《再生缘》中的男性意识

陈端生创作的《再生缘》为我们塑造了一个封建时代独特的女性形象孟丽君。她所具有的叛逆性表现了一定的女性意识,但其背后深藏着摆脱不掉的男性意识。这一点与陈端生的生活、孟丽君的道德观和她的异化本质三方面直接相关。     

古希腊神话的性别意象

古希腊神话是世界神话史的重要组成部分。以前对于古希腊神话的学习和探讨更多侧重于她的文学价值。在女性主义运动蓬勃发展的今天,本论文从一个新的视角诠释了古希腊神话。在古希腊神话中,可以找到现代社会两性形象以及斗争的最古老源泉,这对我们认识今天的社会性别具有非常重要的意义。     

犊牛肉及其副产品的加工和利用

本文对初生公牛犊肉及其副产品的加工和利用做了探讨。公牛犊肉可作为肉制品的原料向,尤其与猪肉配合使用,效果更好;一个初生犊牛可采集无菌血清800－1300ml;从犊牛第四胃中能提取皱胃酶,促进乳业的发展。小牛胸腺、肾脏、睾丸、皮等资源也可利用。     

Ebony and Ivory? Interracial dating intentions and behaviors of disadvantaged African American women in Kentucky

Using data from 595 predominantly disadvantaged African American women in Kentucky, this study examines perceptions about racial/ethnic partner availability, cultural mistrust, and racism as correlates of interracial dating intentions and behaviors with both white and Hispanic men. Participants reported levels of dating intentions and behaviors were significantly higher with whites than Hispanics. The multivariate models indicate less cultural mistrust and believing it is easier to find a man of that racial/ethnic category were associated with higher interracial dating intentions. Women were more likely to have dated a white man if they believed it was easier to find a white man and had interracial dating intentions; however, interracial dating intentions was the only significant correlate of having dated a Hispanic man. Findings suggest a shrinking social distance between racial groups, broadening the MMPI for African American women; yet, the low levels of interracial relationships are likely driven by preferences of men.     

Male‐male sexual contact in the U.S.A.: Findings from five sample surveys, 1970–1990

Estimates of the prevalence of male‐male sexual contact are derived using data from five probability surveys conducted between 1970 and 1990. Estimated minimums of 5 to 7 percent of U.S. men report some same‐gender sexual contact during adulthood. Because of the likelihood of underreporting, these estimates might be considered lower bounds on the actual prevalence of such contact. Estimates show relatively little variation across social and demographic subgroups with the major exception that higher prevalence is reported among never‐married men, particularly those 35 and older. Some lesser variations are also found by service in the military, current residence, and current religious affiliation. Fragmentary evidence from these surveys suggests that some men may have episodic male‐male contact in adulthood while other men may have a relatively consistent and exclusive pattern of same‐gender contacts. Only one‐quarter to one‐half of the U.S. men who report male‐male contacts in adulthood also report having had such contacts during the preceding 12 months. In addition, the majority of men reporting same‐gender contacts in adulthood also report some male‐female contacts. Among men reporting same‐gender contacts in the preceding 12 months, however, the majority report exclusively male sexual contacts throughout adulthood. Potential implications of these findings for HIV prevention and research are discussed.     

Correlation between the Japanese Aging Male Questionnaire (JAMQ) and Aging Male’s Symptom (AMS) scale in Japanese male

Abstract

Objectives: To clarify the correlation between the Japanese Aging Male Questionnaire (JAMQ) and the Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) scale through the factor analysis in Japanese male.

Materials and methods: In 61 male patients who visited the LOH outpatient clinic of Teikyo University Hospital, subjective symptoms featuring LOH were evaluated using the JAMQ and AMS. Factor analysis was performed on each questionnaire to clarify the LOH-related factors. Correlational analysis between the subscale scores representing such factors and the serum hormone profiles was also performed.

