Editorial

This paper discusses a research project on skills for care managers. The acquisition of skills is discussed from the perspectives of those engaged in that work both as care managers and as alumni from a post-qualification course. Care management work that involves decision-making and risk management is considered to be professional activity that demands the acquisition and develop ment of specific skills. Findings from this research emphasise that continuing professional education for care managers should incorporate both an awareness of context and personal development. The paper concludes that quality strategies to enable planned care in the community to succeed should include investment in the continuing professional development of care managers.     

The Misuse of Statistics: Concepts,Tools, and a Research Agenda

This paper presents concerns regarding misuse of statistics in scientific work, especially in biomedical research. The paper discusses what is meant by "misuse." It appears that misuse arises from various sources: degrees of competence in statistical theory and methods, honest error in the application of methods, egregious negligence, and deliberate deception (misconduct.) The incidence of error is partly due to a perceived need to meet artificial statistical criteria for acceptance of research reports for publication by journals. There has been no systematic research into the prevalence of misuse or its breakdown by type. Nonetheless, there are ways to encourage, or even to enforce, good statistical practice. These can be greatly supported by use of available statistical ethics documents. This article suggests lines of further research that could define the problem more explicitly and that might lead to additional corrective measures.     

Licensed house manager skills/competences and the management development process in Bass Taverns

The aim of this paper is to explore the nature of critical licensed house management skills within Bass Taverns. In particular, it focuses on the extent to which these are viewed as being concerned with 'soft' (behavioural) or 'hard' (technical) aspects of management. The focus of the research is on the 'shared understanding' of the importance of licensed house managerial skills. It is concerned with the identification of coherence and tensions in the criticality of certain managerial skills as perceived by the company's senior and licensed house managers. It presents the findings of surveys conducted at both senior and licensed house manager levels within the company to establish the extent to which interhierarchical consistency exists in the areas of critical skills/competences and whether these are seen as being specific to the organization or considered as generic. The research reports a general harmony regarding the nature of the skills required by licensed house managers and evidence of a focus on people-oriented skills, which are seen as being particularly important for achieving business success. Licensed house managers rated the critical skills as 'generic' rather than 'specific' to the taverns context, drawing attention to the need for the organization to address the manner in which these skills are developed.     

“折中主义”教学法的含义及其实施策略

本文剖析了折中主义的含义,并就其在大学公共英语教学中的实施提出了具体的实施策略,以期达到既打好学生的语言基础,又培养学生的交际能力的目的。     

中介语语体可变性与语体失误

语体的选择直接影响到语言交际的效果。英语中介语语体具有可变性特点,通过各种语体失误表现出来。克服语体失误的教学对策主要包括传授语体知识,强化语体意识,设置虚拟语境进行大量的语体转换练习,提高语体能力。     

Patients’ competence to consent to neurobiological research

Progress has been made defining the standards for determining subjects’ competence to consent to research: abilities to communicate a choice, understand relevant information, appreciate the nature of the situation and its consequences, and manipulate information rationally. Available data show clearly that persons with mental illness display a spectrum of decisionmaking abilities, with many performing well, but some doing quite poorly. More attention now is required to identifying the degree of capacity required for competent consent to projects with varying risk/benefit characteristics. Practical means are also required for screening for subjects with impaired capacities, attempting to improve their performance, and providing substituted consent when their deficiencies are intractable.     

Preparation for practice--developing and assessing DipSW students' pre-placement competence 1

Social work enters the twenty-first century in very different circumstances to those which have prevailed through the major period of its development. We are now in an era that has been characterised as that of 'post-welfarism'. Using recent theories that focus on the ideological and structural aspects of the social changes within which contemporary social work is developing, this article examines the impact and implications of such changes for social work education. Some conclusions are drawn for a critical approach to thinking about the content and process of professional education.     

Acknowledgement of client diversity and oppression in social work student supervision

An enduring theme of social work literature and education has been the need for workers to recognise and challenge oppressive structures and develop competence in working with diverse client groups. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative research project where student and field educator supervision sessions were recorded, with the view to examining how oppression and diversity were addressed in these sessions. The authors have used the term 'difference' to describe the breach between the student and client experiences. Examples of anti-discriminatory practice were identified in the recordings, however on occasions supervisors had difficulty in assisting students to acknowledge diversity and oppression in supervision. Four factors that related to addressing diversity emerged from the supervision material. These were: the struggle to unmask subtle themes of oppression; the use of questioning to raise student awareness and development of self-knowledge; using student biography to facilitate learning on 'difference'; and field educator use of self-disclosure during discussions on diversity. Successful approaches to anti-oppressive practice and responding to diversity are outlined.     

对大学英语跨文化交际教学的探讨

本文对大学英语跨文化教学及培养跨文化交际能力的问题做了深入探讨。文章从跨文化交际能力在外语学习过程中的重要性出发 ,阐述了人类交际体系的理论构成 ,跨文化的交际能力与母语特定文化的交际能力之间的区别与共性 ,以及跨文化交际的特点。根据我国英语教学的实际和学生特点 ,结合国外语言教学界在这一领域的实践性研究 ,提出了几种可行性的课堂教学方法。希望能与从事这一领域研究的教师共同探讨。     

高校毕业生求职简历写作教学谈

本文根据社会对大学毕业生就业条件的需求,提出简历是推销自己的广告。简历的内容涉及了二个方面,一是用人单位对就业者的需求——任职资格的能力和条件;二是求职者本身的素质和为用人单位所提供的适当材料。同时探讨了个人简历格式的设计,目的在于为大学毕业生求职起到导航作用。