Experiencing discrimination in Los Angeles: Latinos at the intersection of legal status and socioeconomic status

Despite its recent slowdown, immigration from Latin America continues to be a controversial issue. Some scholars argue that the social climate is increasingly inhospitable to Latinos, potentially fueling discriminatory attitudes and behaviors. However, little research has examined Latinos' experiences with discrimination, especially variation by nativity and legal status. We address this issue with research on perceived discrimination among Mexican and Central American residents of Los Angeles County, a major destination for Latin American immigrants. Using data from the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey and the American Community Survey, the analyses consider immigrants’ legal status, intersectionality, and competing perspectives on assimilation. The results show that undocumented immigrants do not report especially high levels of discrimination. Instead, young U.S.-born Latinos are the most likely to report mistreatment in interpersonal and institutional domains. Neighborhood ethnoracial and income diversity also have implications for perceived exposure to different types of discrimination.     

LGBT Family Lawyers and Same-Sex Marriage Recognition: How Legal Change Shapes Professional Identity and Practice

ABSTRACT

Lawyers who practice family law for LGBT clients are key players in the tenuous and evolving legal environment surrounding same-sex marriage recognition. Building on prior research on factors shaping the professional identities of lawyers generally, and activist lawyers specifically, I examine how practice within a rapidly changing, patchwork legal environment shapes professional identity for this group of lawyers. I draw on interviews with 21 LGBT family lawyers to analyze how the unique features of LGBT family law shape their professional identities and practice, as well as their predictions about the development of the practice in a post-Obergefell world. Findings reveal that the professional identities and practice of LGBT family lawyers are shaped by uncertainty, characteristics of activist lawyering, community membership, and community service. Individual motivations and institutional forces work to generate a professional identity that is resilient and dynamic, characterized by skepticism and distrust coupled with flexibility and creativity. These features are likely to play a role in the evolution of the LGBT family lawyer professional identity post-marriage equality.     

Unobtrusively Stretching Law: Legal Education,Activism, and Reclaiming Title IX

We often understate the work that activists put into crafting movement tools. This article examines the space between legal texts and movement resources in a study of early activism surrounding Title IX. Though often hailed as a feminist law, the Title IX statute and regulations lay out a narrow set of individual rights and incorporate several conservative principles. In an analysis of early social movement mobilization surrounding Title IX by the Connecticut Women's Educational and Legal Fund (CWEALF), we identify a distinctive legal framing technique tied to the often overlooked practice of lay legal education. In a legal education campaign that targeted schools, CWEALF placed Title IX's actual requirements alongside broader feminist ideas about gender socialization and civic responsibility to imply that the law mandated substantially greater reforms, a tactic we call unobtrusively stretching law. This article contributes to research on social movements and legal mobilization by illustrating how legal education can serve as part of the tool-making kit for social movements as they struggle to transform legislative compromises into movement resources.     

流浪儿童救助保护体系的构建原则

当前,中国流浪儿童救助保护的理论与实践都取得了显著进展。然而,在这一领域中,国家——社会关系、体制内的机构救助者和民间主体如何分工、两者关系如何调适等方面尚未形成学界共识。因此,对中国流浪儿童救助保护体系的构建原则进行讨论很有必要。构建流浪儿童救助保护体系应包括五个原则,即政府依然要扮演主要角色、社会力量的有效参与不可或缺、专业社会工作与本土社会工作相结合、档案管理与因人施“救”、对流浪儿童实施主动性救助保护等方面。     

论聚众淫乱罪的刑事立法——以无被害人犯罪为研究视角

聚众淫乱罪属于无被害人犯罪的一种类型。我国刑法中聚众淫乱罪分为公然与秘密两种类型。从无被害人犯罪的角度,秘密的聚众淫乱行为入罪不具备法益侵害性、不符合刑法谦抑性、不符合社会需要和民意,应当除罪化。公然的聚众淫乱符合犯罪的本质,应当犯罪化。并且二人的公然淫乱也应当入罪。     

WTO透明度原则法律适用研究

WTO的透明度原则作为WTO的基本原则之一,不仅蕴含在多边贸易体制之内,同时也贯穿于WTO各成员的承诺之中。WTO"争端解决机制"和"贸易政策审议机制"是检验透明度义务履行的两套重要机制。尽管入世后的三次WTO贸易政策审议报告对中国贸易政策透明度的改进给予了肯定,但是中国政府在透明度方面仍需改善,潜在的贸易纠纷依然存在。本文从WTO贸易政策评审机构的视角,结合WTO透明度原则理论分析,评析中国贸易政策透明度的改进,力求客观全面地认识这一原则的内涵和中国自身的实践与完善目标。     

现状与当为:我国指定辩护制度的完善

指定辩护制度是以主权在民、正当程序和控辩平衡等理论为依据,其适用范围取决于权利保障与政府公共资源的平衡结果,是社会保障体系的一个组成部分。我国指定辩护制度存在缺乏对公共资源进行量变考量的法律调整、列举范围相对狭窄、指定辩护阶段滞后、对＂无力＂情形照顾不周等问题。因此,应从科学界定＂应当＂指定辩护的适用范围入手,将基于职权和基于申请而产生的指定辩护情形规范化,规定指定辩护制度适用于审查起诉阶段。     

近代中国宪法的发展轨迹

众所周知,宪法对中国而言是不折不扣的舶来品。从1908年清政府颁布的中国历史上第一部宪法性文件《钦定宪法大纲》到1946年南京国民政府的《中华民国宪法》,几十年间,宪法随着政府的更迭在中国大地上如走马灯般变换。这些宪法都或多或少地结合了中国当时的实际情况;同时,宪法的交替也反映了宪政在中国发展的某种必然规律。     

论集成电路布图设计保护法的特点

2001年4月2日,我国颁布《集成电路布图设计保护条例》。集成电路布图设计保护法作为一个独立的知识产权法律部门,它有自己本质的特点。首先,集成电路布图设计保护法有自己的保护对象。集成电路布图设计保护法所保护的不是集成电路产品,而是集成电路中的布图设计这一无形财产。其次,集成电路布图设计保护法有独特的保护条件,集成电路保护法并不保护所有的布图设计,得到法律保护的布图设计,必须具备以下条件:1.布图设计必须具有独创性;2.布图设计必须具有客现表现形式和可复制性;3.布图设计必须登记。再次,集成电路布图设计保护法有独特的权利保护期。     

董仲舒的法律思想简论

通过对董仲舒法律思想的分析,认为他以儒家宗法为核心,兼融道家、法家的一些理论,提出了反"任刑"、坚持儒法一体、提倡"均富"、"教化"等变法思想和主张,并倡导要统一当时的法律思想。董仲舒的法律思想,起到了确定中国封建社会法律思想一些基本原则的作用。