大革命时期农民协会与当今村民自治在制度层面的比较研究

通过对大革命时期农民协会与当今村民自治制度及村民委员会在制度层面上进行比较研究,系统分析二者在产生背景、组织机构、人员构成及具体职能等方面的异同,试图为我国村民自治的发展探寻更好的范式和摹本。研究发现二者在＂对民主化的解读、社会化基础、组织层次、历史作用＂等方面存在差异。这些差异使我们深刻认识到：党的领导在农村基层治理中至关重要;农民在治理过程中的政治参与意义重大;治理须与相应时期的政治任务紧密结合。这些经验教训能够使我们更加深入地认清在建设社会主义新农村过程中如何进一步做好村级治理工作,更好地为建设中国特色社会主义新农村和中国特色社会主义社会服务。     

二元对立在《远大前程》中的体现

探讨《远大前程》中的三组主要的二元对立,分析作者对人性本真的肯定和对不切实际的幻想的否定,同时也通过二元对立的分析揭示了大英帝国的罪恶和对海外殖民地的掠夺的事实。     

德国魏玛时代失业问题探析

魏玛时期的失业问题伴随当时德国社会经济的发展呈现出明显的阶段性特征。第一个阶段是战后的初期阶段,魏玛德国的失业问题开始凸显,在恶性通货膨胀的影响下,失业规模在1923年底迅速扩大。第二个阶段是相对稳定时期,随着德国经济持续的发展,失业问题开始得到缓解。但20年代中期的"合理化运动"又导致德国出现了结构性失业和技术性失业,这两种长期性失业类型使德国的失业率居高不下。第三阶段是大萧条时期,经济大危机重创了魏玛德国的社会经济,再加上政府经济政策的失误和劳动人口结构的改变,严重失业问题直到共和国的崩溃也未能解决。     

中国共产党在大革命和土地革命时期对“三农”问题的探索

近代中国作为一个封建农业国家,农民问题是中国民主革命的基本问题。"三农"问题自共产党建党以来一直都是受到高度重视的。中国共产党在大革命时期掀起了轰轰烈烈的农民运动,在土地革命时期领导农民进行了土地革命的尝试,这些有益的尝试和探索为党日后政权的建立和稳定以及革命事业的成功打下了坚实的基础,对我们今天解决"三农"问题也有深刻的启示。     

论南疆民族地区跨越式发展的“三性

新疆的跨越式发展是实现与全国同步建成小康社会的战略选择,而南疆又是其重要的组成部分。南疆民族地区是指新疆天山以南的五地州,包括阿克苏、巴州、喀什、和田和克州,是以少数民族聚居为主体的区域。笔者主要是从南疆跨越式发展的逻辑性和现实性的角度进行分析,进而论证南疆跨越式发展的必然性。     

Industrial relations and adjustments to the crisis: A comparative micro‐statistical analysis of France and Great Britain

In this comparative study, the authors analyse the relationships between industrial relations and workforce or wage adjustments in response to the 2007–08 crisis, using two highly comparable establishment‐level surveys conducted in Great Britain (WERS) and France (REPONSE) in 2010–12. Notwithstanding contextual differences in the countries’ productive systems and the timing and impact of the crisis, the relationships between industrial relations and adjustment strategies appear to have been similar (trade union presence not preventing adjustments). Differences in industrial relations are therefore not found to provide an explanation for the different modes of adjustment observed at the macroeconomic level.     

论康有为《大同书》中的素质教育思想

康有为在《大同书》中提出针对人口不同年龄阶段的身心特点施以不同的教育引导,将大同社会的教育分为前后衔接的五阶段;他提倡五育并重,德育为先。康有为的素质教育思想体现出人本主义和新伦理主义的色彩,具有深远的人口学和教育学意义,对于我们当前提倡的素质教育仍具有可资借鉴的时代价值。     

Europe’s Role in China’s Transition to Superpower Status

What can Western powers do today to ease an eventual global power shift resulting from the rise of superpowers such as China? This paper suggests that part of the answer lies in the same power-binding institutions that allowed the US to rise post WWII without threatening its allies. Continuity in the rules of the global system during a great power transition would promote stability by reducing uncertainty, as well as the extent to which material power can be used coercively. I argue that current superpowers, the EU among them, have an interest in ensuring an equitable distribution of the gains from cooperation. While distributional issues are usually treated in normative terms, they take on very real, material meaning in the context of a great power transition. With this in mind, I look at three aspects of the current global institutional framework that would benefit from reform: international trade and aid, institutional design, and institutional proliferation. In all three cases, a more equal distribution of the gains from institutions today increases the odds that those institutional arrangements will remain in the future.     

Translation and factor analysis of structural models of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Serbian pregnant and postpartum women – Web-based study

BackgroundThe Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is well accepted for detecting symptoms of postnatal depression. The aim of this study was to examine psychometric properties and to evaluate structural models of the Serbian translation of EPDS in pregnant and postpartum women.MethodsThe original English version of the EPDS was translated into Serbian, and checked by means of back-translation. Data were collected via an anonymous online questionnaire posted on a Serbian website devoted to pregnancy topics. The study sample included 201 women (76 pregnant, 125 postpartum). The internal consistency of the scale was measured by Cronbach's α coefficient. Principal component analysis was used to determine scale dimensions while confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate model fit.FindingsCronbach α coefficient was 0.84 and 0.83 in pregnant and postpartum women, respectively, which indicated good internal consistency of the Serbian EPDS. Three dimensions of the scale were revealed in both groups of women. Goodness of fit indices described good and excellent model in pregnant and postpartum women, respectively. High level of depression symptoms (score ≥13) was recorded in 27.6% and 24.8% (p > 0.05) of pregnant and postpartum women, respectively. Moderate level of depression symptoms (score 10–12) was recorded in 21.1% and 16.8% (p > 0.05) of pregnant and postpartum women, respectively.ConclusionThe Serbian translation of the EPDS showed good consistency and good model characteristics in pregnant and postpartum women. However, cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity of the scale should be determined in the further studies with more representative samples of women.     

Sexual dysfunction predicts depressive symptoms during the first 2 years postpartum

Background

The association between sexual function and depression has yet to be examined in a prospective cohort study with prolonged postpartum follow-up.