The self-prescribed use of aromatherapy oils by pregnant women

BackgroundWhile some studies have reported effectiveness of aromatherapy oils use during labour there is no reported evidence of efficacy or risks of aromatherapy oils use for pregnancy-related symptoms or conditions. A number of aromatherapy oils are unsafe for use by pregnant women yet there is currently no research examining the prevalence and characteristics of women who use aromatherapy oils during pregnancy.AimTo conduct an empirical study of the prevalence and characteristics of women who use aromatherapy oils during pregnancy.MethodsThe research was conducted as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH), focusing on the nationally representative sample of Australian women aged 31–36 years. Data were collected via a cross-sectional questionnaire (n = 8200) conducted in 2009.ResultsSelf-prescribed aromatherapy oils were used by 15.2% of pregnant women. Pregnant women were 1.57 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.43) times more likely to self-prescribe use of aromatherapy oils if they have allergies or hayfever, and 2.26 (95% CI: 1.34, 3.79) times more likely to self-prescribe use of aromatherapy oils if they have a urinary tract infection (UTI).ConclusionOur study highlights a considerable use of aromatherapy oils by pregnant women. There is a clear need for greater communication between practitioners and patients regarding the use of aromatherapy oils during pregnancy, as well a need for health care practitioners to be mindful that pregnant women in their care may be using aromatherapy oils, some of which may be unsafe.     

民国时期我国畜牧兽医教育述评

民国时期,我国的畜牧兽医教育主要涵盖传统的授业教育、学校的专业教育和社会的业余教育.就传统畜牧兽医授业教育而言,包括祖传授业教育和师徒授业教育;就学校畜牧兽医专业教育来说,体现在专业理论教育和专业实践教育方面;而社会畜牧兽医业余教育,又集中于技能培训教育和牧医科普教育.总之,民国时期我国的畜牧兽医教育呈现出多样化发展态势.     

史地人文视角下的道地药材

道地药材不仅涉及地理、质量的内涵,也承载了中国历史文化的信息.探讨土贡、民族医药、药都、文学作品与道地药材的联系,从史地人文的视角对道地药材进行解读.     

中医传承中隐性知识转移的网络研究范式

分析了中医隐性知识的特征以及中医隐性知识转移对实现中医传承的重要性,提出以网络研究范式进行中医隐性知识转移的研究,并从中医隐性知识转移网络的构建、资料收集、数据组织和量化分析等方面,探讨网络研究范式下中医隐性知识转移研究的步骤与内容。     

易道和医道——试论《周易》时机观对中医理论的影响

本文从时机观的角度探讨了《周易》哲学对中医理论的影响,认为中医学中的审时知机、按时针刺的针刺理论,子午流注、灵龟八法、飞腾八法等时间针法以及冬病夏治、三伏天灸和冬令进补、三九膏方等方法都是在《周易》时机观的影响下所建构的。《周易》哲学中审时度势、知时知机、因时变通的时机观实际上也是传统中医认识人体生理功能、病理变化和制定治疗法则的理论依据。     

Disability pensions granted from 1988 to 1990 in two municipalities in Norway: the importance of occupational status

The prevalence of people with disability pensions in Norway has increased sharply from 1980, without evidence of a concomitant change in morbidity or in occupational panorama. The incidence of granted disability pensions in 2 small rural municipalities from 1988 to 1990 (n =507) were compared with professional or occupational background and the diagnostic basis of granting the disability pension. Information on occupation and diagnosis was collected manually. Efforts were made to ascertain whether the applicants' work had been strenuous or not. Data giving such information was not available for the total population at risk. Manual workers made up three fourths (n =395) of the incidence. Disability pension was granted with musculoskeletal disorders as the diagnosis in half of all cases. There was also a tendency towards cardiovascular and mental disorders being more frequent in the group of non-manual workers. Incidence rates were higher than the mean rates for the whole country for the diagnostic groups musculoskeletal disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disorders and mental disorders, and the rates did not change over the 3 years. The study indicates that disability pensioners still are more prevalent among manual workers. Increased availability of vocational rehabilitation for this group may be needed, certainly if a reduction in the incidence of disability pensions is aimed at.     

试论医学人文社会科学课程体系的构建

构建符合医学发展要求,适合社会需求的医学人文社会科学课程体系,需要做到以下三个方面：提高认识,形成医学人文社会科学教育的共识;合理设计,借鉴国内外先进经验;统筹管理,科学设置人文社会科学课程。这样,才能形成良好的医学人文素质教育的教学模式,培养出社会需要的医学人文人才。     

汉语“古无舌上音”的苗语例证

汉语＂古无舌上音＂是我国清代音韵学家钱大昕提出来的著名论断。这里以笔者的母语贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州麻江县下司镇白午自然寨的苗语词汇为语料与汉语进行比较研究,认为清代学者钱大昕提出的汉语＂古无舌上音＂的论断在黔东南苗语中也可以得到证明。     

多媒体教学在高等医学教育中的应用

论述了多媒体教学在高等医学教育中的应用特点,指出了多媒体教学存在的问题,以及多媒体教学在现代医学教学中的重要性。     

从现代科学技术看中医存废之争

中医存废之争由来已久,从俞樾的《废医论》到余云岫的“改造中医”,再到现在有些学者说“中医是伪科学”,历时已逾百年。由于“废除中医论”者坚持的论据——“中医不科学”,纠缠着传统文化、自然哲学与自然科学三个因素,因而论争双方各执一端。本文一方面指出“废除中医”的论点是荒谬的,另一方面指出,必须致力于中医现代化,才能最终破解“中医不科学”的质疑,最后提出,当前这场中医存废之争,实质上是近一百年来中西文化论战、现代化与西方化论战在新的历史条件下的继续,它关系到中国传统文化的继承与发扬,关系到中医现代化的命运与前途,需要严肃、认真的对待。