Accessibility of health and human services for the HIV-infected

Most research on services for the HIV/AIDS population has focused on primary medical care or on service brokering by advocacy groups. Little research data exist on the extent to which services of programs that do not specialize in HIV/AIDS clients are available to these individuals who often have multiple and multi-dimensional problems. The reported research examines selected data from a sample of 236 medical, behavioral health and social service programs in Miami-Dade County, Florida. A constructed measure of involvement in services for HIV/AIDS clients, pertinent provider program and client characteristics are examined in the context of geo-distributed data on reported AIDS cases and census data. In logistic regression analyses, two aspects of race/– the population in the zip code area served by the program, and the clients or patients seen in the program – were significant in predicting program under-response, defined as level of response relative to cumulative reported AIDS cases from the program's zip code area. The analysis is briefly discussed regarding its relevance and methodological generalizability for HIV/AIDS and related public health policy and applied purposes.     

Administrative Practices in American Unions: A Longitudinal Study

Using data collected from surveys conducted in 1990 and 2000, we examine changes in the administrative practices of US-based national and international unions. We examine the hiring, human resource, financial, strategic planning, and organizational practices and how they have changed over time. We find that unions are changing their staff hiring practices in ways that contribute to workforce professionalization and that unions are moving toward more formal human resource policies and more systematic financial and strategic planning practices. These developments appear to be a reaction to the unions’ changing operating environment and reflect the pressure on union leaders to make effective use of their declining resources.

The Russian Military Spending: Modernization Not Rearmament

The Russian Federation has come back on the international scene, in the past years, thanks to its economic expansion and its political stability. The defence sector, a pillar of the Soviet regime, takes advantage of this situation and is receiving increasing funds, although the fraction of the GDP remains constant. Some experts fear a renewed arms race and a new threat for the world security. The analysis of the overall figures leads to a more moderate view. The situation of the Armed Forces suffers from many problems and it is far from being dangerous for the world stability. The core of the Army, the personnel, is in a terrible situation with a huge gap compared with other developed nations. In addition, Russia endures a demographic collapse and it will be always more difficult to find capable arms that use the new generation armaments of the proclaimed modernization plans.

Motor-skill learning in older adults—a review of studies on age-related differences

This paper reviews research on motor-skill learning across the life span with particular emphasis on older age. For this purpose, studies that focus on age-related differences in fine and gross motor skills and studies that analyze the further refinement of known skills as well as learning of unknown motor skills are summarized. The reviewed studies suggest that although motor performance tends to decline in old age, learning capabilities remain intact, and older adults are able to achieve considerable performance gains. The extent to which the learning capability varies with age, however, has to be considered very carefully. While most studies revealed that performance gains in fine motor tasks are diminished in older adults, results for gross-motor-skill learning are more contradictory. Additionally, there is considerable agreement on the finding that age-related learning differences are statistically more robust in complex tasks, whereas in low-complexity tasks, the learning of younger and older adults is very similar. This applies to fine and gross motor skills. Relative age differences seem to become enlarged when effortful resources are required for motor performance. Thus, the decline in motor learning that accompanies aging is task specific and not absolute.

人力资本产权问题研究的思考

人力资本是目前国内外研究的热点问题。本文对国内外学者关于人力资本和人力资本产权理论问题研究的基本情况作了描述和综合评介,并对今后研究提出了几点意见和建议。     

从第二次世界大战看人类交往

战争是最高的暴力交往形式,也是人类交往和促进人类社会进步的一种方式。第二次世界大战 是人类社会空前规模的交往,世界各地的反法西斯力量组成了世界性的战时同盟,不同类型、社会制度和意识 形态的国家为打败法西斯紧密合作;战时的科技发展和人才争夺是人类文化交往的一种现象,战争催生的第 三次科技革命在短时间内使世界面貌和人类社会发生革命性变革;二战的客观后果之一是,世界越来越成为 一个普遍联系的整体,人类交往迈入全球化时代。战争的残酷性也警示后人,避免战争、走和平与发展之路才 是人类交往的正途。     

人力资本积累、搜寻渠道与农民工工资水平——基于微观调查数据的区间回归分析

本文基于广东企业用工调查数据,利用区间回归模型,检验了农民工人力资本积累、工作搜寻渠道、社会保险等对于他们在城市劳动力市场上的工资水平的影响,结果发现：人力资本能够显著提升农民工在城市劳动力市场上的工资水平;农民工的社会关系网络及政府、市场中介的搜寻行为都无助于提升农民工的工资水平;参加社会保险农民工的工资水平要明显高于未参保农民工,而工作生活满意度的高低对农民工工资也不会产生显著影响。     

河北省城市化带动人力资本集聚机制研究

近年来,随着河北省经济的持续向好发展,河北省城市化水平也在不断提高,但河北省在城市化带动人力资本集聚机制方面仍有待于进一步完善。本文阐述了河北省城市化与人力资本集聚的相关理论,分析了当前河北省城市化与人力资本集聚的现状及问题,并提出了提高河北省城市化水平以集聚人力资本的路径选择。     

人力资本定价的等价原理模式研究

人力资本定价问题是人力资本理论亟需解决的难点问题。以等价原理为基础进行人力资本定价后建立的完全股份制,能保证人力资本投资者公平地获得和物力投资者一样的剩余索取权,实现等量资本(等量付出)获得等量利润(等量回报),实现投资者的权责统一,保证生产的高效率,促进收入分配的均等化,并进而平抑经济周期,实现经济的稳定上升和发展。