A New Framework for Manufacturing Planning and Control Systems*

This paper presents a new framework for manufacturing planning and control systems which we call iterative manufacturing planning in continuous time (IMPICT) that appears to have several advantages over the well-known material requirements planning (MRP) framework. IMPICT explicitly considers capacity constraints and total system cost (including tardiness) to determine order sizes, order release/due dates, and operation schedules in a deterministic, multi-level, finite horizon, dynamic demand environment. Continuous time scheduling variables allow setups to be carried over from one period to the next. Three new heuristics built on the IMPICT framework are presented and tested in a simulation-based, full-factorial experiment with a wide variety of problem environments. The benchmark for the experiment was materials requirements planning with operations sequencing (MRP/OS) implemented with best-case, fixed planned lead times. The experiment showed that all three heuristics were statistically better than MRP/OS. The total cost for the order merging (OM) heuristic was 25 percent better than the total cost for MRP/OS. Computational times for OM were substantially larger than for MRP/OS; however, the computational times in the experiment suggest that OM is still computationally viable for large-scale batch manufacturing environments found in industry. IMPICT is superior to standard MRP systems because it explicitly considers capacity constraints and total system costs when it creates a materials plan. IMPICT is superior to linear programming-based approaches to finite loading and scheduling found in the literature because it allows setups to be carried over from one period to another and because it is computationally viable for realistic-sized problems.     

法国现象学或实存与知识的张力

现象学在法国的引进与发展包含了主体哲学和概念哲学的共同努力。在主体哲学和概念哲学之间存在着复杂的关联,这意味着实存论与知识论之间巨大的张力。现象学在20世纪法国哲学中占据着主导地位,但现象学有着复杂多样的形态,出现了从意识现象学到身体现象学再到物质现象学的演变。     

The Performance of MRP Purchase Lot-Size Procedures Under Actual Multiple Purchase Discount Conditions

Several heuristic procedures for purchase lot sizing in material requirements planning (MRP) systems were tested with actual data from manufacturing companies. Information provided by the companies for each purchased item included the estimated requirements and costs, the price discount structure from the vendor, and the actual company ordering policy. Simulation tests for each purchased item involved comparisons of several purchase lot-size procedures from the research literature along with the actual procedure used by the company providing the data. Results indicate that one of the heuristic lot-size procedures from the literature consistently outperformed the company policies as well as all other models tested. Another noteworthy result is that, in some cases, the actual company order policy was more cost-effective than some of the models from the research literature.     

论高校档案信息资源的开发利用

论述了高校档案信息资源开发利用对于高校自身的建设和发展的重要意义,阐述了开发利用高校档案信息资源的途径方法,对涉及影响高校档案信息资源开发利用的几个问题提出了解决的具体对策.     

高校人事档案管理引入条形码技术初探

在高校人事档案管理中引入条形码技术,使条码技术与档案管理系统相结合,在档号的编制和使用、档案借阅、盘库、归档、统计等环节以自动化控制替代手工操作,提高工作效率,提升管理水平,推进人事档案的现代化建设。      

《遗传优生》内容调整刍议

现在使用的《遗传优生》教材,是16年前编写的,内容陈旧,只有经典遗传理论而缺乏对优生实践的指导,不符合我院遗传优生教学大纲的规定,不适应人口与计生专业培养人才的需要。所以,应对《遗传优生》加以调整和充实:把细胞学、遗传学、遗传病及其预防与预测等方面的遗传理论与优生实践紧密结合在一起,并补充性细胞保护、遗传规律、婚配关系等在优生方面的作用以及人类基因组计划等相关知识和最新科研成果,为提高出生人口素质,降低出生缺陷率服务。     

第X方物流理论

基于物流 (MF) [1 ] 的属性和企业发展理论 ,在国内首次提出物流新理论———“第X方物流”(X’sPartyMaterialFlow ,简称XPMF)。认为第X方物流不仅指由某一方提供的物流服务业务模式 ,更重要的是指由各有关方综合提供的物流服务业务模式。物流理论和实践证明 ,企业不可能采用某一种固定的物流服务业务模式 ,采用哪种物流服务业务模式是一个事先不能确定的未知数 ,需要根据具体情况进行科学决策 ,故名第X方物流。第X方物流理论符合物流服务业务模式的发展规律。讨论了第X方物流的概念和其运作性质     

电子教学档案管理规范探讨

随着高校办学规模的不断扩大,教学工作逐步实行校院二级管理,二级学院的教学档案管理也随之带来了一系列的转变,其中占据举足轻重地位的电子教学档案该采取何种管理模式,也成为二级学院教学档案管理急需解决的难题。针对这个问题,文章提出加强二级学院电子教学档案管理规范建设,并对其管理模式进行探讨,以实现二级学院电子教学档案管理的现代化、规范化。     

高校档案工作创新的途径与对策

在当今时代,电子文件的大量出现和社会主义市场下社会利益关系的重新架构与调整,冲击了高校档案管理工作的理念、手段和方法。因此,必须从高校职能出发,树立档案效益观,通过档案观念创新、服务渠道创新、服务理念创新、结构创新、管理方法创新和管理人员素养创新,充分发挥档案功能,为高校育人、科研和服务等社会职能服务,提高高校档案工作在高校管理工作中的地位,构建能够适应创新时代高校管理工作要求的档案管理模式。     

新疆城乡女性人才相关因素比较

主要依据"新疆女性人才资源开发利用研究"课题组问卷调查数据,从新疆城乡女性人才的物质待遇状况,对外在环境的评判和性别意识三个方面,对新疆城乡女性人才发展的相关因素予以揭示和比较。