《指南》背景下幼儿园五大领域教学活动有效性研究

幼儿园五大领域教学活动是幼儿一日活动中非常重要的一个环节,是教师把握幼儿年龄特点、掌握幼儿学习方式、采用有效教育策略,通过精心选择活动内容、设计活动过程、实施有效教育,使幼儿获取信息、丰富经验、提高能力的重要途径;五大领域的集体教学活动面向的是全体幼儿,通过此研究旨在提高教师的教学水平,从而提升教学活动的有效性,提升区域内学前教师队伍专业化发展。本研究由北京市延庆区教育科学研究中心学前研训处牵头,以五大领域工作室为依托,以工作室成员78位教师为研究对象,基于扎根理论,采用了nvivo11.0执行分析软件进行了分析,研究五大领域涵盖下的基本课型和科学高效的组织方法,不断提升集体教学组织能力同时,持续提升园所保教工作质量,促进幼儿德、智、体、美、劳全面发展。通过研究我们梳理出五大领域教学活动的基本课型,明确各个课型本身的概念、价值、意义、目的对幼儿具有独特的核心价值,教师通过在日常教学工作中的运用,增强了幼儿园五大领域教学活动的实效性。     

幼儿园科学教育活动师幼互动研究——基于CLASS课堂互动评估系统的观察分析

幼儿科学教育实施的成效直接影响到科学素养的养成,科学教育活动中的师幼互动质量是幼儿科学教育成功与否的关键。本文以CLASS课堂互动评估系统为研究工具,对18个幼儿科学教育活动视频样本进行观察评分,用SPSS19.0进行数据分析,描述幼儿园科学教育活动中师幼互动的现状,重点探讨幼儿园科学教育活动师幼互动中情感领域、活动组织、教育支持三方面及其下属维度,并基于CLASS课堂互动评估系统的视角提出改善幼儿园科学教育活动中师幼互动的可行性建议。     

幼儿园开展游戏分享环节的现状及启示——基于江苏省幼儿园的调查

笔者通过问卷法、访谈法和观察法的综合运用,对江苏省的318名幼儿园教师进行了问卷调研,并选取N市某公立园的3个班级和6位教师作为观察和访谈对象。研究结果表明,在时间安排上,分享环节并非每次游戏后都会开展,不同年龄班的分享时长存在一定差异;在分享内容上,话题主要围绕角色游戏、结构游戏和美工游戏开展,更多涉及幼儿的社会领域发展经验,经常分享游戏中遇到的困难及解决策略;在开展形式上,不同年龄班游戏话题的开启方式各异,分享方法丰富多样,分享地点呈现多样化,但目前仍以全班讨论形式为主。据此,笔者从教师、园所和社会三个层面,提出了优化游戏分享环节开展现状的具体建议。     

Digital learning across cultures: an account of activity theory

ABSTRACT

This paper explores a teaching and learning process as it unfolds in an online offshore classroom. The paper reports on teaching and learning narratives distilled from different cultures, namely the cultures of educators and students in the context of digital learning environments. Drawing on activity theory as a conceptual framework to analyse the narrative, we employ self-study as a methodological tool for capturing the dynamism and complexities that unravel in intercultural and technology-enabled teaching activities. The framework explores the relationships, tensions and opportunities of diverse activity elements that constitute the design and delivery of digital pedagogies. In the networked intercultural system, sustaining the position of activity elements and the specific relational circuit that they institutionalise is a key task for understanding digital technologies as an influential tool for effective learning and teaching practices. We argue that seeing the digital platform from the perspective of its role in creating dynamic interrelationships in a complex activity system is one way to move beyond the cultural confines of any particular element in the system.     

Do All Activities “Weigh” Equally? How Different Physical Activities Differ as Predictors of Weight

In Britain, it is recommended that, to stay healthy, adults should do 150 minutes of moderate‐intensity physical activity every week. The recommendations provided by the U.K. government, however, remain silent in regard to the type of activity that should be done. Using the annual Health Survey for England we compare how different types of physical activities predict a person's weight. In particular, we consider clinically measured body mass index and waist circumference. We document mean slopes emanating from ordinary least squares regressions with these measures as the dependent variables. We show that individuals who walk at a brisk or fast pace are more likely to have a lower weight when compared to individuals doing other activities. Additionally, we highlight that the association between physical activity and weight is stronger for females and individuals over the age of 50. Our overall conclusions are robust to a number of specifications.     

基于蒙台梭利儿童观对幼儿园主题活动的思考

上个世纪80年代以来,蒙台梭利教育机构遍布我国各地。蒙台梭利儿童观是蒙台梭利教育的核心,其致力于充分发挥儿童的主体作用并促进其各项素质的全面发展,幼儿园主题活动关乎幼儿的全面发展。目前,我国的幼儿园主题活动存在脱离儿童经验、重知识而轻情感、主题活动缺乏层次感与整体性等问题。从蒙台梭利的儿童观出发,提出幼儿园要创设尊重儿童个性与经验,开展开放、温馨自由的主题活动。     

从参赛论文看幼儿教师的教育科研素养——以某市幼教论文比赛参赛幼儿教师为例

从某市146篇幼教参赛论文中,分析出幼儿教师科研意识不强、教科研知识欠缺及教科研能力不足的教科研素养现状。导致这一现状的原因主要有自信心不足、积极性不高等内因和职前职后教科研方法教育缺位、幼教科研不受重视及缺乏指导与合作等外因。通过在培养和培训中夯实幼儿教师的教科研素养基础、在实践和反思中形成幼儿教师教科研素养、在支持与指导下提升幼儿教师的教科研素养有利于循序渐进地提升幼儿教师的教科研素养     

Intergenerational Activities that Promote Engaging Conversations are Preferred among Young and Older Adults

ABSTRACT

Loneliness negatively affects young and older adults. Intergenerational activities foster social connectedness. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, this study explored which intergenerational activities are most enjoyable for college students and retirement community residents. Demographics, loneliness, enjoyment, conversation level, and type of activity were analyzed. The enjoyment and conversation variables were positively correlated (r = .59, p < .001) which was supported by participants’ narratives. Both populations most enjoyed the activities with higher conversation levels, with the first being committees, followed by meals, one on one activities, and transportation. Retirement communities and universities should promote intergenerational activities, which include meaningful conversations.     

明代的实学思潮及其对阅读活动的影响

有明一代,在学界曾始终存在着一种与空疏不学之风相对立的实学思潮。他们反对空疏不学,批评清谈误国。以求真务实,经世致用为读书治学所追求的目标,从而对许多传统学科以及自然科学和工程技术等领域进行了有益检索,对明代阅读活动产生了积极影响,也为开有清一代实学之风奠定了基础。     

外层空间环境保护的国家立法研究

人类的空间活动已经对外层空间环境产生了明显的负面影响。为履行有关国际条约所规定的国家义务,确保本国空间活动的顺利进行,保障本国空间资产的安全,许多国家都在其国内立法中规定了空间活动（主要是发射活动）的许可制度,其中大多包含保护外层空间环境方面的要求,并将其作为获取许可证的一个必要条件或实施监管的重要内容之一。从目前情况看,各国有关外空环境保护的立法大多属于原则性规定,尚需制定具体的技术标准、规范或指南来促进其实施。