文学交往空间的建构与"新时期文学"的生成

"新时期共识"是"新时期文学"的价值核心,而1980年代在广泛的文学活动领域内形成的具有公共领域幻象的新型交往空间,则是"新时期共识"生成的基础.文学刊物、文学社团和大学是建构新的文学交往空间的主要机制化领域.虽然在意识形态转型过程中发挥了巨大作用,但因为缺乏成熟的市民社会作为基础,新生成的文学交往空间归根结底还是"被操纵的公共领域".     

国家治理现代化以人民为中心的根本立场研究——基于社会主要矛盾转化分析

国家治理现代化在根本要求上是要实现人的现代化,国家治理现代化的根本立场必须要体现以人民为中心。我国国家治理现代化以人民为中心的根本立场具有深厚的历史底蕴,这一立场来源于马克思历史唯物主义的人民史观,在我国的革命、建设、改革的实践中,形成了具有时代特点的不同内涵。以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体提出“全心全意为人民服务”作为党的根本宗旨;以邓小平同志为核心的党的第二代中央领导集体提出“是否有利于提高人民的生活水平”的改革开放的评判标准;以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体提出“代表中国最广大人民根本利益”的思想;以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央提出“以人为本”的科学发展观;以习近平同志为核心的党中央提出“以人民为中心”的总体社会发展理念,这些具体内涵丰富和发展了马克思主义的群众史观,反映了党的群众路线的时代要求。进入新时代,我国社会主要矛盾发生改变,在社会主要矛盾转化视阈下,国家治理现代化以人民为中心根本立场的思想表现更具时代性、导向更具目标性、需求更具多样性、落实更具艰巨性。这就要求我国在推进国家治理现代化过程中贯彻以人民为中心的根本立场,要坚持我国人民主体地位不动摇,以增...     

新时代中国语境下宗教的社会适应

宗教是人以之创造自己的一种文化形式,这种创造离不开社会语境。新时代中国的社会现实要求中国宗教必须坚持中国化发展方向,与社会主义社会相适应。中国宗教要在保留自身目的的同时适应并整合社会目的,在复杂行动体系中协调各种原本矛盾的行动,在国家最高领导力、教职人员的带动影响力及信教群众根本创造力的张力中进行整合。     

An analysis of media reporting on the closure of freestanding midwifery units in England

ProblemDespite clinical guidelines and policy promoting choice of place of birth, 14 Freestanding Midwifery Units were closed between 2008 and 2015, closures reported in the media as justified by low use and financial constraints.BackgroundThe Birthplace in England Programme found that freestanding midwifery units provided the most cost-effective birthplace for women at low risk of complications. Women planning birth in a freestanding unit were less likely to experience interventions and serious morbidity than those planning obstetric unit birth, with no difference in outcomes for babies.MethodsThis paper uses an interpretative technique developed for policy analysis to explore the representation of these closures in 191 news articles, to explore the public climate in which they occurred.Findings and discussionThe articles focussed on underuse by women and financial constraints on services. Despite the inclusion of service user voices, the power of framing was held by service managers and commissioners. The analysis exposed how neoliberalist and austerity policies have privileged representation of individual consumer choice and market-driven provision as drivers of changes in health services. This normative framing presents the reasons given for closure as hard to refute and cultural norms persist that birth is safest in an obstetric setting, despite evidence to the contrary.ConclusionThe rise of neoliberalism and austerity in contemporary Britain has influenced the reform of maternity services, in particular the closure of midwifery units. Justifications given for closure silence other narratives, predominantly from service users, that attempt to present women’s choice in terms of rights and a social model of care.     

Segments of Self and Other: The Magyar Hungarian Case

Using a case study from the border region of southeast Hungary, this paper makes the argument that national identity is experienced as a segmented structure of Selves and Others of varying social distances, rather than a binary Self and Other. It also posits that only some of these Others, those perceived to be the most familiar and threatening, are useful for members of a nation to use in thinking about themselves, either in alliance or opposition. In this Hungarian case, the most useful Others for defining Hungarian identity in alliance and opposition are, respectively, the Western and Balkan Other .     

