中国现代文学学科的形成和研究述略

作为学科的中国现代文学于20世纪20年代初现端倪,50年代正式形成,并在20世纪后期得到了长足的发展。数代学者对中国现代文学这门年轻学科的发展作出了重要贡献,他们各自在文学史研究、作家作品研究、文体研究和社团、流派、思潮、创作群体研究方面取得了重要成就。     

改革文学中的城市景观

改革文学以其对现实人生的执著关怀,再现了大变革背景下中国现代社会丰富多彩的城市景观。社会的个人化所伴随的价值观、道德观等的重新确立带来的个体精神困扰、惶惑与焦灼,使改革文学中凸显的变革时代城市特有的喧嚣与嘈杂,具有比表层的社会意义复杂得多的历史和心理学的内涵。     

撒拉族民间文学中的民俗事象透视

本文通过透视撒拉族民间文学中的民俗事象 ,探讨了撒拉族的社会文化生活。     

Gendered constructions of Filipina teachers in Japan's Skype English conversation industry

Drawing on data from a larger project that includes blog entries and interview findings, this paper investigates the ways in which Filipina teachers working in Japan's Skype English conversation (eikaiwa) industry are constructed as intimate and romanticized entities through Japanese male learners’ discursive practices. The paper argues that these highly gendered constructions are never unrelated to the male learners’ desires to display their masculinity. The paper also points out that these desires stem from the long‐established sex‐mediated link between Japanese men and Filipinas based on their economic disparities. The paper concludes with a suggestion that the popularity of Philippines‐based Skype eikaiwa cannot be explained by the development of telecommunication tools or neoliberalism alone; rather, it should be understood as a trend that has emerged from the complicated intersection of all pre‐existent and current economic, socio‐political, cultural‐political, and technological components.     

A body passes by: the flâneur and the senses in nineteenth-century London and Paris

Abstract

The flâneur is well-known for being the most emblematic nineteenth-century observer of urban life. Critics have often compared the flâneur to a camera eye which records everything and insisted on the predominance of sight over other senses in the cognitive process. This article emphasises the embodiedness of the flâneur’s vision, which is an experience of all the senses. Urban public space can be envisaged as a ‘metabolic space,’ in which “the links between background and figures are very unstable” (Augoyard 1991). The moving body of the flâneur, which can adapt to this changing space, seems to be in an ideal position to apprehend the metabolic body of the city. The flâneur is not only a “transparent eye-ball” (Emerson 2003), he is “a living eye” which communicates with all the other senses and captures the whole experience of moving through the city. By looking at texts by Balzac, Baudelaire, Dickens and Charlotte Brontë, the article shows that flânerie is a sensory activity that shapes our perception of the city as much as the city shapes our own flâneries by transforming our bodies into scribes who write the “thicks and thins of the urban text” (de Certeau, 1984).     

Continuity and Change in the Family System Across the Transition from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood

As adolescents move into emerging adulthood, their social networks shift toward a focus on peers and romantic partners, yet parents and siblings remain important sources of support. The present review takes a family systems approach to integrate the growing body of literature examining longitudinal continuity and change in both positive (e.g., intimacy, support) and negative (e.g., conflict, rivalry) qualities of parent–child and sibling relationships as adolescents transition to emerging adulthood. In general, contact with family members decreases, yet the quality of family relationships appears to improve or, at the very least, stabilize across this transition. These pathways are interpreted within the lens of several prominent theories, and a discussion of the limitations of the current literature and ideas for future research are presented.     

“I bled like you,brother, although I was a thousand miles away”: postwar Yiddish sources on the experiences of Polish Jews in Soviet exile during World War II

ABSTRACT

An estimated 230,000 Polish Jews escaped Nazi persecution during World War II by flight or deportation to the interior of the Soviet Union. This article examines early postwar Yiddish and Polish sources on their survival in Soviet exile such as poems, newspaper articles, and witness testimonies. Two sets of sources are analyzed in-depth, testimonies written by young people in Jewish Displaced Persons (DP) camps in occupied Germany and Yiddish poetry from Poland and the DP camps. The author argues that many former exiles were eager to write down their experiences. In doing so, they were aware of the complex nature of deportation and flight that characterized the experiences of Polish Jews in the Soviet Union. In their testimonies many young witnesses express their understanding that they too were “marked by the khurbn.” Whereas Yiddish poetry from the same period helps us understand how writers dealt with their own story of wartime survival outside the realm of German persecution. In their poetry they seek meaning in their own suffering and express their desire to establish a dialogue with other survivors.     

School–work systems in postindustrial societies: Evidence from Japan

The Japanese system of school–work has been widely admired for the strong communication and recruitment relationships that exist between high schools and employers. We develop a framework for understanding the macro-level conditions that fostered the effectiveness of the system up until the early 1990s. These conditions included a stratified secondary educational system, a large supply of high-quality high school graduates, and high demand for young workers to fill entry-level positions in the internal labor markets of large firms. We use original data from a sample of urban high schools to analyze how Japanese employers’ recruitment patterns changed in the 1990s and beyond. The results of that analysis and a counterfactual analysis suggest that recent changes, especially in Japanese employment institutions, have significantly weakened high school–employer relationships. We suggest implications of the Japanese case for school–work processes in other postindustrial societies.     

Crying for Food: The Mexican Myths of ‘La Llorona’ and ‘The Hungry Woman’ in Cherríe L. Moraga

The Mexican legend of ‘La Llorona’ (‘The Weeping Woman’), who drowned her children out of revenge for being abandoned by her lover, and the Aztec creation myth of ‘The Hungry Woman’ — crying constantly for food, with mouths all around her body — have inspired Chicana writers in the symbolic representation of their own yearning, be it sexual, identity-building, or anti-patriarchal. This essay seeks to lay the mythical groundwork within this topic, as well as to illustrate with some particular examples the different reappropriations of these myths in Cherríe L. Moraga, mainly in her play The Hungry Woman: A Mexican Medea (2001). With a view to opening up a past ‘that can provide a kind of road map to our future’ (: ix), these examples of transgressive women will be deprived of the feminine colonial passivity imbued by the dominant male discourse, and analysed as a complex, active, polyvalent mythological female corpus that integrates both life and death, womb and grave. This hybrid approach is inherent to the Aztec mythology on which Moraga relies in order to transcend Manichaeistic resolutions and probe the social, political, and gender reasons leading a hungry mother to commit infanticide.     

日韩文化与金融融合发展经验及其对上海的启示

与日韩两国相比,上海文化与金融融合发展起步晚,但起点高、步子实、进度快。中共十八届三中全会以来,上海将文化与金融融合发展作为重点工作推进,以国际视野、创新方式和落细落小落实举措,着力推动上海文化与金融融合发展并取得显著进展。学习和借鉴日韩两国经验,最重要的是坚持政府融合主导,发挥市场融合优势,激活社会融合主体,创新开放融合方式,合力推动融合发展。