国有企业的产权制度分析

国有企业改革的核心问题是最终形成法律意义上的产权制度。国有企业产权所有关系的确定性、产权结构的有效性和产权保护的强制性是产权制度改革的题中应有之义。国有企业的产权属于公共产权 ,公共产权的代理采取国有制的方式。完备的产权制度可以解决国有企业委托 -代理关系失效、财产组织形式效率不高、外部效应和法人治理结构难以建立等问题。国有企业产权制度改革宜采取分类施治的途径。国有企业只有明晰界定产权的所有关系 ,才能保障产权功能的发挥。产权所有关系确定之后 ,国有企业即成为法律上的民事行为主体和市场主体 ,其法人资产制度即具备了与企业产权相关的特征     

关于新形势下高校教代会建设的若干思考

本文分析新形势下建立和完善教代会制度存在的主要问题,提出坚持完善教代会制度,必须正确处理好教代会与党委、行政及教职工的关系,探讨教职工民主权利实现形式和方法,对高校教代会建设提出了具体的措施和意见。     

The Rules of the Game: The Politics of National Pensions in Korea

This article explores the conditions in which policy changes occur over time. It studies the institutional pathways taken by national pensions in Korea over an extended period by identifying the key moments which have pushed through their development: initiation (1973), implementation (1988) and reform (1998). Public pensions have developed over time in an incremental fashion, bringing an ever‐growing proportion of the population under their umbrella. What accounts for this development? A number of factors may be at work. The elderly population has rapidly increased; the traditional extended family has increasingly become a nuclear one, meaning that what used simply to be a family issue of protecting the elderly has become a social matter; urbanization and industrialization have resulted in an ever‐growing number of life‐time contingencies such as unexpected income losses. Convincing as these socio‐economic accounts may seem, however, they offer only a snapshot, underscoring the politics of national pensions which stretch over long periods. This article seeks to answer how and in whose interest national pensions come on to the political agenda; how they are framed and defined; and how political actors respond to pressures for national pension reform. In each of the three stages, it is suggested, somewhat different institutional rules have operated. Defining institutional rules as ‘the process of who gets represented in the decision‐making processes’, this article identifies the different institutional rules which have played a pivotal role in the social policy‐making processes.     

Caring for profit: Alienation and work stress in nursing assistants in Canada

Personal care work in proprietary nursing homes was contrasted with similar work in non-profit long-term care facilities. One quarter of Manitoba long-stay beds are operated by proprietary (profit-making) institutions. In both types of home, the nursing assistants were younger women with children; essential wage earners for their families. Wages were low, but nursing assistants said they worked because they liked taking care of elderly people. Nursing home residents have cognitive and mobility impairments and need help with activities of daily living. The proportion of cognitively-impaired residents is higher in profit-making homes, and probably contributed to job pressure and workload, which were taken as markers of potential alienation experienced by these workers.     

论高校档案干部的创新能力及培养

在知识经济飞速发展的新世纪里,创新不再是自然科学领域所专有,在社会科学领域,在档案工作中,同样需要创新.面对新时期档案工作遇到的新情况、新问题,必须从观念、机制、培训模式和理论等多方面培养和激发高校档案干部的创造能力.     

村落视野下的农民机构养老意愿研究——基于鄂、川、赣三省抽样调查的实证分析

本文基于对鄂、川、赣三省34个村庄农民的问卷调查数据,运用定序Logistic回归模型,分析了村庄因素尤其是宗族对于农村居民入住养老机构意愿的影响。研究发现:虽然现阶段机构养老成为了部分农村居民的养老选择,但总体来看,多数农民入住养老机构的意愿较低。村庄的宗族结构和功能在一定程度上影响农村居民入住养老机构的意愿。有非正式宗族网络的农村居民比没有宗族网络的农村居民入住养老机构的意愿低,有正式宗族组织的农村居民入住意愿最低。宗族在公共服务中的功能越强,农村居民入住养老机构的意愿越低。同时,家庭在村庄中的经济社会地位处于非下层的农村居民比处于下层的农村居民入住意愿更低。     

论科学发展观与新疆高校维稳机制创新

新疆高校学习实践科学发展观,一项重要内容就是维护高校校园的安全稳定。要在大学生中长期坚持开展意识形态领域反分裂、反渗透教育,开展励志教育和感恩教育,开展无神论教育,高度重视少数民族学生的心理健康教育,重视少数民族思政干部的培养和使用。这样,新疆高校校园方可长治久安。     

论中国特色社会主义制度的内在逻辑

中国特色社会主义制度之所以成为近代以来中国社会变革的必然结果、成为中华民族走向伟大复兴的必然选择,除了历史的、客观的动因之外,最根本的在于这一先进社会制度具有其产生、完善与发展的内在逻辑。中国特色社会主义制度的内在逻辑主要体现在:坚持科学社会主义基本原则与一切从中国实际出发的有机统一;坚持人民当家做主的制度本质与创造"五大民主"的制度特色的有机统一;坚持基本制度和基本要素的"不变性"与革除体制和制度弊端的"可变性"的有机统一;坚持社会差距的客观性与实现社会公正的必然性的有机统一。     

Varieties of indebtedness: Financialization and mortgage market institutions in Europe

During the global housing boom that preceded the 2007–9 financial crisis, household debt increased substantially in many European countries, posing a challenge for literature on financialization and the institutional heterogeneity of mortgage markets. This paper examines recent institutional shifts in European mortgage markets and specifies three analytically distinct models of debt accumulation: inclusion, extension and intensity. While existing research has emphasized inclusion (access to homeownership), we show that financial intensification is an important determinant of cross-national variation in debt. We assess the variation in financial intensity in six European countries (France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain) using household-level survey data. Our results show that inclusion and expansion explain only part of the cross-national variation in mortgage debt to income ratios. Furthermore, household financial behavior is consistent with the financial intensity model, and variation in the degree of financial intensification explains a substantial portion of the cross-national difference in debt levels.     

试论民办高校内部控制体系的构建

本文从阐述内部控制的基本理论入手,探询民办高校内部控制存在的问题,认为实施内部会计控制是构建民办高校内部控制体系的关键,并从六个方面提出了如何实施内部控制的建议。