Social construction of work stress: Australian newsprint media portrayal of stress at work, 1997-98

Public understanding of health issues is influenced by the social and political interests of those who gather the information and by the media which disseminates it. This has implications for lay people's beliefs about work stress and has potentially serious personal implications in terms of recognizing, reacting to, and reporting stress in the workplace (Furnham, 1997). The somewhat ambiguous nature of work stress renders it vulnerable to political, social and economic manipulation. This study explores how the issue of work stress is represented in the Australian newsprint media. Fifty-one work-related articles from all major Australian newspapers from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 1997 were selected if 'stress' appeared in the headline. The articles were examined for dominant ideologies and themes. Attention was given to the language used to describe stress, the intended audience, and the voices represented in the articles. Results showed that work stress is represented in the media as an economically costly epidemic, as an outcome of unfavourable work conditions but with individual remedies, and as primarily situated within the public sector. The main voice represented in the media was that of the unions. The reproduction of work stress as a public sector phenomenon serves the interests of public sector unions, the newspapers, and the managers of private sector workers and is not consistent with available workers' compensation data (which is itself problematic).     

经济危机时期英国的移民报道及其对中国的启示——从广州媒体报道非洲黑人说起

2009年7月15日广州黑人冲击派出所，以及随后网上对《东方天使》的参赛者“黑女孩”娄婧的一些讨论，使得黑人群体受到全国媒体乃至世界媒体的关注，境外媒体称“中国首次爆发了有关种族歧视的不同寻常的公开讨论”，“中国人对黑人抱有天真的种族主义”。与此同时，移民大国——英国国内关于移民的讨论也达到了白热化的程度，移民报道在文化与政治领域的重要性得到了前所未有的关注。通过分析经济危机时期英国媒体的移民报道策略、成因和危害，并与中国媒体的黑人报道做简单比较，以期为正在走向世界的中国传媒以启示。     

The stars hang down over the great emptiness of the level plain,and the moon bobs on the running waters of the Great River: thirty years of New Era research on the essay

新时期以来的散文研究已走过了30年的历程。由于种种原因，散文研究一直受到 轻视和责难。本文从作家作品研究、专题性研究、散文史建设和散文理论建构诸方 面，对30年来散文研究进行了全面系统的梳理和评析，并追寻散文研究长期被冷落的 原因。文章认为21世纪的散文研究要走向深入和阔大，必须从三方面用力：其一是要 建立现代意识的散文批评视野；其二是“化西方”与“中国化”；其三是思维方式与 研究方法的改变。这三方面不但是认识和解决当代散文问题的重要维度，而且对散文 研究具有方法论的意义。

关键词: 新时期?散文研究?现代视野?理论建构

New Era research on the essay and other occasional writing already has a history of thirty years. For various reasons, however, such research has consistently been slighted and condemned. This article offers a systematic and comprehensive review and analysis of the last thirty years of research in this field in terms of writers and their works, research on special topics, and the construction of the history and theory of this genre, and explores the reasons why it has been slighted for so long. To deepen and broaden this research in the new century, we must exert ourselves in three areas: first, we must adopt a modern vision of criticism of the essay; second, we must “digest Western theories” and “Sinicize essay writing and research”; and third, we must change our research methods and way of thinking. These three points not only offer an important dimension for understanding and solving contemporary issues relating to the essay, but also have methodological significance for research.     

新媒体环境下英语听力教学过程性评估模式研究与实践

随着新媒体的出现,学生可以通过互联网、手机报、MP4、数字广播电视、3G网络视频等随时随地接触到生动真实的语言环境,教师已不是信息资源的唯一来源,学生也不再是被动地接受知识.文章从新媒体概念的剖析入手,讨论新媒体与英语听力教学的关系,探究如何在新媒体环境下设计有效的过程性听力教学评估模式,充分利用新媒体的资源有效监控评估学生听力学习、提高学生自主学习能力.     

THE NEW MEDIA AND OUR POLITICAL COMMUNICATION DISCONTENTS: DEMOCRATIZING CYBERSPACE

This article argues that the new interactive media have a 'vulnerable potential' to enhance public communications and enrich democracy, which can be realized only through appropriate policy support and imaginative institution building. After outlining the main shortcomings of the prevailing political communication system, certain elements of redemptive potential, inherent in distinctive features of the Internet, are identified. The policy implications of this analysis are then drawn for the public-service obligations of mainstream media, to ensure open access to new media platforms, and to create a 'civic commons' in cyberspace.