儒家德育方法与当代大学生德育工作

儒家德育的基本方法有：权威教化法、榜样仿效法、差异培养法、熏陶管理法、自我修身法、躬行实践法等,它是儒家德育思想的重要组成部分,这些方法相互联结,相互补充,构成一个有机统一体。借鉴儒家德育方法,结合我国大学生德育实践和社会时代特征,当前高校德育工作应做到改善思想灌输法,重视典型教育法,实施分层教育法,强化感染教育法,突出自我教育法,注重实践教育法,从而不断提高当代大学生德育工作的针对性和实效性。     

社会心理测量中降低主观性偏差的方法探索——一项关于组织认同的测量思路与量表设计及其结果

对作为一种社会心理现象的组织认同的测量思路，从大的视野看，应该既从组织成员对组织与自己关系的内在体验和感受，也从其对这种关系表现出的外显性行为两个方面实施；从具体操作言，还应寻求组织认同中个体的主我认知与他我认知的统一，把二者的测量得分合二为一后，求对同一个问题的整合结果。测量量表的设计与编制应该同时考虑两个方面：一是在设计心理倾向测量的同时必须考虑测量内在心理和外显性行为表现两个层次；二是在测量这种主观意向倾向时应注意从主我与他我的两个方面。实际的测量结果有降低测量的主观性偏差和提高测量的精确度两个特点。     

构建学习化社会的思考与对策

随着终身教育的兴起和人们对终身教育观念的认同 ,人们走向学习化社会已成为当代社会进步、文明、生活质量提高的必然趋势。本文就学习化社会的概念、特征、意义及构建学习化社会应采取的手段、方法和途径进行了探讨。     

人类学、经济学、博弈论视野下的法学研究——读《无需法律的秩序——邻人如何解决纠纷》

通过简述了《无需法律的秩序——邻人如何解决纠纷》一书的主要内容,评析了该书中提出的非正式社会控制理论观点及论证方式,由此得以揭示人类学、经济学、博弈论等跨学科结合才是法学研究方法的未来。     

Advocacy for disabled children and young people: benefits and dilemmas

Recent policy has emphasized the need for advocacy services for children and young people, developments that have gone hand‐in‐hand with greater levels of participation of young people in decision‐making. Advocacy for disabled young people is especially important, as they are a particular vulnerable group and have, traditionally, been even more excluded from decisions about matters affecting their lives. This paper reports the findings, as they relate to disabled young people, from a study that investigated the role of advocacy for looked‐after children and children in need. The paper highlights some of the benefits of advocacy for disabled children, the dilemmas facing advocates between advocating and acting in someone's ‘best interests’, identifying the client and the boundaries between advocacy and social work. It argues that time given to establish a close relationship with a disabled child or young person is crucial if advocacy is to be effective and participation in decisions affecting their lives a reality.     

Stochastic dominance in multicriterion analysis under risk

Traditionally, in the literature on the modelling of decision aids one notes the propensity to treat expected utility models and outranking relation models as rivals. It may be possible, however, to benefit from the use of both approaches in a risky decision context. Stochastic dominance conditions can be used to establish, for each criterion, the preferences of a decision maker and to characterise them by a concave or convex utility function.Two levels of complexity in preference elicitation, designated as clear and unclear, are distinguished. Only in the case of unclear preferences is it potentially interesting to attempt to estimate the value function of the decision maker, thus obtaining his (her) preferences with a reduced number of questions. The number of questions that must be asked of the decision maker depends upon the level of the concordance threshold that he(she) requires in the construction of the outranking relations using the ELECTRE method.     

论翻译文学批评———特殊性、批评标准与批评方法

翻译文学批评对于翻译文学来说,非常必要,但做起来非常困难。它与一般的文学批评有共通性,更有特殊性。它是跨越不同语言的文学批评,必须建立在语言学批评的基础上。一般的文学批评可以“得意而忘言”,翻译文学批评却应该是“言意兼顾”,应该将语言学批评与关学批评结合起来;细节批评与总体批评结合起来;特殊的批评角度与全面公正的评价结合起来。为此,翻译文学批评应该有一定的标准。对我国翻译文学而言,“信达雅”是基本标准,“神似”、“化境”可以作为最高标准。在批评方式方法上,对同一原作的不同译本的比较批评,即译本比较批评,在翻译文学批评中是一种重要的、行之有效的批评方式。     

术后胃瘫患者早期肠内营养支持治疗的护理方法及效果

目的：探讨肠内营养支持治疗腹部术后胃瘫的护理方法及效果。方法经确诊的11例腹部手术后胃瘫患者均放置鼻胃肠营养管,行肠内营养（ EN）治疗,观察患者的适应情况、肛门排气;前白蛋白及淋巴细胞计数等营养状况的变化,做好肠内营养的护理。结果本组病例淋巴细胞计数和前白蛋白术后较术前有显著改变,显示术后早期EN可提高营养状况和机体免疫功能;所有患者胃肠功能均恢复,无再次手术,无相关并发症。结论腹部术后胃瘫患者应用肠内营养可以缩短胃瘫的病程,采用鼻胃肠营养管泵入肠内营养的方法符合生理,且经济、安全、方便,又能减少并发症的发生。     

'My Mum and Dad said it Calms You Down': Children's Perceptions of Smoking as a Coping Strategy

While studies have shown that adults use smoking to deal with stress, little research has been carried out with children to explore their perceptions of smoking as a coping strategy. Qualitative questionnaire and interview data were generated with children aged 9–11 years. Participants perceived that adults smoked to relieve boredom and stress, and suggested that children might smoke for the same reasons. Children were more likely to know that adults smoked to deal with stress if they lived in a deprived area. Girls were more likely to believe that some children need to smoke as a coping strategy.     

后现代方法与法学研究范式的转向

作为后现代思潮在学术范式、思维方法上的革命性贡献的后现代方法 ,正在或势必将对法学研究范式转向产生深远的影响 ,同时法学研究范式也应回应这样一种后现代方法论上的转向 ,确保其长久的繁荣。因此 ,必须实现法学研究的解构范式 ,后现代语言学范式以及系谱学分析的后现代转向