Using counter-stories to challenge stock stories about Traveller families

Abstract

Critical Race Theory (CRT) is formed from a series of different methodological tools to expose and address racism and discrimination. Counter-stories are one of these tools. This article considers the potential of counter-stories as a methodological, theoretical and practical tool to analyse existing educational inequalities for Traveller communities. Although discrimination towards Traveller communities is well documented, there has been limited use of CRT to examine this position and challenge the social injustice they experience. In this article ‘stock stories’, or commonly held assumptions and stereotypes about Traveller communities are highlighted and refuted with Travellers’ own accounts. It is hoped this article will dispel stock stories, raise awareness of the real inequalities Travellers face and inform methodological debate.     

A reduced form of the Workplace Bullying Scale – the EAPA-T-R: A useful instrument for daily diary and experience sampling studies

The need for more longitudinal studies (i.e. daily diary and experience sampling studies) focused on counterproductive work behaviours such as bullying requires shorter scales that at the same time do not compromise their content validity. Our main objective is to develop and validate a reduced version of the Workplace Bullying Scale (Escala de Abuso Psicológico Aplicado en el Lugar de Trabajo): the EAPA-T-R. Two studies (Study 1: 1506 and Study 2: 932 employees, respectively) were conducted to evaluate its psychometric properties and to ensure the external validity of the EAPA-T-R. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to reduce the current 12-item scale to a more parsimonious 4-item scale. Moreover, the psychometric properties of potential models were compared. Subsequently, the new scale was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Likewise, statistically significant relationships were found between the EAPA-T-R and other dimensions evaluated, such as job characteristics, transformational leadership, engagement, job satisfaction, and subjective performance. Moreover, bullying mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and burnout. To sum up, the EAPA-T-R showed good reliability and validity across studies, supporting its use in future research. The benefits of this short scale for daily diary and experience sampling studies and when using large surveys are discussed.     

“学术”与“革命”的交融——李何林现代文学研究述略

作为中国现代文学学科开创者之一,李何林的学术成就主要体现在左翼文艺研究和鲁迅研究两个方面。他的《中国文艺论战》、《近二十年中国文艺思潮论》仍是当今学界现代文艺思潮研究不可忽略的出发点;他的鲁迅研究与“新民主主义”的文学史观结合,堪称建国后鲁学“正统派”的代表。对李何林而言,革命经历影响学术选择,学术方法、理路体现革命信仰和斗争思维．我们要从“革命”与“学术”的交融来理解其现代文学研究。     

20世纪90年代后小小说女作家群概观及其文化意义

20世纪90年代后,崛起的小小说领域里一批女作家通过创作实绩呈现着独立姿态,充实和提高了小小说这一发展迅速的文体,并极大丰富了新时期中国女性文学的某些本质精神,“她们”的群体意识和文化价值意义是显而易见的。     

鲁迅与中国古代神话传说

鲁迅的《故事新编》对中国古代神话传说进行了成功的改制性运用,不仅传达了时代精神,而且还显露了鲜明的五四神话精神。鲁迅还在更高层次上传承了神话关注人的生存的命题,进而弘扬了神话传说顽强反抗不合理现实的战斗精神。     

论鲁迅小说的非常规修辞艺术

鲁迅的小说集《呐喊》与《彷徨》是一部"语言的艺术作品"。作为语言艺术大师,鲁迅非常重视修辞,非常善于修辞。他的小说内蕴着伟大的精神、广播的知识和真知灼见,同时又体现了高超的修辞技巧和独特的语言风格。这主要体现在:丰富独创的辞格运用;古朴凝练的短句艺术;多彩精湛的语言变异艺术。     

国民性、主体性、功能性的错综与纠缠——鲁迅对东亚封建宗法伦理中皇权思想的反思

在鲁迅看来,皇权思想与国民性之间具有密切的关联。在东亚,日本的皇权思想主要造成了主体性丧失问题,中国的皇权思想主要表现为国民性问题,同时又在一定程度上表现为主体性问题。而这也使鲁迅从对国民性的批判转向对皇权的批判。但他的困境在于:皇权思想不但造成国民性问题,融入国民个体的灵魂,而且其所行使的功能性也融入了整个国家和现代化运动的灵魂。     

鲁国古泮池遗址今何在——基于文献学角度的考察

据《水经注》等古文献记载:鲁泮池、泮台与汉太子钓鱼池、太子钓鱼台同在鲁故城西南部,地理位置相近,但却分属于不同的古建筑群遗址,形状也尽不相同。明中期衍圣公孔弘绪与孔弘泰分别在太子钓鱼池遗址和古泮池遗址上修建有南池别墅(又名南溪)和东庄别墅(又名东池)。明正德、嘉靖年间"移城护庙",新建阙里城东墙恰好从太子钓鱼池和古泮池中间穿过。太子钓鱼池留在了明城内,古泮池则被隔在了明城外。清乾隆年间,在明城内太子钓鱼池遗址上修建"古泮池行宫",乾隆帝"古泮池证疑"将其地定为古泮池。由此古泮池与太子钓鱼池张冠李戴,明城外真正的古泮池遗址再也无人问津。     

时空的突破:文化折叠现象中的鲁迅

20世纪初以来,中西文化的交流碰撞,造就了中国现代文化意识多层次的沉积地带,产生了多种文化因素交融的折叠现象,造就了新的语境和文化态势,鲁迅的思想就体现了一种多元化文化意识因素相融合的结果,突破了传统文化的界线,为中国文化及其文学的发展拓展了空间。     

延安时期毛泽东对鲁迅形象的建构

鲁迅逝世后,毛泽东在延安多次公开评价鲁迅,成功地塑造了延安的鲁迅形象,并使之在新民主主义革命意识形态的建构中发挥了重要作用,成为延安知识分子乃至中国革命文化的重要精神符号。