Covid-19 in Central America: Firm resilience and policy responses on employment

This paper examines how government support interacts with firm-level resilience capabilities in the reduction of layoffs among formal firms in Central America. Our analysis suggests that government support measures play a role in reducing the probability of layoffs among firms with only dynamic resilience capabilities (i.e., those that are developed after the pandemic onset). The effect of government support is not statistically different from the effect of static resilience capabilities alone (i.e., those that were present before the pandemic); thus, in firms with such capabilities, the effect of government support will be marginal. These results hold across sectors - exhibiting a marginally higher treatment effect in service sectors. Our results do not imply that Covid-19 supportive measures are to be disregarded, but instead raise the question of how government support policies could improve the allocation of support among firms in times of crises. Moreover, it underlines the necessity of policies that enhance resilience more broadly – a task that hints at structural issues and requires continuous government support in lieu of ad-hoc measures.     

流水不腐,户枢不蠹:创新型地方政府与经济高质量发展——基于僵尸企业的研究视角

本文采用文本分析法从政府工作报告中提炼出创新型地方政府的风格特征,在验证该量化方法合理性的基础上,以僵尸企业为研究切入点,以我国工业企业为研究样本,实证检验政府施政风格所扮演的角色。研究发现:当地方政府施政风格创新程度越高时,当地企业僵尸化程度越低。异质性检验还发现:创新型地方政府会更多地促进社会重要性相对较低的僵尸企业“脱僵”,减少这部分企业的僵尸化现象。本文研究对于探索新发展格局下如何转化政府职能、寻求经济增长新动力、实现经济高质量发展具有积极的实践意义。     

The Role of the Government in Addressing Social Issues in India: The Perceptions of Indian Undergraduate and Graduate Social Work Students

Using a convenience sample of 318 undergraduate and graduate social work students (193 women and 125 men) from a public university in India, this study examined the differences between Indian social work students' perceptions toward the role of government in addressing social issues in India. Using Predictive Analytics Software (PASW) 18, several statistical procedures were conducted to analyze the relationship between social work students' demographic variables and their perceptions of the government's role in addressing social issues in India. The results indicated that older social work students were more likely to perceive that the government should ensure equal opportunities for citizens. Female social work students were more likely to perceive that the government should ensure housing for citizens. BSW students were more likely to perceive that the government should ensure employment of citizens. Macro social work students were more likely to perceive that the government should ensure equal opportunities, housing, food, employment, and health insurance for citizens. The findings of this study may help social work educational administrators and faculty in India to develop a curriculum that provides social work students with the opportunity to critically examine the complex relationship between age, gender, marital status, number of children, socioeconomic status, educational status, area of concentration, and the role of the government in addressing social issues. Doing so will prepare social work students and professionals to think and engage in a manner that will allow them to challenge and advocate for a change to the status quo.     

美国政府救助无家可归儿童的机构、职能及运作分析

美国作为联邦制国家,其联邦、州及地方各级政府的权力分配是影响公共救助事业的关键因素。在无家可归儿童救助领域,美国各级政府建立起权责明确的职能部门,并通过项目管理的模式,形成了联邦政府主导、州与地方政府协调管理、非营利组织具体执行的分工协作式的无家可归儿童救助系统。美国政府在无家可归儿童救助事务方面的机构设置、项目运作、成效评估等几方面的经验值得我国在建设流浪儿童救助体系时学习借鉴。     

Testing Wagner's Law in India: A cointegration and causality analysis

The present study empirically analyzes the validity of Wagner's Law for Indian economy. With the use of annual time series data from 1970–71 to 2013–14, all the six versions of Wagner's Law have been analyzed to test the relationship between government expenditure and gross domestic product. Wagner's Law states that the economic growth is the causative factor of the growth of the public expenditure. The study applied the unit root test and cointegration test to find the long-run relationship between government expenditure and gross domestic product. The present study employed the various econometric techniques such as unit root test, cointegration, and causality analysis for empirical analysis. The empirical analysis under study inferred mixed results of Wagner's Law for Indian economy, where four versions, namely Peacock, Gupta, Guffman, and Musgrave, found valid for Indian economy. The study concluded that the Wagner's Law is valid for the Indian economy except the Pryor and Mann Versions of the Wagner's Law.     

试论五代十国时期南方诸国家室内争的发生原因

试论五代十国时期南方诸国宗室内争的发生原因@何灿浩$宁波大学文学院!浙江宁波315211~~     

略论政府建筑供给——公共管理的话语分析

政府建筑是一项间接消费型公共物品,亦是政府形象的重要体现,因而在公共管理语境中,其供给和设计必须既能够通过完善监督机制、引入民营化模式以及革新官员非理性心理等途径体现出效率的诉求,同时更应在地理布局、建筑风格与审美情趣等方面努力嵌入一度为传统公共行政和政府建筑所弃绝的公平、民主和参与价值.     

The electronic face of government in the internet age: borrowing from Murray Edelman

The issue of legitimation by political elites has been a central concern of political scientists for many years. This article draws upon the work of Murray Edelman who was instrumental in analysing this relationship between rulers and ruled, the relatively powerful and relatively powerless, through an understanding of language, symbolism and the manipulation of information. It concludes with the contention that the Internet offers the prospect for governments to create new 'electronic faces', which act to support a symbolic architecture of power.     

抗日战争时期国民政府难民移垦政策研究

抗日战争时期的难民问题是一个重大的社会问题。国民政府以“寓救济于生产”为目的,于1938年至1939年,先后颁布《难民垦殖实施办法大纲》、《非常时期难民移垦规则》和《非常时期难民移垦条例》,制定了难民移垦政策,力图通过建立垦区、垦社,将难民移送到后方开垦荒地的方式来实现救济,增加生产。总体看来,抗日战争时期的难民移垦政策是国民政府救济制度的一大改进,体现了社会救济主体的转变和国民政府救难重心的转移,也为战时西部地区的生产建设作了贡献。     

当前社区建设中乡镇政府与社区互动关系剖析

理顺乡镇政府与社区之间的关系是社区建设与发展的关键，构建一种正确、合理，的关系是当前社会各界关注的焦点，本文将从二者当前的互动关系着手，深入剖析当前社区建设与发展中政府的角色与功能，并探讨建立一种合理有效的政府与社区关系。