解构经典：《葛特露和克劳狄斯》述评

莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆莱特》几乎是一经发表便被奉为经典,然而,不同甚至是相互冲突的阐释也从未停止出现。厄普代克的小说《葛特露和克劳狄斯》以女性的视角,讲述了一个“《哈姆莱特》之前”的故事,对父权制社会里女性的地位和命运表现出极大的关注,也为《哈姆莱特》提出了一个属于现代人的全新的阐释。     

论近代早期英国政治社会监督机制与社会腐败

都铎晚期和斯图亚特早期是英国近代社会转型时期,也是英国历史上社会腐败较为突出的时期。引起腐败的原因是复杂的,其中,监督机制的弱化和缺失与腐败的盛行有着直接的关联。这一时期英国政治、经济和社会的变化以及这种变化带来的新的王室政策的制订和实施,使得英国王室政府监督机制具有如下特点:政治监督的尴尬和社会监督的两难。正是在如此的监督状况之下,社会腐败的态势难以监控和遏制。     

Career mobility as a Poisson process: An application to the career dynamics of men and women in the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency from the Civil War to World War II

Poisson process models of upward mobility in job rewards are developed and estimated using event history techniques on data from one organization over a period of 80 years. The models developed permit the inclusion of independent variables which vary over a person's career and are used to analyze differences in the mobility of men and women. The main findings are (1) the career dynamics of men and women are similar in general form, both best described by a segmented, heterogeneous, and nonstationary Poisson process; (2) parametric differences exist between the models for men and women in terms of how certain independent variables affect the rate of arrival of opportunities to move up in the reward hierarchy and in terms of how others affect the rate of being given or taking advantage of such opportunities; and (3) both men and women appear to benefit by being in competition with one another for available opportunities. Theoretical interpretations of these results are discussed in relation to differences in the flow of opportunities to locations in the reward hierarchy occupied predominantly by men versus those occupied predominantly by women.     

《简·爱》女主人公的“三部人格”解析

文章从弗洛伊德的"三部人格结构"学说的视角解析了<简·爱>中两个配角"疯女人"、圣约翰和女主人公简·爱的内在关联.提出了本我、自我和超我即"疯女人"、简·爱和上帝(圣约翰)的观点.指出了他们之间的单循环关系本我满足自我--自我求助于超我--超我监督自我去管制本我.     

Dealing with unknown variables in policy/program evaluation

A leading objection to the feasibility of applying benefit-cost analysis in evaluation is that one often cannot know the benefits, the costs, or the probabilities of their occurring for a given proposal. Threshold analysis involves handling unknown variables by converting relevant evaluation problems into questions as to whether a given benefit, cost, probability, or combination of these elements is more or less than a threshold. Above the threshold, the proposed program would be relatively profitable; and below the threshold, it would be relatively unprofitable. Applying that analysis may require the drawing of simple graphs to stimulate the minds of knowledgeable persons as to the range of the actual benefits, costs or probabilities. The approach can be applied when the benefits or the costs are either monetary or nonmonetary, and when the problems involve either go/no-go decisions or conflicting-choice decisions.     

质疑“进步”话语：三部英国小说简析

由狄更斯等人开创的质疑"进步"话语的传统在20世纪的英国一直持续着.约翰·韦恩、格雷厄姆·斯威夫特和朱利安·巴恩斯都是这一传统中继往开来的重要人物.他们分别创作的《山里的冬天》、《洼地》和《福楼拜的鹦鹉》也许只能被看作三个碎片,但是它们共同属于一部针对"进步"话语的推敲史,一部从19世纪延续下来的推敲史.     

塞尔意向行动理论探析

意向行动理论是塞尔行动哲学的重点,研究对象是人类有意识、有目标的行动.首先,梳理意向行动的构成要素,包括“慎思”、“在先意向”、“行动中意向”、“行动”和“间隔”.其次,通过解析要素的相互关系,廓清意向行动的结构和运作模式,以图形方式展现出来.最后,评述奥肖尼斯和帕切里关于“在先意向”和“行动中意向”的一系列批判性观点.以此为基础,论证如何通过“行动中意向”来消解早期行动因果理论的异常因果链问题.     

从原初状态到正义原则--评析罗尔斯的契约论证明

已故当代新自由主义伦理学的领袖人物罗尔斯在伦理学方面的一大贡献是关于正义理论的契约论证明.罗尔斯主要是借助契约来证明自己的两个正义原则.本文对罗尔斯的契约论证明,尤其是对其理论核心的"原初状态"以及从原初状态推导出两个正义原则的过程进行了介绍和分析.     

自由之灵与自由之道——对约翰·密尔自由观的哲学反思

在密尔那里,个性是自由的主体,自由是个性得以培育的土壤,它们不仅和文明、教化等一切东西相并列,而且自身又是其存在的必要条件.分析密尔所谓的自由和获取自由的途径,就会发现其思想的深刻性源自对哲学的反思和关照.他既强调个体的独立性,又注重社会的规范性,在功利主义的框架下试图构建个人与社会的和谐关系,因此具有很强的现实意义.     

闻“道”有先后——对最早《道德经》英语全译本的比较研究

最早的《道德经》英文全译本可追溯到晚清,分别由湛约翰（John Chalmers）、巴富尔（Frederic Henry Balfour）和理雅各（James Legge）翻译。通过对三人译者身份与译介动机的剖析,进而从翻译方法——对“道”的理解、修辞、文体和注释四个方面对这三个早期译本进行异同比较,展示译文文本所呈现出的特殊历史魅力。