Ethical dilemmas in evaluating programs with family court related clients

Two ethical dilemmas are discussed; breaching client confidentiality in order to intervene in the client's illegal behavior, and defining the role of evaluator as expert witness. The evaluation context concerns a combined program development and evaluation project with clients involved in family court proceedings for child abuse or neglect. Different perspectives, approaches, and experiences in resolving each dilemma are reviewed. The conclusion argues that approaches to ethical dilemmas in evaluation projects must go beyond techniques to disguise data, to include an assessment of the values and value commitments connected to the different roles an evaluator must perform.     

Gamesmanship for internal evaluators: Knowing when to “hold 'em” and when to “fold 'em”

This article discusses the ethical conflicts between an internal evaluator's altruistic social reform motivation and an organization's practical survival motivation. The internal evaluator might encounter (a) pressure to downplay negative and emphasize positive findings; (b) reinforcement for nonthreatening, routine evaluation activities; (c) greater interest in making the evaluation unit visible than in using evaluation results; or (d) reduced access to privileged information.     

Quantity and quality in evaluation research: A divergent view

Many researchers in evaluation and related fields are now attempting to synthesize quantitative and qualitative approaches. Certainly such efforts appear to carry great promise. However, there is reason to believe that the subtleties and genuine incompatibilities of these approaches are being overlooked. I illustrate some of these differences and subtleties and their implications for social inquiry.     

Changes in conjugal life in Canada: Is cohabitation progressively replacing marriage?

This article aims first to contrast the trends of marriage and cohabitation across different regions in Canada, and second, to assess whether cohabitation constitutes a new stage in the progression to marriage, or an alternative to marriage altogether. Based on various empirical demographic indicators, the analysis shows profound differences across the country. In Quebec, cohabiting unions are now widely accepted as forming the basis for family life, whereas they still largely constitute a childless prelude to marriage elsewhere in Canada. The authors discuss the role of different religious and cultural backgrounds, and of recent changes in the relationships between men and women, in accounting for the divergent evolution observed.     

建筑材料课的教学

本文从建筑材料课程的特点入手,分析教学实践中发现的问题,提出适合职业学校学生掌握本课程的教学方法,特别强调实际工程案例在教学中的运用。     

第二语言基础阶段习得机智探讨

语言首先是符号,无论是表音符号还是表义符号。音义本身本来也是符号,只不过在标记音义的符号诞生前没有具体的符号去标注声音和记述其意义罢了。因此,从符号表注语音和语义的角度看,第二语言的习得过程,尤其是第二语言基础阶段习得过程有一定的共同规律可循。本文试图从这一角度出发,探索第二语言基础阶段习得机智,并将“语言”这一概念的内涵发展,以提高第二语言基础阶段学习的效率。     

浅析张爱玲作品中的陌生化表现手法

本文运用俄国形式主义的文艺理论分析了张爱玲的作品,分析了其中比喻的精彩运用、一些典型人物形象典型生活情节的异化及情节的跌宕起伏这三种陌生化的表现手法,为进一步研究张爱玲的作品的文学性和艺术性提供了又一方法。     

一个生化反应模型的极限环唯一性

本文研究了一个仅为两个种类细胞反应的生物化学反应系统。证明了此系统只存在唯一稳定的极限环,从而发展了文献〔5〕的结果。     

英国高等教育质量保证体系

英国高等教育质量保证体系是在高等教育走向大众化、普及化和教育质量出现下降趋势的情况下建立和发展起来的。这个体系包括严格的外部教育质量评估和完善的校内教育质量保证机制,反映了英国高等教育数百年沉淀下来的充分体现学校神圣责任、以学生为本的办学思路理念、厚重的校园文化和大学精神。     

DISTRIBUTIONAL INCENTIVES IN AN EQUILIBRIUM MODEL OF DOMESTIC SOVEREIGN DEFAULT

Europe's debt crisis resembles historical episodes of outright default on domestic public debt about which little research exists. This paper proposes a theory of domestic sovereign default based on distributional incentives affecting the welfare of risk‐averse debt and nondebtholders. A utilitarian government cannot sustain debt if default is costless. If default is costly, debt with default risk is sustainable, and debt falls as the concentration of debt ownership rises. A government favoring bond holders can also sustain debt, with debt rising as ownership becomes more concentrated. These results are robust to adding foreign investors, redistributive taxes, or a second asset.