日本科技体制改革及对我国的启示

日本政府为了在21世纪继续保持、巩固世界经济和科技强国地位并赶超美国,相继出台了一系列新政策推动科技体制改革,以求建立一个有利于科技创新的新体制,使本国能够有效地利用科技创新开辟新兴支柱产业,进行产业结构调整,拉动其经济增长,摆脱经济长期低迷的困境。认真研究日本在科技体制改革中的措施无疑对提高我国整体科技发展水平具有很好的借鉴作用。     

日本民事再审程序中值得借鉴的几个方面

中日两国同属于大陆法系国家,在诉讼观念和诉讼制度上存在共同之处,中国的民事诉讼法学研究在某种程度上也深受日本的影响,对于日本相似的规则凝结成的经验财富加以利用,应当是一种明智的选择。本文就日本民事再审程序所涉及的再审诉讼的程序构造,再审的法定事由,再审的补充性与驳回再审后的权利救济和再审案件的管辖等四个问题,结合我国的现状进行了一些比较和评述。     

日本诗话《彩岩诗则》著者考辨

日本诗话《彩岩诗则》之著者奥彩岩究系何人,自该诗话出版面世之日起,近百年来一直是日本汉文学史上的不解之谜。经研究考证,发现奥彩岩者即是江户时代著名汉学者、汉诗人桂山彩岩。     

战后日本的企业变革

美国人在第二次世界大战中占领日本以后 ,为彻底根除日本的军国主义 ,建立市场经济新体制 ,采取了一系列改革措施 :解散财阀 ,劳动改革 ,经营者和所有者相分离 ,企业经营目标变迁等。其变革具有强制性、融合性和解放性等特点 ,对日本企业影响颇深     

Personal reflections on 30 years of social work development in China

ABSTRACT

China has developed modern social work over the past 30 years, introducing new theories and models of good practice that have been drawn from diverse parts of globe. It has also made extensive contributions to disaster interventions based on its engagement in numerous calamities that have affected the population in China, including the devastating Wenchuan earthquake of 2008. More recently, its dynamic leaders have supported the development of social work in other Asian countries. I have been privileged to have developed a long-standing relationship with China, its culture and its history for many decades, even before I became a social worker. My social work colleagues have honoured me by strengthening this interest by providing many opportunities to walk alongside them. This article considers my personal reflections on a profession’s development through momentous world events, and China rightly deserves to celebrate its 30 years of growth and development.     

A model for the coordination of recovery policies in the OECD region

The paper presents a world econometric model of the LINK type, which is then applied to the study of the recovery prospects of the OECD economies. Specifically, several policy packages coordinated at the international level are assessed for the period 1978–1980.The model includes country specific macroeconomic structures for eight developed economies, and different type structures for five additional developing countries. The obvious policy and behavioral differences that exist between these two groups of countries are highlighted through the specification, in one case, of demand-oriented Keynessian models able to capture short-term cyclical phenomena. The supply orientation with several resource gaps (savings, foreign exchange, etc.) prevails for the developing economies. The two sections after the introduction review broadly the main modeling features of the project, including the international comparison of structural parameters. In the following sections several policy experiments are attempted. The underlying behavioral assumptions stress the community of interest that prevails among OECD economies. These experiments consider the case of stimulative policies adopted in (1) the United States alone, (2) three engine countries (United States, Federal Republic of Germany, and Japan), and (3) several developed countries that are part of the OECD system. Other experiments assume additional policy packages to correct present current account imbalances. The general conclusion of the study is that the prospects for economic recovery in the OECD area depend to a crucial extent on the ability of the member countries to agree on policies able to make the major economic indicators of each economy converge toward levels that are domestically manageable and mutually supporting.     

南明政权对日通好求助政策的形成过程

明朝自嘉靖、万历以来 ,直至崇祯末覆灭 ,与日本断绝了外交关系 ,而南明政权对日本改行通好、求助的政策。由前者的断绝交往到后者的通好求助 ,经过了一个逐渐转变的过程。这个转变过程是在南明时期完成的 ,共分三个阶段 :一、弘光时期 ,这是沿用明朝末年旧政策的阶段 ;二、鲁监国、隆武两政权并存时期 ,这是拒绝交往与通好、求助同时并存的阶段 ;三、鲁监国政权、郑成功及其子孙主持的政权、永历政权等并存时期 ,这是通好、求助政策全面推行阶段。影响南明政权对日态度转变的因素 ,包括总体形势、力量对比的变化 ,当事人的经历和性格 ,以及地域远近等     

中日近世商品经济观及其现代价值——以石门心学和浙东学派为中心

日本江户时代的"石门心学"与中国宋代浙东学派的商品经济观,共同具有典型的近世特征,也都对后世有很大影响。但由于社会结构、制度基础与思想文化等诸多差异,在两国近代化的历史转型与社会发展过程中,二者所发挥的作用也大有不同。对中日近世商品经济观进行系统性的比较研究,不仅有利于弥补世界经济学说史迄今大抵无东亚等缺憾,而且可以提供观察传统经济观之现代价值的一个新视角。     

抗日战争时期我国发展农村经济的路径管窥

抗日战争时期 ,我国发展农村经济的路径主要有 :发布并落实发展农村经济方案 ;调整、成立、健全农事机构 ;制定和实行减租减息的政策 ;增发农业贷款 ;开展纺织救灾运动     

浅析抗日战争中两个战场的相互关系

以国共合作为基础的抗日民族统一战线,是中国人民取得抗日战争胜利的基本条件。在抗日战争中由国民党领导的正面战场和由共产党领导的敌后游击战场,一直保持着既相对独立又相互配合的关系。两个战场相对独立的关系,主要表现为国共两党独立指挥所属武装力量,按照各自政党所确定的抗战路线、军事战略及作战原则实施作战。两个战场在保持相对独立关系的同时,还始终保持着相互配合的关系,这种相互配合,主要表现为战略配合,也有战役、战斗的配合。然而,各个层次的相互配合,有积极主动的配合,也有消极客观上的配合。