Examining the Impact of Speed of Quality Improvement on Quality-Related Costs

The Fine (1986) quality-based learning curve model is extended to include the consideration of speed of quality improvement. The model demonstrates that under different circumstances rapid quality improvement effects are either beneficial or detrimental to improvement in quality-related costs. Hypotheses are developed from the analysis of this speed of quality improvement model. The hypotheses are tested in an automotive parts manufacturing company with five similar plants. Results show that with an increase in the speed of quality improvement, the rate of growth in prevention and appraisal costs decrease and the rate of growth in failure costs are unaffected. Rapid speed of quality improvement does yield lesser decreases in failure costs than slower, steadier improvement. However, rapid speed of quality improvement does not yield the predicted lesser decrease in prevention and appraisal costs than slower, steadier improvement. Rapid speed of quality improvement might or might not benefit the organization, perhaps an explanation for some Total Quality Management (TQM) failures. A more deliberate, learning organization is suggested from this research.     

章学诚与戴震之间学术思想影响述议

本文对于余英时先生关于章学诚在治学过程中受戴震影响一说,根据有关史料进行梳理辨析,认为章学诚对于戴震的学术旨趣既有相许之处,更有相异之见,而其取舍标准,则在于章氏一贯的学术旨趣主张。章学诚通过与戴震的两度相晤,进一步坚定了自己独特的治学道路。     

Understanding the Antecedents of Effective Knowledge Management: The Importance of a Knowledge‐Centered Culture*

Within the context of knowledge management, little research has been conducted that identifies the antecedents of a knowledge‐centered culture—those organizational qualities that encourage knowledge creation and dissemination. In this study, the existing literature on organizational climate, job characteristics, and organizational learning (in the form of cooperative learning theory) are linked with the current thinking and research findings related to knowledge management to develop a theoretical model explaining the relationships among organizational climate, the level of cooperative learning that takes place between knowledge workers, and the resulting level of knowledge created and disseminated as measured by team performance and individual satisfaction levels. The study goes on to empirically test the proposed research model by investigating the climate of organizations, and seeks to understand the linkage between a set of organizational and individual characteristics and knowledge‐related activities found in cooperative learning groups and the resulting work outcomes. The hypothesized research model is tested using LISREL with data collected from 203 information systems (IS) professionals engaged in systems development activities. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications the results have for future research and managerial practice.     

对英语学习者阅读行为的实例研究——探讨提高中国学生阅读能力的有效途径

阅读技能是第二语言学习中的一项重要技能。没有良好的阅读行为和一定的阅读技能,第二语言学习便不可能获得有效的习得成效。从语言学习者的阅读心理活动这一过程,分析阅读者在阅读不同篇幅文章时所呈现的不同思维活动,提出阅读的交互模式在第二语言教学和习得过程中,是提高语言学习者阅读能力的有效途径。     

Can study tours help promote evidence-based practice in children's services?

Interest in evidence-based programmes and the science underpinning them has mushroomed in the UK and Ireland in recent years as policy-makers and senior managers seek tried-and-tested methods of improving child well-being. This article examines whether study tours, a form of experiential learning, can help to promote evidence-based policy and practice in children's services. Participants on two study tours to the United States in 2005 to visit evidence-based programmes and their developers were interviewed by telephone 30–36 months later. Results are presented in terms of: (1) what participants felt they were exposed to on the study tours; (2) how the tours had changed their thinking; (3) what impact the tours had in terms of actions; (4) the factors that affected the impact of the study tours; and (5) the value added by the study tours over and above other means of learning about evidence and evidence-based services.     

互动：新型课堂教学的基础

本文探讨了以＂互动＂为基础的新型课堂教学特征,提出了构建＂互动＂新型课堂教学策略及对教师的要求。     

从技术引进到企业的战略创新——福建圣农集团循环经济发展战略案例分析

本文阐述了福建圣农集团从技术设备引进到战略创新的发展历程,继而对其在此过程中的动力系统、从技术设备引进向发展循环经济跨越的运行机制进行了分析,最后,在上述圣农案例的基础上,本文得到的结论与启示如下：（1）推动产业创新的是企业家,企业家的胸怀与能力决定了企业创新的成败;（2）企业要以整合全球资源为手段,打造独具特色的产业创新空间链;（3）引进先进设备后要重视以设备为载体的先进技术的消化吸收;（4）引进设备后的持续创新是实现企业从引进向创新跨越的关键;（5）战略创新是企业动力系统与能力系统循环累积的过程和结果。     

明清之际西方大学学科体系的传入及其影响

15-17世纪,西方大学有了长足的发展,耶稣会高等学校遍及意大利、法国、西班牙、葡萄牙等国家和地区,成为当时欧洲最大的高等教育机构.以耶稣会高等学校"西学六科"为基础的大学学科体系,反映了这一时期西方高等教育在学科及课程设置方面的基本特征.在明清之际"西学东渐"的过程中,伴随着"西学六科"的导入,西方大学学科体系传入中国,对明清学术和思想产生了不容忽视的影响,也成为西方高等教育传入中国的滥觞.     

构建开放式英语教学体系：五个开放

开放式英语教学是以打破传统英语教学的“以课堂为中心、以教师为中心、以教材为中心”的“三中心观”为宗旨,重在充分发挥学生的主体作用,激发学习兴趣,扩展英语教学外延,丰富英语教学的内涵。构建开放式英语教学要致力于开放课堂、教学内容、教学方法和教学评价,巧妙引导学生运用英语进行生活交际和实践岗位能力。构建全方位开放式英语教学体系的重点内容包括：建立开放式的师生关系、创设开放式的语言环境、设计开放式教学内容、设计开放式的主题作业以及完善开放式教学评估体系。     

现代信息技术手段与大学生英语自主学习

学习策略在外语学习中起着重要作用,学生学习的主动性和自主性是当前大学英语教学中比较受关注的问题。大学英语教学模式的改革证明了现代信息技术在外语教学中的应用必将引起教学思想、教学内容、教学模式、教学方法和手段的革新,同时,也为外语学习者自主学习的实现提供了新的条件和手段。