波动级串方向和结构的实证研究发现,在4days临界标度范围内,大小波动间互为因果;超出临界标度,大小波动间表现出单方向性特征.运用交叉相关系数和功率谱方法从相关性和能量耗散2个角度对多标度波动级串传递方向的分析同样显示,在101～103min的3个数量级广泛标度范围内,大波动对于小波动具有较强预测能力,波动级串结构表现出大波动影响小波动变化的单方向特征.在此基础上,提出了4类"递进"的资本市场波动级串模型及其运用于风险管理的基本思路.     

The moderating effects of home region orientation on R&D investment and international SME performance: Lessons from Korea

Drawing from the resource-based view, we investigate how firm and country combinations affect international SME performance. Using a sample of 2676 international Korean SMEs, we explore the relationships among SME R&D investment, home region orientation and financial performance. Results show that R&D investment has a horizontally inverted S-shaped relationship with performance reflecting cost leadership, stuck in the middle, and differentiation strategies. We also find that a home region orientation moderates the relationship between R&D investment and performance. Home region orientation positively moderates the relationship when R&D investment reflects cost leadership or differentiation but negatively moderates a stuck in the middle strategy.     

Why good practice of OR is not enough—Ethical challenges for the OR practitioner

This paper develops the idea that following rules of good OR practice is necessary, but not sufficient for ethical OR. Several challenges of introducing ethical aspects into OR are discussed, evidencing difficulties and ambiguities in the relationship to be established between the OR practitioner and his/her clients, decision-makers or stakeholders. It shows that neither analysis nor modelling work nor the choice of analytical tools is entirely ethically neutral; incomparability, incommensurability and incertitude must be dealt with. The purpose of this article is to detail several difficulties or dilemmas an OR practitioner may be confronted with in the course of his or her assignment. In such situations, following rules of good practice may not be sufficient to indicate how to act in a morally good way. This paper aims at stimulating reflection by structuring the debate; it may leave the reader unsettled—unsettlement being a result and even aim of many discussions in moral philosophy.     

管理科学与工程学科基金项目资助和SCI论文发表情况分析

系统地统计了2003～2008年国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学部管理科学与工程学科面上项目和青年项目受资助的总体情况,分析了各个子学科类别的资助状况和发表SCI论文情况,同时分析比较了国家"十一五"与"十五"期间的资助项目情况和发表SCI论文数量情况,找出其中存在的问题并对其原因进行了分析.最后,依据国家自然科学基金"十一五"发展战略,提出今后国家自然科学基金资助策略和建议.