论救助款项的含义

对海上救助中有关救助款项的含义进行了分析和研究 ,同时分析了我国《海商法》中有关条文对救助款项的规定。     

临安市林业习惯法探析

明清以前封建政府推行的“列树表道”、“广植蚕桑”、保护“禅林”和“永业田”等政令,对保护临安森林资源发挥了积极作用,但“驰禁山泽”、砍伐缓坡丘陵地区的森林以种茶的作法则破坏了森林。天目山的僧侣护林制度使临安至今仍享有“大树华盖闻九州”的美誉。明清的禁碑显示临安地区林业中存在长期稳定的私人或团体对林木的私业权。民国时期的苗圃制度顺应了林木需求大大增长的要求。新中国成立以后,天目山地区的联防委员会与突击队制度有效地满足了防火护林的需要;30余种林业管理规章,在一定程度上标志着临安地区林业规章制度的成熟与完善。     

A Review of Kyoto Protocol Adoption in Russia: Joint Implementation in Focus

Russia’s role in ‘animation’ of the Kyoto Protocol was crucial. Its initial vacillation on ratification was predominantly due to political bargaining with the EU. Domestic economic rationales [i.e. impacts of emission trading and Joint Implementation (JI) projects] were important to a much lesser extent and environmental motives did not seem to play any role in the decision. Since the Protocol entered into force, there have been significant delays in complete establishment of policy implementation frameworks, which are necessary for Russia to start benefiting from JI and emission trading. Only recently, in 2007, have GHG inventories and a national registry been established and the responsibilities for implementation of the Protocol and JI among the government departments have been distributed only to a certain extent. Some constraints hindering JI projects, such as vague legislation, an unfavourable economic climate, lack of commitment to JI projects, corruption, xenophobia, state and agency ‘capture’ still remain.      

行业特色高校学科发展模式:美国一流大学的启示

特色学科是差异化战略的具体体现,是行业特色高校核心竞争力的核心要素和集中体现。在美国保持特色优势是行业特色高校的立校之本,其学科发展有均衡发展与重点突破,有限发展与综合发展,学科交叉、协同发展几种典型模式。就我国而言多学科交叉协同、非均衡发展模式是行业特色高校的强校之路。成都理工大学“恃优先行,以点带面;以优促精,全面提高”的学科发展模式正是国内行业特色高校发展的典型案例。     

建筑物区分所有权及专有权的概念辨析

建筑物区分所有权制度是近现代社会发展起来的一项新型不动产所有权制度。专有所有权是业主对其建筑物专有部分享有的专有、使用、收益和处分的权利,其性质为对空间的所有权。     

海员适任和资格证书的比较分析

探讨海员适任证书和海员资格证书的区别和联系,追溯合并前国际劳工组织《2006综合海事劳工公约》3个公约关于海员适任和资格证书的获得和发证条件,通过比较与之相关的国际海事组织《1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》和国内规定,发现存在的差别和侧重点。     

Does Joint Physical Custody “Cause” Children’s Better Outcomes?

ABSTRACT

Policymakers and researchers are concerned with whether joint physical custody (JPC) produces better outcomes for children than sole custody. Although several review articles summarizing up to 61 empirical articles demonstrate very positive answers, many of the research designs used compromise the ability to claim that it is JPC per se—and not selection effects—that causes the effect. We discuss several research design issues, such as propensity score analysis, that can more powerfully probe the question of causality. Some studies have already been conducted employing these strategies and more are recommended and likely to soon be forthcoming. On the basis of this comprehensive review we conclude that JPC probably does cause benefits to children on average, and that social scientists can now provisionally recommend rebuttably presumptive JPC to policymakers.     

On generalised estimating equations for vector regression

Generalised estimating equations (GEE) for regression problems with vector‐valued responses are examined. When the response vectors are of mixed type (e.g. continuous–binary response pairs), the GEE approach is a semiparametric alternative to full‐likelihood copula methods, and is closely related to Prentice & Zhao's mean‐covariance estimation equations approach. When the response vectors are of the same type (e.g. measurements on left and right eyes), the GEE approach can be viewed as a ‘plug‐in’ to existing methods, such as the vglm function from the state‐of‐the‐art VGAM package in R. In either scenario, the GEE approach offers asymptotically correct inferences on model parameters regardless of whether the working variance–covariance model is correctly or incorrectly specified. The finite‐sample performance of the method is assessed using simulation studies based on a burn injury dataset and a sorbinil eye trial dataset. The method is applied to data analysis examples using the same two datasets, as well as to a trivariate binary dataset on three plant species in the Hunua ranges of Auckland.     

略论传统伦理道德的发展规律和历史命运-传统伦理道德思想论纲之一

中华民族在血缘宗亲的群体关系中,高度地发挥着人的本性,随着孝养的制度化,传统伦理道德思想从其原生期、形成期逐渐走入成熟期,发展出以三纲五常为主体的政治性伦理思想和以仁义说为核心的品格性伦理思想.前者借专制集权主义而大行其道,渐趋极端,压制着后者,扭曲着人性.后者顽强地抗争,熔铸着民族的精神,培养着"民族的脊梁".二者既对立又统一,既冲突又融合,共同构成传统伦理道德思想.这个矛盾的统一体循其矛盾规律而发展,从不中断,绝不消亡,在经过漫长的成熟期的五个阶段后,必然迈入自己的高级期.