Probability Generating Function Based Jeffrey's Divergence for Statistical Inference

Statistical inference procedures based on transforms such as characteristic function and probability generating function have been examined by many researchers because they are much simpler than probability density functions. Here, a probability generating function based Jeffrey's divergence measure is proposed for parameter estimation and goodness-of-fit test. Being a member of the M-estimators, the proposed estimator is consistent. Also, the proposed goodness-of-fit test has good statistical power. The proposed divergence measure shows improved performance over existing probability generating function based measures. Real data examples are given to illustrate the proposed parameter estimation method and goodness-of-fit test.     

An Improved Distribution-free EWMA Mean Chart

Control charts are effective tools for signal detection in both manufacturing processes and service processes. Much service data come from a process with variables having nonnormal or unknown distributions. The commonly used Shewhart variable control charts, which depend heavily on the normality assumption, should not be properly used here. In this article, we propose an improved asymmetric EWMA mean chart based on a simple statistic to monitor process mean shift. We explored the sampling properties of the new monitoring statistic and calculated the average run lengths of the proposed asymmetric EWMA mean chart. We recommend the proposed improved asymmetric EWMA mean chart because the average run lengths of the modified charts are more accurate and reasonable than those of the five existed mean charts. A numerical example of service times with a right skewed distribution from a service system of a bank branch is used to illustrate the application of the improved asymmetric EWMA mean chart and to compare it with the five existing mean charts. The proposed chart showed better detection performance than those of the five existing mean charts in monitoring and detecting shifts in the process mean.     

中庸与中道思想比较研究

中国的孔子和古希腊的亚里士多德在相似的历史时期提出了共同的中庸和中道思想,对世界文化思想的发展均产生了重大影响.在我们建设全面小康、构建和谐社会的今天,有必要从其产生的历史背景、含义、内容、实现途径以及各自对后世的影响这些方面对这一人类思想史上的优秀成果进行剖析,以充分吸收这一思想的精华,古为今用,洋为中用.     

Generalized estimator of population mean by using conventional and non-conventional measures in the presence of measurement errors

In survey research, it is assumed that reported response by the individual is correct. However, given the issues of prestige bias, self-respect, respondent's reported data often produces estimated values which are highly deviated from the true values. This causes measurement error (ME) to be present in the sample estimates. In this article, the estimation of population mean in the presence of measurement error using information on a single auxiliary variable is studied. A generalized estimator of population mean is proposed. The class of estimators is obtained by using some conventional and non-conventional measures. Simulation and numerical study is also conducted to assess the performance of estimators in the presence and absence of measurement error.     

MSE performance of the weighted average estimators consisting of shrinkage estimators when each individual regression coefficient is estimated

In this paper, we analytically derive the exact formula for the mean squared error (MSE) of two weighted average (WA) estimators for each individual regression coefficient. Further, we execute numerical evaluations to investigate small sample properties of the WA estimators, and compare the MSE performance of the WA estimators with the other shrinkage estimators and the usual OLS estimator. Our numerical results show that (1) the WA estimators have smaller MSE than the other shrinkage estimators and the OLS estimator over a wide region of parameter space; (2) the range where the relative MSE of the WA estimator is smaller than that of the OLS estimator gets narrower as the number of explanatory variables k increases.     

论明清世情小说的宗教文化与婚丧习俗

明清世情小说以描写日常生活为主要特点,其中蕴含了丰富的文化内涵,在一定程度上可补经史之不足,《金瓶梅》与《红楼梦》堪为其中代表.二书中涉及宗教文化的描写带有鲜明的世俗化倾向,反映出当时民间信仰与实用功利的关系,同时塑造了不少逐利鄙俗的师尼僧道形象,亦是当时释道逐渐衰落的真实写照.而与人物家庭相关的婚丧习俗也是小说的重要组成部分,书中各种形态的婚事描写、完整周详的丧礼叙述等,均反映出明清时期真实的社会风气.     

“黄粱梦”故事的沧海与桑田--“黄粱梦”故事流变考

“黄粱梦”最早的故事雏形出现在战国时期的《列子》中,至南朝刘义庆的《幽明录·焦湖庙祝》,形成了黄粱梦故事的基本框架。其成形以唐沈既济的《枕中记》为标志。及至宋末,黄粱梦故事的两大亚型：吕洞宾度卢生和钟离权度吕洞宾的黄粱梦逐渐形成。后黄粱梦故事转入民间,形成了民间的黄粱梦《睡公卢英》。在流传过程中,文人与民间构成了黄粱梦故事演变的两种重要力量。     

《金色笔记》与莱辛的女权主义思想

《金色笔记》中的女主人公们具有强烈的女性意识,渴望独立与自由,但处于以男权文化为中心的社会中,她们会不可避免地陷入某种生存困境;男女间的世界其实不应对立,而应是相辅相成的;妇女解放是全世界进步中的一个问题,只能随着其它问题的解决而逐步解决。作者多丽丝.莱辛不能说是旗帜鲜明的女权主义者,但确是一位有着独特的女权主义思想和明确的女性意识的作家。     

此“误”绵绵无绝期——从《金锁记》到《怨女》

由于某些大师对张爱玲《金锁记》的推崇,使得文学史对张爱玲作品风格的书写,出现了一些误导。当大家把《金锁记》当作张爱玲的代表作时,其实在一定意义上已经背离了张爱玲创作的自觉追求。从《金锁记》到《怨女》,这样的改写,正是张爱玲对自己创作的自觉追求的重申。     

孔子“仁学”的三个层次

孔子“仁学”的三个层次包括仁之情感、仁之理性和仁之规范。仁之情感是指仁作为一种具有博爱精神的人文主义情怀,它由亲人及大众,由社会及自然,在具有广泛性的同时又具有层次性。仁之理性是指仁作为根本的道德原则,其基本内容是“己欲立而立人,己欲达而达人”和“己所不欲,勿施于人”。仁之规范是指仁作为相对具体的行为准则,主要包括“义”、“礼”和“中庸”。