外资法的选择:南非改革《投资保护法案》

国际投资体系正在遭遇危机，越来越多的国家开始质疑双边投资协定提供的投资者保护制度是否确实有益于增加投资的流动，全球多个国家正在审慎地进行外国投资法的改革。基于此，文章以南非的实践为现实起点，通过概述南非投资保护制度变革的缘由以及深入剖析《投资保护法案》的立法意图，阐明其以国内立法维护公共利益监管权力的法律选择，旨在“一带一路”背景下，为远赴南非的中国投资者提供法律风险的预判，揭示外资法变革对于中国投资者可能产生的影响。对于南非建立新的投资保护制度，其将面临的挑战是如何维持稳定、可预测的投资环境与实现投资保护改革的若干目标之间的平衡。      

Compliance Strategies and Regulatory Effectiveness of Performance-Based Regulation of Chemical Accident Risks

This paper investigates the role that performance-based regulations can play in linking a firm's environmental, health, and safety concerns with their corporate strategy. The specific focus is on the performance standards required by the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) which require firms that store or use certain chemicals to develop a Risk Management Plan (RMP) for reducing the likelihood and impact of accidents at their plants. Data from a series of case studies and interviews of executives in chemical firms reveal that proactive companies integrated many of the requirements of the CAAA into their management systems prior to the regulatory requirements. Most of these firms tend to be large ones. Small firms often lack the resources to implement these regulations and hence have tended to have a more difficult time with compliance.     

集体劳资争议的刑事责任研究——以日本《劳动组合法》第1条第2款为中心

日趋增多的罢工、怠工等集体劳资争议给刑法学带来了新课题,引发学界对刑法是否及如何介入集体劳资争议的慎思.日本《劳动组合法》第1条第2款对集体劳资争议在区分正当与不正当的基础上分别规定了不同的刑事责任模式,堪称全球劳动刑法的典范.这对中国劳动刑法具有重要的借鉴意义:刑法应该积极介入集体劳资争议,并把正当的集体劳资争议视为刑法中的违法阻却事由,而以刑法中的普通犯罪追究不正当的集体劳资争议的刑事责任.     

美国食品安全的监管变革及其对我国的启示

美国《FDA食品安全现代法》的出台,标志着美国对原有食品安全监管体系进行了彻底变革,其力度之大、范围之广以及程度之深,不仅在联邦食品药品管理局成立的70余年历史上是前所未有的,而且在全世界范围内也堪称一部模范性法律,一定程度上代表了今后食品安全监管改革的方向.由于采取了相似的管理体制,并且同样面临着食品来源多样以及监管资源不足等挑战,中、美两国在食品安全监管领域面临的很多问题都是共通的,因此,美国的变革举措尤其是强调预防控制的新思路理应为中国所借鉴.     

言语行为理论视角下的X BE X结构语用意义分析

X BE X结构是一种特殊的判断句。表面上看起来主语和表语重复,传递的是"零信息",但它却蕴含着丰富的语用含义,传递着说话人的交际意图,是说话人有意选择的一种言语行为。基于言语行为理论,一个完整的言语行为是由言内、言外和言后三个层次共同作用完成的。本文从言语行为理论出发,认为X BE X结构的意义解读可以从言内行为上完成对词义的解读,从言外行为来表达交际意图,从言后行为来实现交际意图。     

Street Violence against Women in India: Mapping Prevention Strategies

Street violence against women (SVAW) in India is highly under researched. This article aims to understand the contextual factors responsible for the occurrence of SVAW in five cities of North‐east India: Agartala, Kohima, Imphal, Shillong, and Guwahati. The aftermath of an horrific gang rape and the subsequent death of a 23‐year‐old woman in a moving bus in New Delhi in December 2012 served as a wake‐up call for the Government of India (GOI), augmenting the need to understand the issues of SVAW. On December 23, 2012, the GOI constituted the Justice Verma Committee (JVC) who prepared a 630‐page report, submitted to the Prime Minister of India, which identified “failure of governance” as the central cause of SVAW. Based on some of the recommendations of the JVC report, the GOI passed the Criminal Law Amendment Bill, 2013. Drawing upon semi‐structured interviews from qualitative research in combination with a questionnaire survey, this research aims to understand the factors that allow SVAW to persist. Using recommendations of the JVC report and the Justice Usha Mehra Commission, the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 2013 , as well as research findings, this article is an attempt to inform prevention strategies aimed at escalating the safety of women in public spaces of the study region.     