Results: Factor analysis of the JAMQ revealed an internal structure consisting of three subgroups: somatic, psychological and sexual factors with good categorization of the indicators to the appropriate subgroup. In contrast, the indicators of the AMS showed incomplete conformity to the subgroups of the JAMQ. Correlational analysis showed that each score on the JAMQ subgroups had the highest coefficient of correlation with the corresponding AMS subgroup (p?<?0.001). There was no significant association between total and free serum testosterone levels and the total and subscale scores on either AMS or JAMQ.

Conclusions: The results of factor analysis suggest that the sexual perceptions of Japanese populations might differ from those of Caucasian populations. JAMQ would be useful to separately assess individual aspects of somatic, psychological and sexual symptoms related to LOH among Japanese males.     

An Investigation of the Incidence of Client-Perpetrated Sexual Violence Against Male Sex Workers

ABSTRACT

This article discusses exploratory research investigating the incidence and context of client-perpetrated sexual violence against male sex workers. Four different methods (Web-based surveys, tick-box questionnaires, telephone, and face-to-face interviews) were employed in this study of 50 male escorts. The qualitative data were analyzed using an adapted form of grounded theory. It was found that client-perpetrated sexual violence within male sex work appears to be uncommon. However, when sexual violence did occur the cause was a disagreement over barebacking. Escorts’ explanations for the low level of sexual violence within this sector included (1) that gay men were non-confrontational, (2) their clients led clandestine lifestyles avoiding undue attention, and (3) comparatively, female sex workers were perceived to be more vulnerable resulting in the higher level of sexual violence within the female sex work industry.     

KUNG FU: NEGOTIATING NATIONALISM AND MODERNITY

‘Kung fu’, as a cultural imaginary consecrated in Hong Kong cinema since the 1970s, was constituted in a flux of nationalism. This paper argues that the kung fu imaginary found in Hong Kong kung fu cinema is imbued with an underlying self-dismantling operation that denies its own effectiveness in modern life, and betrays an ‘originary’ moment of heterogeneity, an origin of itself as already ‘impurely Chinese’. Having been British-colonized, westernized, capitalist-polluted and culturally hybrid, Hong Kong's relation with ‘Chineseness’ is at best an ambivalent one. This ambivalence embodies a critical significance of Hong Kong as a defusing hybrid other within a dominant centralizing Chinese ideology, which is itself showing signs of falling apart through complex changes imposed by global capital. Hong Kong's kung fu imaginary, which operates in a self-negating mode, is instructive when read as a tactic of intervention at the historical turn from colonial modernity to the city's reluctant return to the fatherland. The kung fu imaginary enacts a continuous unveiling of its own incoherence, and registers Hong Kong's anxious process of self-invention. If Hong Kong's colonial history makes the city a troublesome supplement, then the ‘Hong Kong cultural imaginary’ will always be latently subversive, taking to task delusive forms of ‘unitary national imagination’.     

Male University Students' Attitudes Toward Rape and Rapists

This qualitative study investigated male humanities university students' attitudes and beliefs about rape and rapists. Twenty male social work and psychology students participated in a semi-open interview in which they were asked about their perceptions of rape, rapists, and their own capacity for rape. The results indicated that these students perceived rapists as aggressive, mentally disturbed, impulsive individuals, yet saw rape as a planned act. The findings further indicated that, in contrast to their initially expressed abhorrence of forced sex and rape, 30% of the subjects later admitted that under specific circumstances they would be capable of forcing sexual relations or raping.     

近现代回族经济“行业垄断”问题剖析

回族是一个擅长于商贸经营的少数民族 ,近现代历史上回族经济活动中的某些“行业垄断”现象颇引人注目。这种人口数量较少的民族 ,往往拥有与其自身人数不尽相称的经济实力以及在某些行业形成的“垄断”现象 ,是研究回族商业史、经济史、社会发展史以及民族关系史时需要特别重视的问题。然而经过深入探究 ,人们可以发现 ,回族经济中的这种“行业垄断” ,大多并非具有真正意义上的垄断性质 ;或可以认为 ,这种垄断仅仅是一种低层次、低水平、脆弱的“垄断” ,仅有一种比较意义上的优势。