政治认同的逻辑

政治认同的逻辑是指公民在社会政治生活中对所在政治系统运行状态认同的底线或原则,即人们的政治共识。政治认同的逻辑应该与人的需求相吻合的,人的需求是一个从低层次到高层次发展的过程,人不仅有物质利益的需要,而且有精神或情感满足的需要。政治认同的逻辑也有一个与之相适应的次序:从利益认同到制度认同再到价值认同,它们之间是相互联系、相互影响的,其中,利益认同是政治认同逻辑的起点,制度认同是政治认同的关键,价值认同是政治认同的核心。     

劳动力市场歧视成本究竟谁买单？*

本文基于雇主的性别歧视模型对长、短期劳动力市场歧视成本收益进行分析,研究表明,短期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主为歧视成本的“消费者”,被歧视的女性劳动力为歧视成本的“买单者”;长期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主和被歧视的女性劳动力都是歧视成本的“买单者”,而离职的不再被歧视的女性劳动力却成为抵抗歧视的“受益者”;无论在短期还是长期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主获得的利润都低于非歧视性雇主。劳动力市场歧视程度主要取决于劳动力供给数量、非歧视性雇主数量以及歧视性雇主的偏见程度。     

Decision Making for Animal Health and Welfare: Integrating Risk‐Benefit Analysis with Prospect Theory

This study integrated risk‐benefit analysis with prospect theory with the overall objective of identifying the type of management behavior represented by farmers’ choices of mastitis control options (MCOs). Two exploratory factor analyses, based on 163 and 175 Swedish farmers, respectively, highlighted attitudes to MCOs related to: (1) grouping cows and applying milking order to prevent spread of existing infection and (2) working in a precautionary way to prevent mastitis occurring. This was interpreted as being based on (1) reactive management behavior on detection of udder‐health problems in individual cows and (2) proactive management behavior to prevent mastitis developing. Farmers’ assessments of these MCOs were found to be based on asymmetrical evaluations of risks and benefits, suggesting that farmers’ management behavior depends on their individual reference point. In particular, attitudes to MCOs related to grouping cows and applying milking order to prevent the spread of mastitis once infected cows were detected were stronger in the risk domain than in the benefit domain, in accordance with loss aversion. In contrast, attitudes to MCOs related to working in a precautionary way to prevent cows from becoming infected in the first place were stronger in the benefit domain than in the risk domain, in accordance with reverse loss aversion. These findings are of practical importance for farmers and agribusiness and in public health protection work to reduce the current extensive use of antibiotics in dairy herds.     

村级治理模式探讨

社会系统学派认为组织应由共同的目标、协作的意愿和信息联系三要素构成。村级组织机构的建立 ,应以农民诉求的利益为基础。农民诉求的利益可分为个人私利最大化和公共福利最大化两种 ,所以必须建立与农民诉求利益相适应的两套组织机构 ,即农会——谋求农民福利最大化的社团法人 ,农村合作经济组织——谋求农民个体利益最大化的财团法人。借鉴台湾农会及农村合作经济组织发展的经验 ,勾画出农会及农村经济合作组织的性质及其架构     

阳离子乳化沥青筑路的技术效益及路面施工技术

介绍了阳离子乳化沥青的特性、发展过程及其在筑路方面的技术效益,叙述了阳离子乳化沥青路面的施工技术。     

刑事诉讼价值再议

公正、效益是评价刑事诉讼最常用的标准。学者们把价值标准误认为价值目标 ,需要纠正。公正、效益二者之间是互相独立又互相依存的关系 ,而不是此消彼长的对立关系。刑事诉讼价值目标就是刑事诉讼的目的。刑事诉讼的目的准确表述应为准确适用刑法和保障人权。     

上市公司业绩评价中的因子分析法

运用统计软件spss11.5选取对深沪股市40家上市公司2003年终期的11个经济指标进行因子分析,得到这些上市公司业绩的综合排序,通过因子分析也暴露了投资者和经营者在对上市公司业绩评价中存在的一些问题,如主营业务收入增长率和经营收益质量这两个反映收益稳定性和质量的指标并没有得到重视。     

A multi-level cost–benefit approach for regulatory decision support in food safety and quality assurance scenarios

In complex policy decision situations where policy objectives cannot be reached alone through the aggregate actions of individual actors, the classical approaches for measuring the effects of regulatory initiatives such as cost–benefit analysis do not provide the information necessary for decision support. This paper discusses a framework for a multi-level analysis approach that could provide decision support in multi-level policy decision situations.     

环境保护综合措施的探讨

简述了我国市场经济条件下环境保护的特点,对限制措施和利益机制的效果及相互作用进行了图示分析,指出我国的环境治理必须运用法律措施和经济措施进行综合整治。并提出了运用法律措施和经济措施调控环境的一些基本思路和方法。     

论期刊社会效益和经济效益的关系

论述了期刊的社会效益和经济效益的统一性和矛盾性,并就实现两个效益的有机结合作了一些初步探讨。