论20世纪中叶美国人力资本理论兴起的历史条件

人力资本理论于20世纪中叶在美国经济学界兴起有着特定的历史条件。美国政府在人力资源的开发和利用方面的努力,“二战”后美国政府对外经济援助计划的实践与反思,经济生活中出现很多难以解释的现象,以计算机的应用为核心之一的第三次科技革命．都为20世纪中叶人力资本理论在美国的兴起创造了历史条件。     

资源委员会的事业认知

每一种组织,由于自身特殊的环境条件,都会形成由自我意识所构成的精神文化体系。对资源委员会来讲,这一文化体系集中体现在三个方面：首先,在对国营事业的理解方面,他们坚信发达国家资本,发展国营事业是中国工业化的必由之路。其次,通过多种形式的宣传灌输,塑造“公、诚、拼”的国营事业精神,不断强化组织成员对自己事业的认同和对事业应有精神和文化的体认,从而彰显出这一组织价值观念的独特个性。再次,资委会的技术官僚,不同于其它政府官员,他们的目标在于借行政舞台,圆富国强国的梦想。他们虽跻身官僚之列,但却不是以“官”的职能在那里活动,而是以企业者、专家或技术人员的身份在那里活动。因此,他们忠诚于民族国家而不是政府长官或某一阶级政党。正是这些精神文化因素使资委会与国民政府其它行政机构区别开来,并成为国民政府执政时期的一个亮点。     

人类文明视野中的科学发展观

从人类文明的视角来解读和审视科学发展观,主要体现在以下三个方面:科学发展观是对20世纪人类社会各种发展理念的整合和超越,是人类文明成果的崭新结晶;科学发展观高度契合人类发展的终极诉求,深谙人类文明以人为本的价值追求和精神气质;科学发展观将推动中华文明走向世界。     

Incorporating human sexuality content into a positive youth development framework: Implications for community prevention

As approaches to positive youth development (PYD) gain momentum, the issue of sexuality – a critical component of human development – is being subsumed by ideological debates. In the current political climate, sexuality education is often relegated to biological and/or values-based approaches, neglecting essential relational and collective aspects of sexuality. Through the explication of sexuality as an important component of youth's social ecology, this paper provides a conceptual link between the goals of the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States' (SIECUS) Guidelines for comprehensive sexuality education and those of PYD. We argue that sexuality, as a normative part of human development, culture, identity, and relationships, be approached from an asset-based perspective, rather than a deficit-based perspective. We propose a framework that illustrates how aspects of sexuality are embedded within PYD contexts, and demonstrates how a sexuality education program rooted in SIECUS guidelines can further PYD goals across community contexts.     

The roles of human capital and social capital in the economic integration of new arrivals from Mainland China to Hong Kong

Although it has been hypothesized in the literature that both human capital and social capital are important for the economic performance of new immigrants, few studies have examined these relationships empirically, especially in understudied populations such as Chinese populations. This study simultaneously examines the roles of human capital and social capital in the economic integration of new arrivals from Mainland China to Hong Kong, using a random sample of immigrants. In the early stage of immigration (less than 6 months after arrival), we find little support for the presumed positive effects of both human capital and social capital on employment status among new arrivals in Hong Kong. Follow-up studies are underway to investigate the dynamic relationship between social capital and economic integration in this group of new arrivals, and whether social capital, especially friendship networks, plays a more important role in the economic integration of new immigrants 1 or 2 years after arrival.     

The sensitivity of income polarization

This study looks at polarization and its components’ sensitivity to assumptions about equivalence scales, income definition, ethical income distribution parameters, and the income accounting period. A representative sample of Danish individual incomes from 1984 to 2002 is utilised. Results show that polarization has increased over time, regardless of the applied measure, when the last part of the period is compared to the first part of the period; primary causes being increased inequality (alienation) and faster income growth among high incomes relative to those in the middle of the distribution. Increasing the accounting period confirms the reduction in inequality found for shorter periods, but polarization is virtually unchanged, because income group identification increases. Applying different equivalence scales does not change polarization ranking for different years, but identification ranks are affected. The welfare state considerably reduces income polarization and inequality, but at the expense of some more identification.      

西部大开发战略实施的切入点——人力资本投资

以资源开发为中心的西部开发战略已不能适应当前形势发展的需要,西部大开发应依据人力资本理论制定相关政策,重视人力资本投资.西部地区贫困人口多,但拥有科技人才优势.应建立新型的贫困地区教育结构,提高贫困人口整体素质;同时发挥自身的人才优势,做好科技成果转化这篇文章.     

简论中国古代的环境伦理思想

中国古代环境伦理思想的哲学基础是天人统一观 ,尊重生命 ,兼爱万物是这一伦理思想的主题。寡欲节用是中国古代珍惜自然资源的传统美德。中国古代就已形成了渗透环境伦理意识的政法理念。不同于西方传统伦理学所奉行的人类中心主义 ,中国先哲主张保持人和自然关系的和谐统一。作为珍贵的文化遗产 ,中国古代环境伦理思想是保证和维护中华民族几千年生存繁衍和中华文明绵延不断的重要因素之一 ,它对现代环境伦理学的发展也具有重大的理论借鉴价值。在当前现代化建设中 ,有分析地借鉴我国古代的环境伦理思想 ,对创建适合我国国情的环境伦理学 ,解决社会可持续发展问题是极有意义的     

加强资产管理优化资源配置提高办学效益的思考

资产管理工作是高校管理工作的新领域。高等教育快速发展的新形势以及创建国内外知名高水平大学宏伟目标的确立为高校管理工作特别是资产管理工作提出了许多新要求。优化资源配置,提高办学效益,成为提高办学水平和办学质量的关键环节、前提条件。应该提高对优化资源配置重要意义的认识,明确高等学校资产管理目标,完善相关规章制度,健全资产管理工作体制和运行机制,注重产权管理,进一步明晰产权关系,深化资产管理改革,挖掘学校资源潜力,加快校产资源优化重组步伐。     

对高校图书馆人力资源管理的思考

人力资源管理对于建设高水平图书馆具有重要的意义。针对当前图书馆人力资源管理存在高素质人才偏少、人才流失现象严重、适应现代化信息技术人才不足的现状及问题,提出新时期图书馆人力资源管理应树立科学的人力资源发展观,有效实施高校图书馆人力资源开发、管理战略,实现图书馆人才资源的管理创新,以促进高校图书馆的发展。