A weakly informative prior for Bayesian dynamic model selection with applications in fMRI

In recent years, Bayesian statistics methods in neuroscience have been showing important advances. In particular, detection of brain signals for studying the complexity of the brain is an active area of research. Functional magnetic resonance imagining (fMRI) is an important tool to determine which parts of the brain are activated by different types of physical behavior. According to recent results, there is evidence that the values of the connectivity brain signal parameters are close to zero and due to the nature of time series fMRI data with high-frequency behavior, Bayesian dynamic models for identifying sparsity are indeed far-reaching. We propose a multivariate Bayesian dynamic approach for model selection and shrinkage estimation of the connectivity parameters. We describe the coupling or lead-lag between any pair of regions by using mixture priors for the connectivity parameters and propose a new weakly informative default prior for the state variances. This framework produces one-step-ahead proper posterior predictive results and induces shrinkage and robustness suitable for fMRI data in the presence of sparsity. To explore the performance of the proposed methodology, we present simulation studies and an application to functional magnetic resonance imaging data.     

内燃机活塞三维热分析

介绍高温状态下内燃机活塞的热分析原理,利用有限元法计算活塞温度、热变形和热应力,建立活塞三维热分析有限元模型和相应热边界条件,给出了活塞温度分布、综合应力和综合变形,提出对活塞设计的合理结论。     

铸型—冷铁—金属传热特性的研究

本文通过实验,测出冷铁在铸件凝固过程中的温度变化,找出铸件与冷铁间的等效界面热阻值,此值可供模拟铸件凝固时应用。     

小波变换在雷达信号处理中的应用

，小波变换理论是傅里叶分析的重大进展，它已成为当今从应用数学到信号与图像处理等众多领域的研究热点。本文综述了傅里叶变换、加窗傅氏变换、小波变换的特性，讨论了将小波变换应用于雷达领域的前景。     

Statistical approaches in quantitative positron emission tomography

Positron emission tomography is a medical imaging modality for producing 3D images of the spatial distribution of biochemical tracers within the human body. The images are reconstructed from data formed through detection of radiation resulting from the emission of positrons from radioisotopes tagged onto the tracer of interest. These measurements are approximate line integrals from which the image can be reconstructed using analytical inversion formulae. However these direct methods do not allow accurate modeling either of the detector system or of the inherent statistical fluctuations in the data. Here we review recent progress in developing statistical approaches to image estimation that can overcome these limitations. We describe the various components of the physical model and review different formulations of the inverse problem. The wide range of numerical procedures for solving these problems are then reviewed. Finally, we describe recent work aimed at quantifying the quality of the resulting images, both in terms of classical measures of estimator bias and variance, and also using measures that are of more direct clinical relevance.     

Nonparametric bootstrap of sample means of positive-definite matrices with an application to diffusion-tensor-imaging data analysis

This paper presents nonparametric two-sample bootstrap tests for means of random symmetric positive-definite (SPD) matrices according to two different metrics: the Frobenius (or Euclidean) metric, inherited from the embedding of the set of SPD metrics in the Euclidean set of symmetric matrices, and the canonical metric, which is defined without an embedding and suggests an intrinsic analysis. A fast algorithm is used to compute the bootstrap intrinsic means in the case of the latter. The methods are illustrated in a simulation study and applied to a two-group comparison of means of diffusion tensors (DTs) obtained from a single voxel of registered DT images of children in a dyslexia study.     

用于温差能海水淡化的新型闪蒸冷凝一体化装置

利用可再生能源进行海水淡化是目前国内外的发展趋势,为此,提出了基于海洋温差能的海水淡化技术。针对海洋温差能海水淡化工艺温差小、压降低的特点,研制了一种新型的闪蒸冷凝一体化装置,并对其结构形式、工艺参数和设备参数进行了详细的设计和计算分析。经实际系统运行和实测表明,该装置具有结构紧凑、效率高和阻力损失小等优点,对于降低海水淡化单位能耗和成本具有重要的应用价值。     

高热稳定性二阶非线性光学自组装薄膜的制备研究

采用偶氮型聚阴离子PAZO与感光型聚阳离子重氮树脂DR进行层层静电自组装,制备非线性光学薄膜,并采用紫外可见光谱跟踪成膜过程。经过紫外光照,层间的静电相互作用转化为共价键连接而形成稳定的多层膜。对制备的DR/PAZO多层组装膜进行的二阶非线性光学性质、热稳定性及抗溶剂刻蚀能力的研究表明,膜层具有较明显的SHG信号,同时曝光后的膜层比未经曝光的膜层表现出了更好的热稳定性和抗溶剂稳定性。     

环境绩效评价的 BP 人工神经网络分析方法--一项基于火力发电企业的案例研究

本研究在构建企业环境绩效评价体系基础上,运用 BP 人工神经网络方法对火力发电企业环境绩效进行了综合评价。研究结果表明火力发电企业间环境绩效水平存在显著差异。为提升火力发电企业环境绩效,对优秀企业、良好企业、一般企业、差等企业可以分别采取优先发展、鼓励发展、控制发展和限制发展的政策。     

干涉ISAR三维成像试验研究

阐述了干涉式逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)三维成像的基本原理,与传统的ISAR二维成像方法的性能进行了比较.结合实际的宽带雷达平台,介绍了试验验证的基本方法,并通过静态双散射点和过航飞机等目标的实际跟踪试验,获取了目标回波信号的和、方位差和俯仰差三通道宽带数据,给出了干涉ISAR三维成像的算法流程.采用干涉ISAR三维成像的算法对实际测量数据进行了处理,得到了各类目标的成像结果,对成像效果进行了分析和评估,提出了工程应用的建议.