Evaluating a Measure of ‘Social Orientation’ of Chinese Students in Social Work: Developing its Reliability and Validity

This study examines the reliability and validity of a measure of ‘social orientation’ indigenously developed from Chinese students of social work in Hong Kong. By administering two tests with Chinese social work students (n = 293 and n = 304) at associate degree level, the measure achieves strong internal consistency with r>0.75 and test–retest consistency with r>0.63. The instrument also has strong validity by attempting factor analysis of items generated from qualitative data in in‐depth interviews. The development of this indigenous measure of ‘social orientation’ will contribute to an understanding of the authoritarian, relationship and ‘other’ orientation of Chinese social work students. The authors propose that this will be a crucial factor in influencing the response of Chinese students towards different teaching and learning approaches in social work education.     

计划生育"三结合"义利价值导向

针对贯彻落实计划生育“三结合”中一些地区片面理解单纯进行物质利益帮扶、重利轻义的不良倾向，论述了如何全面理解义利的辩证关系，并在推行“三结合”中坚持“义利统一”的价值导向     

论基层社区主要组织的功能定位

社区建设要求多主体或者说多个组织来共同完成。目前,社区建设的主体主要包括政府部门、社区居委会、社区中介组织、社区居民等。找准各主要组织的功能定位,对于和谐社区构建至关重要。     

美国对外经济援助的价值取向因素

对外经济援助是二战后国际关系的主要内容之一,随着马歇尔计划的推行,美国开始了大规模的对外经济援助,当然在不同时期,美国对外经济援助具有不同的特点。意识形态因素、文化因素、思维方式的变化以及国家利益因素是影响美国的对外经济援助的价值取向因素。     

Antecedents of Innovativeness in Technology‐Based Services (TBS): Peering into the Black Box of Entrepreneurial Orientation

Innovativeness is the organization's capability for developing and introducing innovations. We argue that new combinations and recombinations of prior and new knowledge (by way of creating, assembling, and transforming knowledge) result in innovativeness in an organization. We further assert that a knowledge‐based focus on innovativeness is particularly important for firms that are technology‐based. The majority of studies focusing on innovativeness are in the entrepreneurship arena, and a large number of studies consider innovativeness as one of three dimensions of the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) construct, the other two dimensions being proactiveness and risk‐taking. However, recent research has suggested peering into the black box of EO by disaggregating the EO construct and examining the interrelationships among its three components. Hence, using the knowledge‐based view and drawing from multiple disciplines, our study conceptualizes innovativeness as a criterion variable and investigates the antecedent role of proactiveness and risk‐taking propensity on innovativeness in the context of technology‐based services (TBS). We hypothesize that both proactiveness and risk‐taking propensity exhibit a curvilinear relationship with innovativeness and introduce organizational structure formality as a moderator to further explicate these relationships. Our results show that proactiveness has a curvilinear (inverted U relationship) with innovativeness, and that this relationship is attenuated by organizational structure formality. Additional analysis indicates that in TBS firms, risk‐taking propensity has a positive linear relationship with innovativeness, and this relationship is accentuated by organizational structure formality. Finally, we discuss important conceptual and practical implications of our study and provide suggestions for future research.     

论文学批评的民族精神与时代精神的核心价值取向

文学批评核心价值体系构建必须“以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和改革创新为核心的时代精神”作为目标和精神支撑,确立民族精神与。时代精神统一的整体性价值取向和评价取向,发挥出批评的评价机机制作用,推动文学健康发展,促进社会核心价值体系的构建。     

科学方法论的变迁与教育管理理论的发展

科学活动是一个科学的认识过程,科学认识过程总是要伴随相应的方法,离开了科学方法论及其发展,科学的发展是不可设想的.本文拟从科学方法论的理论发展变迁为线索,来探讨教育管理理论的发展.     

在默契与游离之间——论赵树理小说创作与赵树理方向

赵树理的创作与＂赵树理方向＂并非同一的,二者之间存在微妙差异。前者是作家生命经验和内在文化认同的体现,是由内而外勃发的自觉追求;后者则是意识形态话语阐释的结果,是外在的文化解读,源于一种求证的话语需求。因此,赵树理的创作与《讲话》之间是一种契合关系,而非简单的询唤与被询唤关系。艺术功利主义的创作主张与形式上的创新追求,使赵树理的小说恰好适应了意识形态话语的需求,因而被推崇为一种＂方向＂。现实主义的艺术追求使赵树理的艺术创作表现出＂不合时宜＂的游离,因而遭遇无所适从的尴尬。     

大学生公民教育的价值与取向

公民教育在当今已成为事关国家建设发展的重要课题。充分认识大学生公民教育的价值,确立大学生公民教育目标定位、主要内容,遵循大学生公民教育原则,对于有效地推进大学生公民教育的发展有着重要的意义。     

科学发展观的价值取向、特征及现代意义

党的十六届三中全会提出科学发展观,要求坚持以人为本,树立全面、协调、可持续的发展观,促进经济社会和人的全面发展。科学发展观的特征是全面综合性、协调互动性、内生可持续性、人本前瞻性。科学发展观是对我国社会主义建设所面对的问题的理性认识和解决方略;是对马克思主义关于社会发展和建设理论的丰富和发展;是对马克思主义唯物史观的继承、丰富和发展,是唯物辩证法在社会主义建设中的创造性的运用。