液态奶复合纸包装材料结构力学性能分析

参照国家标准测试方法,对液态奶复合纸包装材料的利乐砖和利乐枕的抗压强度,利乐砖和利乐枕的包装材料的拉伸强度、耐破度、撕裂度等进行了实验。对比国家标准中对纸-塑-铝复合包装材料的力学性能评价指标,分析了利乐复合包装材料的部分力学性能。结果表明利乐砖和利乐枕的包装材料与容器,可满足国家标准对纸-塑-铝复合包装材料的以上力学性能要求,而利乐枕薄弱部位于热封交汇处,利乐砖薄弱部位位于包装材料弯折处。     

机械设计制造工艺学课程改革与大学生工程能力培养实践

围绕大学生工程能力的培养,在优化整合课程内容、编写特点鲜明教材、改变教学方法和手段、加强实验教学等方面进行机械设计制造工艺学课程的教学改革与实践.这一改革实践改变了注重理论和知识传承而对学生能力培养重视不足现状,解决了生产对工艺能力要求的加强与学时压缩的矛盾;合理处理了新知识新工艺快速发展与传统知识更新和传承的协调;突出了实验教学特色.实践证明,围绕学生工程能力培养进行教学,学生的工程能力会有较大提高.     

回转体机械零件尺寸标注智能化的研究

本文应用人工智能技术对回转体机械零件的尺寸标注进行了研究。设计者在专家系统的指导下,可得出尺寸标注的最佳方案。文中结合这个问题的研究,对机械设计专家系统的一些关键技术进行了讨论。     

Statistical considerations for crowdsourced perceptual ratings of human speech productions

Crowdsourcing has become a major tool for scholarly research since its introduction to the academic sphere in 2008. However, unlike in traditional laboratory settings, it is nearly impossible to control the conditions under which workers on crowdsourcing platforms complete tasks. In the study of communication disorders, crowdsourcing has provided a novel solution to the collection of perceptual ratings of human speech production. Such ratings allow researchers to gauge whether a treatment yields meaningful change in how human listeners' perceive disordered speech. This paper will explore some statistical considerations of crowdsourced data with specific focus on collecting perceptual ratings of human speech productions. Random effects models are applied to crowdsourced perceptual ratings collected in both a continuous and binary fashion. A simulation study is conducted to test the reliability of the proposed models under differing numbers of workers and tasks. Finally, this methodology is applied to a data set from the study of communication disorders.     

机械设计基础“教、学、做”一体化教学模式初探

机械设计基础作为机电一体化专业一门必修的专业基础课程，在课程体系中占有重要的地位．通过对高职《机械设计基础》课程教学现状分析，针对传统教学中存在的问题，提出了“教、学、做”一体化在高职《机械设计基础》课程中应用的必要性及实施方案．实践证明，“教、学、做”一体化的教学模式对于职业技术教育培养高素质的实用型人才可以发挥积极的作用．     

Patent portfolios for strategic R&D planning

Empirical research has found a discrepancy between the perceived importance and the actual level of information on competitor's R&D strategies. It has been argued in the literature that patent information might be used to overcome this information deficit. However, empirical research further reveals that patent information is rarely used in strategic R&D planning. The present paper explores this issue and introduces two types of patent portfolios for strategic R&D planning. In patent portfolios on the company level, patenting strategies are identified and the quality of overall technological positions is benchmarked against relevant competitors. In addition, we present a patent portfolio on the technological level, which, as it is known from various technology portfolios, helps companies to manage the allocation of R&D resources effectively. Based on patent data from 21 German, European and Japanese mechanical engineering companies we show the application of both patent portfolios for strategic R&D planning purposes. The patent portfolios prove to be a very valuable tool for R&D decision makers in companies. Based on the experiences made in the case study, recommendation for the effective use of patent portfolios are formulated.     

上海机器织布局的筹建及其向盛宣怀抵押借款

文章从上海机器织布局的筹建着手,主要论述在彭汝琮主持上海机器织布局筹建期间,由于资金困难,织布局于1879年向盛宣怀抵押贷款,试图以此推动筹建工作的进展。但是由于贷款事件本身的复杂性,使得这次借款不仅未能达到推进织布局建设的目的,反而加速了彭汝琮筹办活动的破产。通过对这一事件的分析,我们可以从中看出在彭汝琮主持织布局筹建过程中所遇见的资金困难究竞是源自于资金本身的不足,抑或源自早期中国金融体制的不完善、早期洋务企业经理人员本身素质的不足。     

Using crowdsourced online experiments to study context-dependency of behavior

We use Mechanical Turk's diverse participant pool to conduct online bargaining games in India and the US. First, we assess internal validity of crowdsourced experimentation through variation of stakes ($0, $1, $4, and $10) in the Ultimatum and Dictator Game. For cross-country equivalence we adjust the stakes following differences in purchasing power. Our marginal totals correspond closely to laboratory findings. Monetary incentives induce more selfish behavior but, in line with most laboratory findings, the particular size of a positive stake appears irrelevant. Second, by transporting a homogeneous decision situation into various living conditions crowdsourced experimentation permits identification of context effects on elicited behavior. We explore context-dependency using session-level variation in participants' geographical location, regional affluence, and local social capital. Across “virtual pools” behavior varies in the range of stake effects. We argue that quasi-experimental variation of the characteristics people bring to the experimental situation is the key potential of crowdsourced online designs.     

本雅明眼中机械复制时代的文艺审美特征

20世纪初是继19世纪资本主义高速发展后西方文艺从古典向现代递变的时期，此期的文艺作品生产者、文艺作品以及文艺作品接受者较前代有了极大的转变。本雅明目睹了这种变化，并对各种文艺现象进行研究，提出了此期文艺审美的特征。     

机械制图多媒体教学改革与实践

充分利用多媒体教学的优势 ,在教学中将制图课与计算机绘图课融合 ,制图学习与计算机绘图学习同步进行 ,学生学一部分 ,练一部分 ,真正做到手工绘图、计算机绘图与工程训练并重 ,全面提高了学生的综合素质