高等数学读书方法论

高等数学是重要的基础理论课和先行课。高等数学课程除了让学生获得基本知识、基本理论和基本运算技能外,还要通过各教学环节逐步培养学生具有较熟练的运算、抽象思维、逻辑推理、空间想象以及自我培训能力。为此,教师应注重渗透性素质教育,训练学生较强的读书能力,提高学生数学素质。     

论张载的德育方法

张载是北宋时期著名的思想家、教育家,他非常重视人之道德教育。在长期的德育实践中,他提出了一系列对于当代德育仍具有重要借鉴价值的德育基本方法、德育施教方法和德育受教方法。     

体验式教学法在艺术类院校英语教学中的应用

为了将体验式教学法应用到艺术类院校英语教学中,验证其可行性,并借以探索和完善艺术类院校英语教学模式,通过曹海英主编的《艺术学院大学英语基础教程》一、二册,对南京艺术学院2018级489名学生,分三大组,每组分设为甲乙班进行实验对照。结果表明,综合实验班获得了更好的教学效果,体验式教学法可应用于艺术类学生英语教学中。     

A Bayesian model for ranking hazardous road sites

Summary.  Road safety has recently become a major concern in most modern societies. The identification of sites that are more dangerous than others (black spots) can help in better scheduling road safety policies. This paper proposes a methodology for ranking sites according to their level of hazard. The model is innovative in at least two respects. Firstly, it makes use of all relevant information per accident location, including the total number of accidents and the number of fatalities, as well as the number of slight and serious injuries. Secondly, the model includes the use of a cost function to rank the sites with respect to their total expected cost to society. Bayesian estimation for the model via a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach is proposed. Accident data from 519 intersections in Leuven (Belgium) are used to illustrate the methodology proposed. Furthermore, different cost functions are used to show the effect of the proposed method on the use of different costs per type of injury.     

Children’s Time Use: Labor Divisions and Schooling in Indonesia

Data from the Worker and Iron Status Evaluation are used to examine gendered patterns in children’s time in market and nonmarket work, schooling, and leisure in Indonesia (N= 2,929). Boys spend more time in market work; girls spend more time in nonmarket work. Work responsibilities increase with age as well as gender differentials in children’s time use. By age 18, girls spend nearly 1 more hour per day working and enjoy significantly less leisure time, but the gender gap in schooling is not significant, suggesting that parents and children are committed to both work and schooling. Additionally, Tobit regression results suggest that parents’ education, household income, and rural residency are important predictors of children’s labor and schooling time.     

Teaching social research methods after the critical turn: challenges and benefits of a constructivist pedagogy

An increasing challenge for teaching methods courses in the social sciences is the ‘critical turn’, which has encouraged some students to adopt an anti-empirical orientation. We present a case study of a compulsory undergraduate methods course in a political science department strongly influenced by post-structuralist philosophies. The first author redesigned the course to implement four constructivist pedagogical principles: (1) develop a full understanding of students’ pre-existing perceptions of political science research methods; (2) encourage students to see methodology as an inevitably contested field; (3) provide space for students to choose a methodological approach that best aligns with their personal stance on knowledge; and (4) encourage students to view research as an ongoing ‘conversation’. We critically reflect on the implementation of these constructivist pedagogical strategies and argue they improve students’ critical engagement with course material, increase linkages between methods teaching and other disciplinary subject matter, and accommodate diverse student perspectives and needs.     

Studying Individual and Family Development: Linking Theory and Research

The predominant theoretical orientation of the majority of scientists studying human behavioral development and family functioning is derived from systems models. These theories are dynamic in their conceptualization and emphasize process and context. To a large extent, the analytic strategies we employ are not consistent with our theoretical assumptions. Analytic methods that focus on moderating and mediating processes rather than main effects, on within‐group variability and the sources of that variability, and on the identification of interrelated patterns of change in individuals, families, and environments are needed for our research results to mirror the complexity of our theories.     

The effect of different data structures,sample sizes on model fit measures

In this study, our aim was to investigate the changes of different data structures and different sample sizes on the structural equation modeling and the influence of these factors on the model fit measures. Examining the created structural equation modeling under different data structures and sample sizes, the evaluation of model fit measures were performed with a simulation study. As a result of the simulation study, optimization and negative variance estimation problems have been encountered depending on the sample size and changing correlations. It was observed that these problems disappeared either by increasing the sample size or the correlations between the variables in factor. For upcoming studies, the choice of RMSEA and IFI model fit measures can be suggested in all sample sizes and the correlation values for data sets are ensured the multivariate normal distribution assumption.     

“传感器”精品课程的实践教学方法研究

“传感器”精品课程建设是传感器课程教学质量与教学改革的重要平台,探索“传感器”实践教学的自身特点和规律,以现代科学技术的发展和市场经济建设的需求为视角。教学过程中注重通专结合的工程师素质训练,加强学生综合实践能力培养,通过体现课程实验和有感活动特征对传感器教学内容和实验方式进行有意义的尝试和改进,并在规范教学的基础上寻求新的突破,提出了与实际工程对象相结合的教学方法并获得效果。     

A Non-parametric Test for Generalized First-order Autoregressive Models

We derive a non-parametric test for testing the presence of V(X_i,ε_i) in the non-parametric first-order autoregressive model X_i+1=T(X_i)+V(X_i,ε_i)+U(X_i)ε_i+1, where the function T(x) is assumed known. The test is constructed as a functional of a basic process for which we establish a weak invariance principle, under the null hypothesis and under stationarity and mixing assumptions. Bounds for the local and non-local powers are provided under a condition which ensures that the power tends to one as the sample size tends to infinity.The testing procedure can be applied, e.g. to bilinear models, ARCH models, EXPAR models and to some other uncommon models. Our results confirm the robustness of the test constructed in Ngatchou Wandji (1995) and in Diebolt & Ngatchou Wandji (1995).