哲学的困境与哲学精神的回归

关于哲学终结或哲学危机说,近年来不绝于耳。之所以有此观点,在于哲学日益脱离了自身轨道,走向自身的反面。具体说来,这种危机既有来自于逻辑实证主义及后现代哲学对形而上的进攻,亦有来自于哲学学养偏狭、学科分化所造成的派系对峙;同时哲学的非生命倾向也是导致其处于危机的重要原因。当然,哲学不会终结,但必须回到自身的精神上来,即哲学不能丢掉形而上的追问精神,哲学须彰显重返人间的生命品质,哲学亦须有大无畏的孤往精神与进取意识。     

从"视域"到"共呈"

论述了从作为胡塞尔“第一哲学”最重要的概念的“视域”概念向作为胡塞尔“第二哲学”最重要的概念的“共呈”概念的理论过渡,以及这一过渡在胡塞尔哲学中的重要的意义,认为它标志着胡塞尔现象学中的主体性理论与主体间性理论的真正的统一,并且宣告了作为所谓的现代哲学的“哥白尼式的革命”的最高产物的一种“先验现象学’学说的最终的确立。     

诗性智慧的和弦--儒释道与苏轼的艺术人生

儒释道思想因素与苏轼人生艺术的关系,表现在学习和应物两个方面。苏轼对儒释道三家的学习,一方面是自觉的广博的学习和吸取,既沉潜深入而具体落到实处,又虚怀客观不以先入之见阻止自己学习;另一方面是在学习中将三家精神根本性的主张“打通”,以他特有的熔铸才能,构造成了一个周密的思想结构。他对三教思想在学习基础上的融会,不是所谓“为学术而学术”,而是“遇物而应,施则无穷”的“应物”。     

试论社会生态控制论的科学哲学基础

把马克思主义哲学的“信息”创新方法运用于社会学和现代生态学的研究,使生态问题同自然界、社会在控制论和信息高技术中达到高度的综合统一。而传统的自然科学和社会科学所创立的定性观念和经验的方法已不能完全满足对复杂的生态系统的动态描述。因此,对有机的多因子系统的信息目标控制已成为现代社会生态控制的重要方法．     

Working and disability expectancies at older ages: The role of childhood circumstances and education

The ability to work at older ages depends on health and education. Both accumulate starting very early in life. We assess how childhood disadvantages combine with education to affect working and health trajectories. Applying multistate period life tables to data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) for the period 2008–2014, we estimate how the residual life expectancy at age 50 is distributed in number of years of work and disability, by number of childhood disadvantages, gender, and race/ethnicity. Our findings indicate that number of childhood disadvantages is negatively associated with work and positively with disability, irrespective of gender and race/ethnicity. Childhood disadvantages intersect with low education resulting in shorter lives, and redistributing life years from work to disability. Among the highly educated, health and work differences between groups of childhood disadvantage are small. Combining multistate models and inverse probability weighting, we show that the return of high education is greater among the most disadvantaged.     

Selecting the best geometric distribution based on type-I censored data: a Bayesian approach

This paper considers the statistical reliability on discrete failure data and the selection of the best geometric distribution having the smallest failure probability from among several competitors. Using the Bayesian approach a Bayes selection rule based on type-I censored data is derived and its associated monotonicity is also obtained. An early selection rule which allows us to make a selection possible earlier than the censoring time of the life testing experiment is proposed. This early selection rule can be shown to be equivalent to the Bayes selection rule. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the use and the performance of the early selection rule.     

论高校后勤社会化工作中的几个问题

本文论述了高校后勤社会化的渐进性以及后勤办产业等问题     

预期寿命增长、年龄结构改变与我国国民储蓄率

人口年龄结构趋于老龄化和人均预期寿命逐步增长是目前我国人口发展的两个典型特征,而年龄阶段不同,个人的收入、消费与储蓄行为也不同。基于生命周期理论,在选定相关分析指标的基础上,文章使用我国省际平衡面板数据,实证分析了我国人口预期寿命增长和年龄结构改变对国民储蓄率的影响。分析结论表明,人口预期寿命增长提高了我国国民储蓄率;不考虑时间效应时,幼年人口负担比提高会减少国民储蓄率,而老年人口负担比提高会增加国民储蓄率;在考虑时间效应时,幼年人口负担比提高会增加国民储蓄率,而老年人口负担比提高会减少国民储蓄率。对此,文章给出了合理的解释。通过使用多种估计方法,我们发现所得到的结论是基本稳健的。     

知识经济与终身教育

知识经济的兴起使国际竞争重点转移,世界各国为了提高国民素质,争取国际竞争的主动权,纷纷大力发展终身教育。我们要迎接新的挑战,大力发展成人教育,走终身教育之路走必然的选择。     

Why good practice of OR is not enough—Ethical challenges for the OR practitioner

This paper develops the idea that following rules of good OR practice is necessary, but not sufficient for ethical OR. Several challenges of introducing ethical aspects into OR are discussed, evidencing difficulties and ambiguities in the relationship to be established between the OR practitioner and his/her clients, decision-makers or stakeholders. It shows that neither analysis nor modelling work nor the choice of analytical tools is entirely ethically neutral; incomparability, incommensurability and incertitude must be dealt with. The purpose of this article is to detail several difficulties or dilemmas an OR practitioner may be confronted with in the course of his or her assignment. In such situations, following rules of good practice may not be sufficient to indicate how to act in a morally good way. This paper aims at stimulating reflection by structuring the debate; it may leave the reader unsettled—unsettlement being a result and even aim of many discussions in moral philosophy.