Change IS Possible: Reducing High-Risk Drinking Using a Collaborative Improvement Model

Abstract

Objective: To describe the adoption of public health and improvement methodologies to address college students’ high-risk drinking behaviors and to aid in prevention efforts. Participants: Members of 32 colleges and universities, content experts, and staff members of the National College Health Improvement Program (NCHIP). Methods: A 2-year learning collaborative developed by NCHIP trained individuals from 32 different college and universities in using the Plan–Do–Study–Act cycle as a method to create and implement initiatives aimed at reducing students’ high-risk drinking behaviors and related harms. Results: Participants experienced success ranging from noteworthy increases in type and amount of interventions directed at reducing high-risk drinking, to creating collaboratives across campus, the local community, and stakeholders. Challenges related to data collection and creating lasting cultural change remain. Conclusions: The use of quality improvement methodologies and creation of a national collaborative successfully effected meaningful change in high-risk drinking behaviors on college campuses.     

《反海外腐败法》管辖权扩张的启示————兼论渐进主义视域下的中国路径

经济全球化使各国法治相互关联,腐败问题早已突破一国的界限,日益具有全球性。海外反腐败涉及各国经济、政治和社会文化等诸多因素,已成为世界难题,无法通过简单、线性的方式解决。此外,囚徒困境又使各国集体行动陷入进退维谷的境地。为了破解全球反腐败的难题,在渐进主义的路径下,美国《反海外腐败法》开启了海外反腐败的全球治理之门。我国日渐融入全球化进程,也与全球法治产生了更为密切的联系。《反海外腐败法》不仅对在美融资的中国私人发行人、非居民企业进行管辖,而且借由代理理论和共谋责任理论不断扩张其管辖范围,给我国政府和企业带来了巨大影响。因此,面对美国海外反腐败法律不断扩张的管辖权和日益提高的国际响应度,中国政府和企业也应该积极作为,在渐进主义的思路下参与全球反腐败治理,完善国内立法并规范企业商业行为,以更好地维护我国主权和国家利益,并为促进全球治理的达成和法治的繁荣作出努力。     

Lesbian and gay men’s perceptions of their local area agency on aging

This article reviews data from a qualitative study of lesbians and gay men about engagement with their local Area Agency on Aging (AAA). Findings include lack of knowledge about the local AAA, feelings of exclusion, and the need for better outreach. It is important that AAAs engage their local lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) elders, as data show they are at higher risk for aging alone and can often harbor mistrust of formal services due to lifetimes of discrimination. Suggestions on where AAAs can find training and resources on reaching out to the LGBT older adult community and implications for the profession of social work are provided.     

Fearing yellow,imagining white: media analysis of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was a watershed event in the context of race, nation, and the law because it denied Chinese immigration into the USA for over 80 years. This paper analyses the media coverage of the Chinese in the San Francisco Chronicle during the year of the Act's passage. The theoretical framework of ‘Purity and Danger’ provides a starting point in analyzing how whiteness and nation are constructed as ‘pure’, while Chinese immigration is constructed as a ‘danger’ within a symbolic, racial and political manner. Discourse analysis was applied to the data for an intersectional investigation of race, class, gender, and nation, to determine how the discourse is organized thematically, as well as uncover ideological meanings in relation to how ‘fearing yellow’ also reflected ‘imaging white’ in media discourse.